Radiographic and Surgical Predictive Factors for Restoring Segmental Lumbar Lordosis and Normal Spinopelvic Balance Following Tlif Surgery in Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Patients

Radiographic and Surgical Predictive Factors for Restoring Segmental Lumbar Lordosis and Normal Spinopelvic Balance Following Tlif Surgery in Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Patients | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Radiographic and Surgical Predictive Factors for Restoring Segmental Lumbar Lordosis and Normal Spinopelvic Balance Following Tlif Surgery in Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Patients SABAH SULAIMAN, Ankith N V, Sameer Ahmed, Aneesh M K, Mahesh Shekoba, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6602867/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 07 Oct, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders → Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract BACKGROUND : This study aimed to assess the preoperative radiographic factors and specific surgical interventions in both degenerative and lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis patients, who underwent single level lumbar fusion surgery, with a focus on evaluating the predictors of postoperative restoration of segmental lumbar lordosis (SLL) and spinopelvic balance. METHODS : A single-centre, Retrospective cohort study, study on 74 patients with degenerative and lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis who underwent single level TLIF surgery between August 2020 and July 2022 with a minimum follow up of 1 year. Radiographic measures included disc angle(DA), SLL, lumbar lordosis(LL), anterior/posterior disc height(ADH/PDH), spondylolisthesis percentage(SP) and pelvic parameters like PI,PT,SS. Surgery-related measures included cage position, spondylolisthesis reduction rate, rod contouring and disc height restoration rate(DHRR). For analysis, change in SLL ≥ 8° indicated increased segmental lumbar lordosis(ISLL), and <8° indicated unincreased segmental lumbar lordosis(UISLL). RESULTS : Among the 74 patients, 46 had UISLL and 28 had ISLL. In lytic listhesis group, on multivariate analysis the LL, DA, cage position were significant predictors of restoration of SLL. In degenerative listhesis, age and SP were significant factors. DHRR was the only significant predictor for restoring good PI-LL. CONCLUSION : Preop LL, DA and intraoperative cage position emerged as significant predictive factors. Surgeons should place the cage more anteriorly, with efforts to restore disc height to maximise the restoration of SLL and to attain a good PI-LL. segmental lumbar lordosis spinopelvic balance cage position ratio predictive factors Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 BACKGROUND Spondylolisthesis is the translation of one vertebral body anteriorly over the adjacent caudal vertebra which results in symptomatic spinal canal stenosis causing axial pain and radiculopathy[ 1 ]. Surgical treatment if indicated, is helpful in improving the patients quality of life[ 2 ]. The existence of instability prompts the surgeon to offer fusion surgery rather than a decompression surgery[ 3 ]. TLIF(Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion) popularised by Harms and Rolinger in 1982 has been a time tested procedure which is commonly followed with high fusion rate[ 4 ]. It is of utmost importance to restore lumbar lordosis and sagittal balance after fusion spine surgeries, for achieving good functional outcomes[ 5 ]. Studies in the past have also stressed on the importance of achieving ideal ‘PI-LL(PI minus LL)’ in fusion surgeries[ 6 ]. Pelvic incidence(PI) is one of the important anatomic parameters of the pelvis and it equals to the sum of positional parameters, such as sacral slope(SS) and pelvic tilt(PT); (PI = SS + PT)[ 7 ]. Schwab et.al quantitatively proved that there is significant difference in the functional outcome as measured by the Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) between patients with PI-LL 9[ 8 ]. Achieving restoration of global alignment during short level lumbar fusion can be challenging, as only the segmental lumbar lordosis(SLL) is adjustable among all the spinopelvic parameters. Evaluation of the pre-operative and intra-operative parameters which are important to restore the SLL in spondylolisthesis patients is important for achieving good functional outcomes in these patients. Very sparse literature is available in this regard[ 9 ]. Previous studies have not taken into consideration the pelvic parameters[ 10 ] without which the evaluation is incomplete. There are no studies in literature which have assessed these parameters in the lytic type of spondylolisthesis. This gap in knowledge poses challenges for surgeons in preoperative planning. The aim of the present study is to assess the preoperative radiographic factors and specific surgical interventions in both degenerative and lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis patients, who underwent single level lumbar fusion surgery(LFS), with a focus on evaluating the predictors of postoperative restoration of SLL and spinopelvic balance. METHODS Study Population: After obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee (IRB:TH-136/2023), we conducted a single-centre, retrospective cohort study on 74 patients with degenerative and lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis who underwent single level TLIF surgery at our institution between August 2020 and July 2022. Informed consent was waived. