CORRELATING THE PLASMA LEVELS OF INTERFERON-GAMMA, INTERLEUKIN-6 AND TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN WITH MALARIA PARASITAEMIA

CORRELATING THE PLASMA LEVELS OF INTERFERON-GAMMA, INTERLEUKIN-6 AND TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN WITH MALARIA PARASITAEMIA | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 21 October 2025 V1 Latest version Share on CORRELATING THE PLASMA LEVELS OF INTERFERON-GAMMA, INTERLEUKIN-6 AND TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN WITH MALARIA PARASITAEMIA Authors : Ezeokoli OE 0000-0002-0282-5861 [email protected] , Michael Ezeani , Akpa CO , Ugwu GC , Nnachi OA , Ezeanosike O , Onwe SO , Ezeokoli OM , Ekwe AN , and Nwani FO Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176102476.61657509/v1 Published International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews Version of record Peer review timeline 149 views 82 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Background : It has been observed that dwellers in malaria endemic areas, who are continuously exposed to malaria parasitaemia, over time develop some level of immunity against severe forms of the disease. The interaction between the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is known to play key roles in the immune response to infectious diseases. The pathogenesis of malaria parasitaemia, including its progression to symptomatic manifestation, also seems to be strongly related to the interplay between these cytokines. Aim : The study showed correlations in between the plasma levels of Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), Interleukin-six (IL-6), and Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β); and the correlation between Age and the plasma levels of the cytokines in children aged between 6 and 60 months, when infected with malaria parasitaemia. Method : The study was a cross-sectional study involving children with uncomplicated malaria. In the study, malaria parasitaemia was confirmed by microscopy, using Giemsa-stain. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to evaluate the plasma levels of IFN-γ, IL-6 and TGF-β in the subjects. Results: The median plasma IFN-γ, IL-6 and TGF-β levels in participants with malaria parasitaemia were 225.15 pg/mL, 123.31 pg/mL and 2091.02 pg/mL, respectively. The relationship between plasma IFN-γ and IL-6, in the children with malaria parasitaemia showed a statistically significant positive correlation ( r = 0.793; p < 0.001 ). Conclusion: The findings in this work showed that malaria parasitaemia in under-five years’ children is associated with a significant positive correlation in the plasma levels of IFN-γ and IL-6, and a significant negative correlation between IFN-γ and TGF-β. Supplementary Material File (correlating plasma levels of interferon-gamma, interleukin-6 and transforming growth factor-beta in under-five children with malaria parasitaemia.docx) Download 55.61 KB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 21 October 2025 Peer review timeline Published International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews Version of Record 12 Jan 2026 Published Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Keywords cytokines infection interferon-gamma interleukin-6 malaria transforming growth factor-beta Authors Affiliations Ezeokoli OE 0000-0002-0282-5861 [email protected] Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki View all articles by this author Michael Ezeani Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital View all articles by this author Akpa CO Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki View all articles by this author Ugwu GC Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki View all articles by this author Nnachi OA Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki View all articles by this author Ezeanosike O Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki View all articles by this author Onwe SO Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki View all articles by this author Ezeokoli OM Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki View all articles by this author Ekwe AN Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki View all articles by this author Nwani FO Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 149 views 82 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Ezeokoli OE, Michael Ezeani, Akpa CO, et al. CORRELATING THE PLASMA LEVELS OF INTERFERON-GAMMA, INTERLEUKIN-6 AND TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA IN UNDER-FIVE CHILDREN WITH MALARIA PARASITAEMIA. Authorea . 21 October 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176102476.61657509/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu . 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