Catamenial Pneumothorax due to Pulmonary Endometriosis — A Case Report

Guang-Qiong Hou, Bee-Song Chang, Senzan Hsu, Sheng-Po Kao, Dah‐Ching Ding
In: 慈濟醫學雜誌 · 2006 · vol. 18(4) , pp. 305–307 · doi:10.6440/tzucmj.200608.0305 · W2214416914
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

This case report details a 19-year-old female's diagnosis of catamenial pneumothorax due to pulmonary endometriosis, confirmed via thoracoscopy after recurrent menstrual-related pneumothorax.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-10 ⓘ

This paper is a case report describing a 19-year-old woman with recurrent right-sided pneumothorax and a two-year history of menstrual-related chest pain. She presented with a right-sided pneumothorax and underwent emergent chest tube insertion, followed by video-assisted thoracoscopy, where pathology identified endometrial tissue in the lung consistent with pulmonary endometriosis. The authors note that diagnosis of pulmonary endometriosis is often difficult, and that catamenial pneumothorax should be suspected when pneumothorax is temporally linked to menstrual cycles. This paper is centrally about endometriosis — it reports pulmonary endometriosis causing catamenial pneumothorax confirmed by thoracoscopic pathology.

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Abstract

Pulmonary endometriosis is diagnosed when endometrial tissue is found within the respiratory system. Pneumothorax is the most common presentation of this disorder. A 19-year-old female presented with symptoms of right-sided pneumothorax. She had a two-year history of menstrual-related chest pain and right-sided pneumothorax requiring multiple hospitalizations. Emergent chest tube insertion was performed. She subsequently underwent video-assisted thoracoscopy. Pathology showed pulmonary endometriosis. The diagnosis of pulmonary endometriosis is often difficult. When pneumothorax occurs temporally with menstrual cycles, catamenial pneumothorax should be suspected. Video-assisted thoracoscopy is a safer and less invasive modality of therapy.

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endometriosis

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