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) single level lumbar spondylolisthesis- degenerative/lytic type; (2) Meyerding grade I/II; (3) Availability of preoperative, postoperative and follow-up radiographic data and (4) a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Exclusion criteria included patients with multilevel spondylolisthesis, revision surgery, a history of prior trauma, and patients with incomplete data set. 41 patients were included in degenerative group and 33 were included in lytic group and were analysed separately. Preoperative radiographic measurements: [11,12] All radiographic measurements were performed by two trained spine surgeons and the average of the two measurements was recorded as the final result. All measurements are made from standing lateral view radiograph of lumbosacral spine and include the following: (1) Disc Angle(DA), the Cobb angle between the inferior endplate of superior vertebra and the superior endplate of inferior vertebra; (2)Segmental Lumbar Lordosis(SLL), the Cobb angle between the superior endplate of superior vertebra and the inferior endplate of caudal vertebra; (3) Lumbar Lordosis(LL), the Cobb angle between the superior endplates of both L1 and S1 vertebra; (4) Anterior Disc Height(ADH), the shortest distance between the anterior edges of the inferior endplate of superior vertebra and the superior endplate of inferior vertebra; (5) Posterior Disc Height(PDH), the shortest distance between the posterior edges of the inferior endplate of superior vertebra and the superior endplate of inferior vertebra; (6) Spondylolisthesis Percentage(SP), the ratio of the interval between two extended lines of the posterior aspect of upper and lower vertebra to the length of the superior endplate of lower vertebra; (7) Sacral Slop (SS), angle between the sacral end plate and the reference hori­zontal line; (8) Pelvic Incidence(PI), angle between the line perpendicular to the mid­point of the sacral end plate and the line between the midpoint of the sacral end plate and the centre of femoral heads; (9) Pelvic Tilt(PT), the angle between the line connecting the mid­point of the sacral end plate with the centre of femoral heads and the reference vertical line[13](figure.1) Surgery‑related parameters: [9,14] Standard TLIF procedure as described was done under general anaesthesia[15] Surgery related radiological measurements includes the following: (1) Cage position determined using the Central Point Ratio(CPR), calculated as the ratio of the distance between the midpoint of the cage and the posterior extent of the superior endplate of the inferior vertebra divided by the length of the superior endplate of the inferior vertebra (a/b ✕100%); (2) The Spondylolisthesis Reduction Rate(SRR) was calculated as ((post-op SP—pre-op SP)/(pre-op SP)) ✕ 100%; (3) The Disc Height Restoration Rate(DHRR) was calculated as ((post-op ADH/PDH—pre-op ADH/PDH)/(pre-op ADH/PDH)) ✕ 100%; (4) The Rod Contouring(RC), angle between tangents drawn to both ends of curved rod, measures the degree of lordosis built in to the rods during surgery[14] Changes in radiographic parameters were computed by subtracting the preoperative value from the last follow-up value. The LL is subtracted from PI to measure ‘PI-LL’. Then PI-LL mismatch if any was calculated.(figure.2) Patient grouping: For comparing, Patients were divided into two groups- increased segmental lumbar lordosis(ISLL) and unincreased segmental lumbar lordosis(UISLL). Change in Segmental Lumbar Lordosis(ΔSLL) ≥ 8° indicated ISLL, and otherwise, it was categorized as UISLL. Average value of ΔSLL was taken as 8° as there is no age or gender related differences between the groups based on this cut off value. For comparing, patients were also grouped into two on the basis of postoperative PI-LL value. PI-LL ≥ 9° is considered as ‘PI-LL Mismatch’ and grouped as ‘M’(Mismatch) and with PI-LL <9° is grouped as ‘NM’(Nonmismatch). Visual Analogue Score(VAS) was used to assess the changes in pain score and the functional outcome assessment was done with the help of Oswestry Disability Index(ODI). Statistical analysis: For data analysis, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used. Continuous variables are expressed as mean±standard deviations or me­dians and analyzed with either independent two-sample t-testing or the Mann-Whitney U test, depending on the data normality. P <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Variables with a p value <0.05 on univariate analysis were assessed in a multivariate regression model to obtain the most important predictive factors. RESULTS The mean age of the entire