A highly photostable monomeric red fluorescent protein

preprint OA: closed
Full text JSON View at publisher
Full text 12,997 characters · extracted from preprint-html · click to expand
A highly photostable monomeric red fluorescent protein | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Brief Communication A highly photostable monomeric red fluorescent protein Pingyong Xu, Ya Ding, Wenting He, Kunhao Wang, Fudong Xue, Shiqun Zhao, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5629743/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A highly photostable and bright green fluorescent protein (FP), along with its monomeric variants, has recently been reported. These FPs enable long-term live-cell imaging. However, red FPs with similarly desirable properties remain scarce. Here, we introduce mScarlet3-S2, which is up to 29 times more photostable than its precursor, mScarlet3, and surpasses all current red FPs in photostability. Using mScarlet3-S2, we imaged mitochondrial cristae dynamics with high spatiotemporal resolution over several minutes using structured illumination microscopy (SIM), with significantly less photobleaching than mScarlet3 variants. mScarlet3-S2 holds great potential for super-resolution and long-term live-cell imaging applications. Biological sciences/Biological techniques/Sensors and probes/Fluorescent proteins Biological sciences/Cell biology/Cellular imaging/Super-resolution microscopy Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files SUPVideo26561Em609Wiener2DSIM3LifeactmScarlet3S02024112210ms80power15002.avi Hessian SIM images of COS-7 cells expressing Lifeact fusions with mScarlet3-S0 SUPVideo314561Em609Wiener2DSIM3LifeactmScarletH2024112210ms80power15001.avi Hessian SIM images of COS-7 cells expressing Lifeact fusions with mScarletH SUPVideo12561Em609Wiener2DSIM3LifeactmScarlet3S22024112210ms80power15003.avi Hessian SIM images of COS-7 cells expressing Lifeact fusions with mScarlet3-S2 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5629743","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Brief Communication","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":392301653,"identity":"f0566342-4b03-4430-8930-884156cea5bf","order_by":0,"name":"Pingyong Xu","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAqUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYLCCDwYHSNTBOINkLcw8DKRoMZfIMZO2KbiTx8B++AHDzx1EaLGckZYmnWPwrJiBJ82AsfcMEVoMbiQfA2o5nNjAkMPAzNhGlJbENmkLkBb+N0RrAdrCANIiQawtlj3Pki17gH5hk3hmcLCXGC3m7DmGN378uZPHz5/88MFPohwmkACmE9iAxAEiNAC18EPUJRClehSMglEwCkYmAACJdTPFCq7yYAAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8779-6931","institution":"Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pingyong","middleName":"","lastName":"Xu","suffix":""},{"id":392301654,"identity":"18f3052b-d1aa-4bf4-b2f9-e9c2b81f00c6","order_by":1,"name":"Ya Ding","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ya","middleName":"","lastName":"Ding","suffix":""},{"id":392301655,"identity":"ee77f7db-8b72-45f2-93be-78f416e7e73a","order_by":2,"name":"Wenting He","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Biophysics","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wenting","middleName":"","lastName":"He","suffix":""},{"id":392301656,"identity":"c386c590-fce4-4506-957b-f034255ab2fe","order_by":3,"name":"Kunhao Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nankai University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kunhao","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":392301657,"identity":"433ab7aa-d938-4cdf-909c-760a42fa13ce","order_by":4,"name":"Fudong Xue","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Biophysics","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fudong","middleName":"","lastName":"Xue","suffix":""},{"id":392301658,"identity":"95318dfe-07ba-41f7-a137-63bfc8688651","order_by":5,"name":"Shiqun Zhao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Peking University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shiqun","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhao","suffix":""},{"id":392301659,"identity":"6517b1dc-01f2-463b-bc08-bbe172699ef6","order_by":6,"name":"Leiting Pan","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5329-6114","institution":"Nankai University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Leiting","middleName":"","lastName":"Pan","suffix":""},{"id":392301660,"identity":"501628f5-f730-48c2-ae6c-f1f805a28ee4","order_by":7,"name":"Liangyi Chen","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1270-7321","institution":"Peking University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Liangyi","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":392301661,"identity":"373c0b01-ecbc-4a14-8092-185fc6856f5c","order_by":8,"name":"Lin Yuan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lin","middleName":"","lastName":"Yuan","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-12-12 08:35:21","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5629743/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5629743/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":72229329,"identity":"fbc4a8aa-0a2a-4729-9f27-6aa7881c2519","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-24 03:03:29","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1535536,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Article File","description":"","filename":"mScarlet3S2MSFinal.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5629743/v1_covered_eca26b1b-265b-41be-938d-bfaf6ae476f9.pdf"},{"id":72228248,"identity":"fde19efd-1b9c-42f5-bfb3-d1fb0ed34f73","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-24 02:47:26","extension":"avi","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":66258692,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Hessian SIM images of COS-7 cells expressing Lifeact fusions with mScarlet3-S0","description":"","filename":"SUPVideo26561Em609Wiener2DSIM3LifeactmScarlet3S02024112210ms80power15002.avi","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5629743/v1/6f43e8dda3f9bfa85e059a10.avi"},{"id":72228247,"identity":"e1f4ae51-afd1-45f0-a661-925fbb342b75","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-24 02:47:26","extension":"avi","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":81396316,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Hessian SIM images of COS-7 cells expressing Lifeact fusions with mScarletH","description":"","filename":"SUPVideo314561Em609Wiener2DSIM3LifeactmScarletH2024112210ms80power15001.avi","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5629743/v1/44f6e8af960231f9ff5df47f.avi"},{"id":72228246,"identity":"5685fb9b-6456-4caf-ba83-5de4ee954d4f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-24 02:47:25","extension":"avi","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":88215776,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Hessian SIM images of COS-7 cells expressing Lifeact fusions with mScarlet3-S2","description":"","filename":"SUPVideo12561Em609Wiener2DSIM3LifeactmScarlet3S22024112210ms80power15003.avi","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5629743/v1/2daab82cf6491ab703ca1e53.avi"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"A highly photostable monomeric red fluorescent protein","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5629743/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5629743/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"A highly photostable and bright green fluorescent protein (FP), along with its monomeric variants, has recently been reported. These FPs enable long-term live-cell imaging. However, red FPs with similarly desirable properties remain scarce. Here, we introduce mScarlet3-S2, which is up to 29 times more photostable than its precursor, mScarlet3, and surpasses all current red FPs in photostability. Using mScarlet3-S2, we imaged mitochondrial cristae dynamics with high spatiotemporal resolution over several minutes using structured illumination microscopy (SIM), with significantly less photobleaching than mScarlet3 variants. mScarlet3-S2 holds great potential for super-resolution and long-term live-cell imaging applications.","manuscriptTitle":"A highly photostable monomeric red fluorescent protein","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-12-24 02:47:20","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5629743/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"5264709e-9606-41fb-850d-973b6d95ddd5","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 24th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":41817065,"name":"Biological sciences/Biological techniques/Sensors and probes/Fluorescent proteins"},{"id":41817066,"name":"Biological sciences/Cell biology/Cellular imaging/Super-resolution microscopy"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-04-24T19:30:53+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-12-24 02:47:20","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5629743","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5629743","identity":"rs-5629743","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: preprint-html

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Citation neighborhood (no data yet)

We don't have any in-corpus citations linked to this paper yet. This is a recent paper (2024) — citers typically take a year or two to land, and the OpenAlex reference graph may still be filling in.

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-05-20T01:45:00.602351+00:00