Freeze-thaw damage of architectural heritage grey brick materials based on fractal theory

Freeze-thaw damage of architectural heritage grey brick materials based on fractal theory | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Freeze-thaw damage of architectural heritage grey brick materials based on fractal theory Jiong Gao, Yun-Hong Hao, Jiao-Yu Xuan, Ri-Gen Wu This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6016228/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study focuses on the grey bricks from the Longshengzhuang architectural heritage site in Inner Mongolia and employs uniaxial compression testing to assess the materials before and after cycles of freezing and thawing. Using fractal theory, the compression fracture characteristics of grey bricks are studied from the perspectives of debris and cracks. Concurrently, the damage factor is used to characterize the uniaxial compression damage process of ancient building grey bricks, and the damage evolution model for grey bricks exposed to various cycles of freeze-thaw is formulated based on the damage factor. Architectural heritage constitutes a vital component of historical and cultural legacy, with grey brick being a prevalent material in its construction. The durability of grey bricks is subject to gradual degradation due to prolonged exposure to intricate natural environmental conditions and anthropogenic damages. This degradation is particularly pronounced in cold climates, where phenomena such as powdering, shedding, and cracking become prevalent. These processes can cause a significant deterioration in the mechanical properties of the materials and, consequently, compromise the structural integrity of architectural heritage sites 1 , 2 . Consequently, investigating the damage patterns and degradation mechanisms of ancient grey bricks subjected to freeze-thaw cycles will furnish a scientific foundation for the assessment and preservation of architectural heritage. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files Supplementaryinformation.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 01 May, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 19 Apr, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 19 Apr, 2025 First submitted to journal 22 Mar, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6016228","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":445211282,"identity":"739b5fd1-51f6-48ab-b05f-da6d62626b9b","order_by":0,"name":"Jiong 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Using fractal theory, the compression fracture characteristics of grey bricks are studied from the perspectives of debris and cracks. Concurrently, the damage factor is used to characterize the uniaxial compression damage process of ancient building grey bricks, and the damage evolution model for grey bricks exposed to various cycles of freeze-thaw is formulated based on the damage factor.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eArchitectural heritage constitutes a vital component of historical and cultural legacy, with grey brick being a prevalent material in its construction. The durability of grey bricks is subject to gradual degradation due to prolonged exposure to intricate natural environmental conditions and anthropogenic damages. This degradation is particularly pronounced in cold climates, where phenomena such as powdering, shedding, and cracking become prevalent. These processes can cause a significant deterioration in the mechanical properties of the materials and, consequently, compromise the structural integrity of architectural heritage sites\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e. Consequently, investigating the damage patterns and degradation mechanisms of ancient grey bricks subjected to freeze-thaw cycles will furnish a scientific foundation for the assessment and preservation of architectural heritage.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Freeze-thaw damage of architectural heritage grey brick materials based on fractal theory","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-04-23 04:51:47","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6016228/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-05-01T21:58:09+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-04-19T19:25:27+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-04-19T17:22:23+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"npj heritage science","date":"2025-03-22T14:07:02+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"npj-heritage-science","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"hsci","sideBox":"Learn more about [Heritage Science](http://heritagesciencejournal.springeropen.com)","snPcode":"40494","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/40494/3","title":"npj Heritage Science","twitterHandle":"@SpringerOpen","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC/SO AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"83edb828-045d-4e90-a1b6-e41edc0700c9","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 23rd, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-05-09T22:08:12+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-04-23 04:51:47","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6016228","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6016228","identity":"rs-6016228","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}