cohort (degenerative and lytic) was 42.4years (range28–66 years) old, with 76% (56/74) of the patients being female. In our study 62% patients had a ΔSLL which was 8 0 ΔSLL who were analysed in ISLL group. Lytic listhesis: The mean age of patients with UISLL in lytic group was 42.64 years and that of ISLL was 40.55 years. There were 22 patients with UISLL and 11 patients with ISLL. No statistically significant differences were observed between ISLL and UISLL patients with respect to age and sex. On univariate analysis LL, DA, ADH, PDH, PI, PI-LL, cage position determined by CPR, were significant predictors of restoration of SLL in the post- operative period (Table 1). Table 1- Univariate analysis of predictive factors for lytic spondylolisthesis (p<0.05 taken as significant) ΔSLL N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean P-value Lumbar lordosis (LL) UISLL 22 39.69 7.07 1.5 ISLL 11 31.92 9.13 2.75 0.02 Segmental lumbar lordosis (SLL) UISLL 22 13.57 4.45 0.95 ISLL 11 14.64 5.25 1.58 0.57 Disc angle (DA) UISLL 22 5.4 2.07 0.44 ISLL 11 7.45 2.33 0.7 0.02 Anterior disc height (ADH) UISLL 22 0.73 0.3 0.06 ISLL 11 1.04 0.38 0.11 0.03 Posterior disc height (PDH) UISLL 22 0.59 0.22 0.04 ISLL 11 0.77 0.27 0.08 0.09 Spondylolisthesis percentage (SP) UISLL 22 28.22 12.04 2.56 ISLL 11 27.28 10.78 3.25 0.82 Pelvic incidence (PI) UISLL 22 53.24 6.01 1.28 ISLL 11 49.34 5.1 1.53 0.05 Sacral slope (SS) UISLL 22 29.51 10.82 2.3 ISLL 11 25.97 14.11 4.25 0.47 Pelvic tilt (PT) UISLL 22 23.12 9.48 2.02 ISLL 11 23.59 12.52 3.77 0.91 disc height restoration rate (DHRR) UISLL 22 25.01 25.72 5.48 ISLL 11 25.53 24.3 7.32 0.95 spondylolisthesis reduction rate (SRR) UISLL 22 27.78 19.66 4.19 ISLL 11 33.35 20.96 6.32 0.47 PI-LL UISLL 22 13.35 5.75 1.22 ISLL 11 17.47 8.77 2.64 0.017 Rod curvature(RC) UISLL 22 13.01 5.98 1.27 ISLL 11 11.78 5.77 1.74 0.57 central position ratio (CPR) UISLL 22 69.09 8.05 1.71 ISLL 11 59.65 7.45 2.24 0.003 On subjecting these predictors into a multivariate analysis only the LL, DA, CPR were significant predictors of restoration of SLL. In the lytic listhesis group there was no significant difference between the UISLL and the ISLL patients with respect to ODI and VAS scores. On evaluating the PI-LL values with ODI and VAS, patients with no mismatch (NM) i.e; PI-LL (PI-LL < 9 0 ) had better outcomes (P value<0.05) (Table 2). Table 2- Multivariate Analysis of lytic spondylolisthesis group B Exp(B) 95% C.I.for EXP(B) Sig. Lower Upper Disc angle (DA) 0.70 2.02 1.10 3.70 0.02 Lumbar lordosis (LL) -0.15 0.85 0.73 1.00 0.05 Central position ratio (CPR) -0.18 0.83 0.69 1.00 0.05 Degenerative Listhesis: In the degenerative group, there were 24 patients in the UISLL and 17 patients in the ISLL group. Among the pre-operative and intraoperative parameters analysed only the grade of spondylolisthesis or SP was a significant predictor of restoration of SLL (Table 3). Also among the demographic parameters, age was a significant predictor of SLL restoration (younger age patients had better SLL in the post -operative period when compared to older patients). There was no significant difference between the groups (UISLL and ISLL) with respect to the functional outcome measures like VAS and ODI. However, similar to the lytic group, patients with no mismatch (NM) i.e. PI-LL (PI-LL < 9 0 ) had better functional outcomes (P value<0.05) Table 3- Univariate analysis of predictive factors in degenerative spondylolisthesis ΔSLL N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean P-value Lumbar lordosis (LL) UISLL 24 38.65 6.99 1.42 ISLL 17 37.99 10.03 2.43 0.81 Segmental lumbar lordosis (SLL) UISLL 24 13.07 2.68 0.54 ISLL 17 13.85 3.5 0.85 0.44 Disc angle(DA) UISLL 24 6.41 2.54 0.51 ISLL 17 6.06 2.52 0.61 0.66 Anterior disc height (ADH) UISLL 24 0.85 0.22 0.04 ISLL 17 0.78 0.24 0.06 0.33 Posterior disc height (PDH) UISLL 24 0.62 0.17 0.03 ISLL 17 0.6 0.15 0.03 0.71 Spondylolisthesis percentage (SP) UISLL 24 19.97 8.26 1.68 ISLL 17 27.22 11.07 2.68 0.03 Pelvic incidence (PI) UISLL 24 73.55 106.57 21.75 ISLL 17 53.74 6.56 1.59 0.37 Sacral slope (SS) UISLL 24 28.52 7.24 1.47 ISLL 17 27.2 11.38 2.76 0.67 Pelvic tilt (PT) UISLL 24 24.03 7.77 1.58 ISLL 17 26.98 11.44 2.77 0.36 disc height restoration rate (DHRR) UISLL 24 29.96 44.78 9.14 ISLL 17 28.87 23.62 5.72 0.92 spondylolisthesis reduction rate (SRR) UISLL 24 36.9 20.72 4.22 ISLL 17 38.51 16.86 4.09 0.78 PI-LL UISLL 24 14.13 6.13 1.25 ISLL 17 15.73 7.29 1.76 0.46 Rod curvature(RC) UISLL 24 12.91 4.28 0.87 ISLL 17 14.5 3.89 0.94 0.22 central position ratio (CPR) UISLL 24 57.15 8.79 1.79 ISLL 17 60.59 9.92 2.4 0.26 Lytic + Degenerative (Combined Analysis): Among the 74 patients, 46 patients had UISLL and 28 patients had ISLL. Age and sex were not significant predictors of SLL restoration. On univariate analysis; LL, DA, ADH, PDH, PT, CPR were significant predictors of SLL restoration (Table 4). After subjecting these parameters to a multivariate analysis model; only LL, DA and CPR were significant predictive parameters for SLL restoration in listhesis patients. There was no significant difference between the UISLL and ISLL patients with respect to VAS and ODI. Patients with PI-LL <9 0 had better VAS and ODI scores in the post -operative period (P<0.05). Table 4- univariate analysis of predictive factors in combined lytic and degenerative listhesis groups ΔSLL N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean P-value Lumbar lordosis (LL) UISLL 46 39.67 7.02 1.03 ISLL 28 32.61 10.04 1.89 0.002 Segmental lumbar lordosis (SLL) UISLL 46 13.54 4.37 0.64 ISLL 28 14.34 4.93 0.93 0.48 Disc angle (DA) UISLL 46 5.51 2.07 0.3 ISLL 28 7.12 2.54 0.48 0.007 Anterior disc height (ADH) UISLL 46 0.74 0.29 0.04 ISLL 28 1 0.36 0.06 0.002 Posterior disc height (PDH) UISLL 46 0.6 0.22 0.03 ISLL 28 0.72 0.25 0.04 0.03 Spondylolisthesis percentage (SP) UISLL 46 27.6 11.99 1.76 ISLL 28 26.88 10.59 2 0.78 Pelvic incidence (PI) UISLL 46 64.35 76.89 11.33 ISLL 28 50.17 5.85 1.1 0.21 Sacral slope (SS) UISLL 46 29.46 10.5 1.54 ISLL 28 25.93 13.91 2.63 0.64 Pelvic tilt (PT) UISLL 46 23.11 9.17 1.35 ISLL 28 24.39 12.42 2.34 0.02 DISC HEIGHT RESTORATION RATE (DHRR) UISLL 46 24.88 24.91 3.67 ISLL 28 27.33 24.45 4.62 0.68 SPONDYLOLISTHESIS REDUCTION RATE (SRR) UISLL 46 28.5 19.46 2.87 ISLL 28 33.68 19.43 3.67 0.27 PI-LL UISLL 46 13.28 5.57 0.82 ISLL 28 17.58 8.53 1.61 0.7 ROD CURVATURE (RC) UISLL 46 12.94 5.81 0.85 ISLL 28 12.43 5.37 1.01 <0.001 CENTRAL POSITION RATIO (CPR) UISLL 46 68.41 8.46 1.24 ISLL 28 59.94 7.58 1.43 <0.001 PI- LL Based Analysis: We also analysed our data by dividing the patients into two groups: NM (PI-LL9 0 ). Age and sex of the patient were not significant predictors of a good PI-LL (NM) in the post -operative period. DA, ADH, SP, DHRR were significant predictors of a good PI-LL (NM) on an univariate analysis (Table 5). However, on multivariate analysis only DHRR was the significant predictor for restoring a good PI-LL. Table 5- univariate Analysis of predictive factors for nonmismatch PI-LL PI-LL N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean P-value Lumbar lordosis (LL) M 11 35.6 6.82 2.05 NM 63 37.24 9.26 1.16 0.49 Segmental lumbar lordosis (SLL) M 11 12.76 2.43 0.73 NM 63 14.04 4.84 0.61 0.39 Disc angle (DA) M 11 5.43 1.53 0.46 NM 63 6.24 2.48 0.31 0.016 Anterior disc height (ADH) M 11 0.66 0.15 0.04 NM 63 0.87 0.35 0.04 0.002 Posterior disc height (PDH) M 11 0.72 0.15 0.04 NM 63 0.63 0.25 0.03 0.24 Pelvic incidence (PI) M 11 52.73 4.39 1.32 NM 63 60.08 65.96 8.31 0.38 Sacral slope (SS) M 11 26.24 12.12 3.65 NM 63 28.45 11.97 1.5 0.58 Pelvic tilt (PT) M 11 26.4 11.05 3.33 NM 63 23.1 10.36 1.3 0.37 Spondylolisthesis percentage(SP) M 11 22.11 4.55 1.37 NM 63 28.24 12.01 1.51 0.005 DISC HEIGHT RESTORATION RATE (DHRR) M 11 49.88 39.86 12.02 NM 63 21.61 18.31 2.3 0.04 SPONDYLOLISTHESIS REDUCTION RATE (SRR) M 11 34.08 23.97 7.22 NM 63 29.83 18.75 2.36 0.58 Rod curvature (RC) M 11 10.86 3.17 0.95 NM 63 13.07 5.9 0.74 0.23 CENTRAL POSITION RATIO (CPR) M 11 65.72 7.94 2.39 NM 63 65.12 9.32 1.17 0.82 DISCUSSION There are many studies that highlights the positive impact of restoring SLL and sagittal balance on the clinical prognosis of spondylolisthesis following interbody fusion[ 16 , 17 ]. Kuhta et al[ 18 ] did a study to determine whether obtaining adequate LL or SLL during TLIF for one-level degenerative spondylolisthesis affects clinical outcome. The study was on 57 patients and found out that failure to restore SLL resulted in anterior displacement of the center of gravity, resulting in unfavourable postoperative clinical outcomes. Radovanovic et al[ 19 ] conducted a study among 84 patients to determine the association between postoperative sagittal spinopelvic alignment and clinical outcome following LFS for degenerative spondylolisthesis. The authors concluded that clinical outcome is influenced by the patient’s postoperative sagittal balance. Aoki[ 6 ]et al studied the influence of PI-LL mismatch on surgical outcomes for short-segment TLIF surgery. They found out that PI-LL mismatch influences post-operative residual symptoms, such as low back pain, lower extremity pain and numbness. In our study, all the patients exhibited significant improvements in the clinical outcome with respect to VAS and ODI scores. However, we could not establish any significant statistical difference between the ISLL and UISLL groups. But similar to the findings of Aoki et al, we found that ‘Non Mismatch PI-LL’ i.e PI-LL < 9 0 was important to achieve good functional outcome. So decompression of the involved neural structures and stabilization of affected segments by restoring sagittal balance is rather more important to reduce pain and to improve functional outcome after LFS. Table 3 - Univariate analysis of predictive factors in degenerative spondylolisthesis Pre‑op radiographic features and restoration of SLL and sagittal balance. There are studies in the past that describe the impact of pre-op spinal and pelvic parameters on radiographic outcomes in LFS. Crawford et al[ 19 ] conducted a retrospective cohort study to find out the predictors of SLL following TLIF in 61 patients. Multivariate regression analysis showed that preoperative SLL was the only factor which is associated with change in SLL. C Berlin et al[ 20 ] conducted a retrospective study in 121 patients (both isthmic and degenerative) and found that preoperative SLL at L4/5 level was able to predict SLL correction achievable by TLIF surgery. Alahmari et al[ 21 ] conducted retrospective cohort study and found out that preoperative DA is an independent predictor of SLL correction after TLIF surgery. They concluded that patients who have a kyphotic DA preoperatively, gain more lordosis with interbody cage use. Unfortunately there exist much difference in the findings between each study due to different type of spondylolisthesis, different surgical levels, and variations in the number of fused segments. Many of these studies have not taken into consideration the pelvic parameters without which the evaluation is very much incomplete. This difference may, to some extent, compromise the acceptance of the results obtained from these studies. In our study, following the meticulous matching of the involved patients, it became evident that, only LL and DA are radiographic predictive parameters for ISLL after multivariate analysis in entire cohort and also in lytic group. SP was the only predictive factor, noticed in degenerative group for restoration of SLL. It is also evident that, after multivariate analysis, none of the pelvic parameters became an independent predictive factor for restoration of SLL in any group. Instead of SLL, preop LL was found to be an independent factor for SLL restoration which is in contrary to many of the previous studies. This indicates that, the patients with lower pre-op LL and DA possessed a higher propensity for radiographic improvement after surgery. Intraoperative surgical interventions and restoration of SLL and sagittal balance Studies in the past have shown that, in addition to radiographic factors, surgical interventions also plays a crucial role for ISLL and NM PI-LL. D Wang et al[ 9 ] conducted a retrospective study on assessing the radiographic and surgery-related predictive factors that increases SLL following LFS in 192 patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis. They found out that along with Pre-op SLL, cage position and SRR are significant predictors of SLL restoration after fusion surgery in degenerative spondylolisthesis. Emiliano et al[ 22 ] conducted a retrospective study to find out the correlation between cage positioning and LL in single level TLIF surgery. They concluded that TLIF with anterior cages has better radiographic outcomes regarding LL and SLL compared with posterior devices in spinal fusion surgeries. Haan et al[ 23 ] retrospectively studied on the association between RC and postoperative outcomes in 97 patients undergoing posterior LFS. They confirmed that intraoperative rod contouring procedure had a significant impact on clinical outcomes. In our study, among the surgical factors which help in restoration of SLL, the position of the cage indicated by the CPR was the only significant predictive parameter for SLL restoration in listhesis patients (lytic + degenerative). For restoring an ideal PI-LL, only DHRR was found out to be a significant predictor. In our degenerative listhesis group analysis, only age and spondylolisthesis percentage were significant predictors for SLL restoration. This finding can be explained by the natural history of degenerative listhesis which shows more collapse of the disc space with ageing of the individual, therefore the good restoration of SLL in aged individuals. The findings from our study highlights the importance of using an appropriately sized cage and positioning it well anterior within the disc space for successful restoration of SLL which in turn restores a good LL and prevents PI-LL mismatch for favourable outcomes in single level lumbar fusion surgeries. As a retrospective cohort study, our study had only a relatively small sample size and a limited follow up duration. To validate our findings, future prospective longitudinal studies with larger sample size and longer follow up is required. Also it is important to note that all patients underwent surgery with a similar bullet type of cage, therefore reasonable comparison with other types of cages and their contribution towards SLL restoration could not be assessed. CONCLUSIONS Preop LL, DA and intraoperative cage position emerged as significant predictive factors for restoration of SLL and sagittal balance post-surgery. Surgeons are encouraged to place the cage more anteriorly, with efforts to restore disc height as much as possible to maximise the restoration of SLL and to attain a good PI-LL. Abbreviations SLL- Segmental Lumbar Lordosis TLIF- Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion DA- Disc Angle LL- Lumbar Lordosis ADH/PDH- Anterior/Posterior Disc Height SP- Spondylolisthesis Percentage PI- Pelvic Incidence PT- Pelvic Tilt SS- Sacral Slope SRR- Spondylolisthesis Reduction Rate RC- Rod Contouring DHRR- Disc Height Restoration Rate ISLL- Increased Segmental Lumbar Lordosis UISLL- Unincreased Segmental Lumbar Lordosis ODI- Oswestry Disability Index VAS- Visual Analogue Scale CPR- Central Point Ratio Declarations DATA AVAILABILITY The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE After obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional review board of st johns medical college, Bangalore with reference number (IRB:TH-136/2023); we conducted a single-centre, retrospective cohort study on 74 patients who underwent single level TLIF surgery at our institution between August 2020 and July 2022. Our study was in adherence to Helsinki declaration. Consent to participate was waived by the institutional review board.. CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION Not applicable for this study FUNDING SELF FUNDED RESEARCH STUDY BY THE AUTHORS. NO OTHER EXTERNALFUNDING AGENCY INVOLVED. AUTHORS' CONTRIBUTIONS (to be ticked marked as applicable) CONTRIBUTORS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Concepts ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Design ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Definition of Intellectual content ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Literature search ✓ ✓ Clinical studies Experimental studies Data acquisition ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Data analysis ✓ ✓ Stastical analysis ✓ Manuscript preparation ✓ ✓ Manuscript editing ✓ ✓ ✓ Manuscript review ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ Guarantor ✓ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I extend my deepest gratitude to my CO-PI, Dr. Ankith N V, for his unwavering support and insightful critiques throughout my research journey. His deep commitment to academic excellence and feedback and essential suggestions enhanced the quality of my work. My appreciation also goes to the faculty and staff in the Department of Orthopaedics, St Johns medical college Bangalore, whose resources and assistance have been invaluable. I would also like to acknowledge my colleagues, who inspired me throughout my academic journey. Their collective wisdom and encouragement have been a cornerstone of my research experience. Finally, my sincere thanks to the patients, theatre and technical staff whose patience and readiness to assist at all times have left a profound impact on the completion of my project. CONFLICTING INTEREST: NIL CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: NOT APPLICABLE References Gallagher B, Moatz B, Tortolani PJ. Classifications in Spondylolisthesis. Seminars in Spine Surgery [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2025 Jan 31];32(3):100802. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040738320300198 Chan AK, Sharma V, Robinson LC, Mummaneni PV. Summary of Guidelines for the Treatment of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2019 Jul;30(3):353–64. Bourghli A, Aunoble S, Reebye O, Le Huec JC. Correlation of clinical outcome and spinopelvic sagittal alignment after surgical treatment of low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2011 Sep [cited 2025 Jan 31];20(S5):663–8. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-011-1934-z Hackenberg L, Halm H, Bullmann V, Vieth V, Schneider M, Liljenqvist U. Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a safe technique with satisfactory three to five year results. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2005 Aug [cited 2025 Feb 1];14(6):551–8. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-004-0830-1 Tebet MA. Current concepts on the sagittal balance and classification of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia (English Edition) [Internet]. 2014 Jan [cited 2025 Jan 31];49(1):3–12. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2255497114000263 Aoki Y, Nakajima A, Takahashi H, Sonobe M, Terajima F, Saito M, et al. Influence of pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch on surgical outcomes of short-segment transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. BMC Musculoskelet Disord [Internet]. 2015 Dec [cited 2025 Jan 31];16(1):213. Available from: http://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12891-015-0676-1 Chen HF, Zhao CQ. Pelvic incidence variation among individuals: functional influence versus genetic determinism. J Orthop Surg Res [Internet]. 2018 Dec [cited 2025 Jan 31];13(1):59. Available from: https://josr-online.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13018-018-0762-9 Schwab F, Patel A, Ungar B, Farcy JP, Lafage V. Adult Spinal Deformity—Postoperative Standing Imbalance: How Much Can You Tolerate? An Overview of Key Parameters in Assessing Alignment and Planning Corrective Surgery. Spine [Internet]. 2010 Dec [cited 2025 Jan 31];35(25):2224–31. Available from: http://journals.lww.com/00007632-201012010-00010 Wang D, Chen X, Han D, Wang W, Kong C, Lu S. Radiographic and surgery-related predictive factors for increased segmental lumbar lordosis following lumbar fusion surgery in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2024 Jul [cited 2025 Jan 31];33(7):2813–23. Available from: https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-024-08248-z Diebo BG, Balmaceno-Criss M, Lafage R, McDonald CL, Alsoof D, Halayqeh S, et al. Sagittal Alignment in the Degenerative Lumbar Spine: Surgical Planning. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [Internet]. 2024 Mar 6 [cited 2025 Jan 31];106(5):445–57. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/10.2106/JBJS.23.00672 Farrokhi MR, Eghbal K, Mousavi SR, Moumani M, Bazyari K, Chaurasia B. Comparative Study between Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Posterolateral Fusion for Treatment of Spondylolisthesis: Clinical Outcomes and Spino-Pelvic Sagittal Balance Parameters. Indian Journal of Neurotrauma [Internet]. 2021 Jun [cited 2025 Feb 1];18(01):51–8. Available from: http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0040-1718781 Kim SH, Hahn BS, Park JY. What Affects Segmental Lordosis of the Surgical Site after Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion? Yonsei Med J [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2025 Feb 1];63(7):665. Available from: https://eymj.org/DOIx.php?id=10.3349/ymj.2022.63.7.665 Le Huec JC, Aunoble S, Philippe L, Nicolas P. Pelvic parameters: origin and significance. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2011 Sep [cited 2025 Jan 31];20(S5):564–71. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-011-1940-1 Han L, Ma H, Li Q, Yuan J, Yang H, Qin Y, et al. The association of rod curvature with postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion for spinal stenosis: a retrospective case-control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2023 May 20;24(1):403. Mobbs RJ, Phan K, Malham G, Seex K, Rao PJ. Lumbar interbody fusion: techniques, indications and comparison of interbody fusion options including PLIF, TLIF, MI-TLIF, OLIF/ATP, LLIF and ALIF. Journal of Spine Surgery. 2015;1(1). Kim SB, Jeon TS, Heo YM, Lee WS, Yi JW, Kim TK, et al. Radiographic Results of Single Level Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease: Focusing on Changes of Segmental Lordosis in Fusion Segment. Clin Orthop Surg [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2025 Mar 25];1(4):207. Available from: https://ecios.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4055/cios.2009.1.4.207 Lazennec JY, Ramaré S, Arafati N, Laudet CG, Gorin M, Roger B, et al. Sagittal alignment in lumbosacral fusion: relations between radiological parameters and pain. European Spine Journal [Internet]. 2000 Feb 25 [cited 2025 Jan 31];9(1):47–55. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s005860050008 Kuhta M, Bošnjak K, Vengust R. Failure to maintain segmental lordosis during TLIF for one-level degenerative spondylolisthesis negatively affects clinical outcome 5 years postoperatively: a prospective cohort of 57 patients. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2019 Apr [cited 2025 Mar 21];28(4):745–50. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-019-05890-w Crawford CH, Epperson TN, Gum JL, Owens RK, Djurasovic M, Glassman SD, et al. Predictors of segmental lumbar lordosis following midline posterior (transforaminal) lumbar interbody fusion: Does interbody device type matter? North American Spine Society Journal (NASSJ) [Internet]. 2022 Sep [cited 2025 Jan 31];11:100145. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2666548422000488 Berlin C, Zang F, Halm H, Quante M. Preoperative lordosis in L4/5 predicts segmental lordosis correction achievable by transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2021 May [cited 2025 Jan 31];30(5):1277–84. Available from: https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-020-06710-2 Alahmari A, Thornley P, Glennie A, Urquhart JC, Al-Jahdali F, Rampersaud R, et al. Preoperative Disc Angle is an Important Predictor of Segmental Lordosis After Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Fusion. Global Spine Journal [Internet]. 2024 Mar [cited 2025 Jan 31];14(2):610–9. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/21925682221118845 Vialle EN, Ramos GZ, Hinojosa FL, Guiroy A, Rocha LGDD, Arruda ADO. Correlação entre posicionamento do cage e lordose lombar em fusão transforaminal minimamente invasiva (TLIF). Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) [Internet]. 2022 Oct [cited 2025 Jan 31];57(05):821–7. Available from: http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0042-1756215 Han L, Ma H, Li Q, Yuan J, Yang H, Qin Y, et al. The association of rod curvature with postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion for spinal stenosis: a retrospective case– Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 07 Oct, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 04 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 03 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 May, 2025 Reviews received at journal 28 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 May, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 15 May, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 15 May, 2025 Editor invited by journal 15 May, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 14 May, 2025 First submitted to journal 14 May, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6602867","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":457439572,"identity":"990f7a13-ec17-4b7f-97cd-f0dff3fccc66","order_by":0,"name":"SABAH SULAIMAN","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"SABAH","middleName":"","lastName":"SULAIMAN","suffix":""},{"id":457439573,"identity":"ba10f917-31e0-41df-b30e-7c9a22849431","order_by":1,"name":"Ankith N V","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA9ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFACNoYDjA1Air354IMPID47MVoOArXw8RxLNpwB4jMToYUBpEVOIsdMmgckQEgL/+y2xMMfd9xJbJNIS5O2+bVNno+ZgfHDxxzcWiTuHDtw4OCZZ4ltPI8PW+f23TZsY2Zglpy5DY81N9IbDhxsO2zMxp6WeDu35zYjUAsbMy8eLfJwLQw5BtKWPbftCWoxuJF2AKRFjo0jx0ia4cftRIJaDG+kJRw4C9ICCuTehtvJbcyMzXj9IncjzfhDZdthHvl2YFT++HPbdj6Q8eEjPu+jAMY2MNlArHoQ+EOK4lEwCkbBKBgpAABh7lpeM7/ucwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ankith","middleName":"N","lastName":"V","suffix":""},{"id":457439574,"identity":"7b508d8d-a9e2-4649-bb0e-2f49535f02c0","order_by":2,"name":"Sameer Ahmed","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sameer","middleName":"","lastName":"Ahmed","suffix":""},{"id":457439575,"identity":"7f8db1e8-d84f-4491-b421-2c82ded051d4","order_by":3,"name":"Aneesh M K","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Aneesh","middleName":"M","lastName":"K","suffix":""},{"id":457439576,"identity":"31dd0886-1379-4fdc-abba-ea9913f3b557","order_by":4,"name":"Mahesh Shekoba","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mahesh","middleName":"","lastName":"Shekoba","suffix":""},{"id":457439577,"identity":"9988c29b-2935-4909-a4ec-36a085cb8a38","order_by":5,"name":"Srinivasalu Santhanagopal","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Srinivasalu","middleName":"","lastName":"Santhanagopal","suffix":""},{"id":457439578,"identity":"5c5d2813-4286-4880-a25a-cd6f4e56f3d3","order_by":6,"name":"Mallikarjunaswamy B","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"St.John's Medical College Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mallikarjunaswamy","middleName":"","lastName":"B","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-05-06 12:08:30","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6602867/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6602867/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08893-5","type":"published","date":"2025-10-07T15:58:02+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":83128353,"identity":"3924a270-bf1f-4838-99a2-146f8cc9249f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-20 09:54:50","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":26659,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e‘\u003cstrong\u003eA\u003c/strong\u003e’ is Anterior Disc Height(ADH), ‘\u003cstrong\u003eB\u003c/strong\u003e’ is Posterior Disc Height(PDH), ‘\u003cstrong\u003eC\u003c/strong\u003e’ is Lumbar Lordosis(LL), ‘\u003cstrong\u003eD\u003c/strong\u003e’ is Segmetal Lumbar Lordosis(SLL), ‘\u003cstrong\u003eE\u003c/strong\u003e’ is Disc Angle(DA).\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6602867/v1/e69a58ed9b50c92d5d67ed5e.jpg"},{"id":83130237,"identity":"f4764aeb-9bf2-4d41-bc96-069b51b4e067","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-20 10:10:50","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":23835,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e‘G’ is Sacral Slope(SS), ‘H’ is Pelvic Incidence(PI), ‘I’ is Pelvic Tilt(PT), ‘J’ is Rod Curvature(RC), ‘K’ is Central Position Ratio(CPR) calculated as ‘a/b’\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6602867/v1/c6423d5d8fa90b19b25b7161.jpg"},{"id":93419765,"identity":"bf61d395-2c15-4530-9b32-880458d042ad","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 16:07:15","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1389171,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6602867/v1/857fe814-b909-498a-9aaa-bcf0afa4272a.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eRadiographic and Surgical Predictive Factors for Restoring Segmental Lumbar Lordosis and Normal Spinopelvic Balance Following Tlif Surgery in Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Patients\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"BACKGROUND","content":"\u003cp\u003eSpondylolisthesis is the translation of one vertebral body anteriorly over the adjacent caudal vertebra which results in symptomatic spinal canal stenosis causing axial pain and radiculopathy[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. Surgical treatment if indicated, is helpful in improving the patients quality of life[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. The existence of instability prompts the surgeon to offer fusion surgery rather than a decompression surgery[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e]. TLIF(Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion) popularised by Harms and Rolinger in 1982 has been a time tested procedure which is commonly followed with high fusion rate[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is of utmost importance to restore lumbar lordosis and sagittal balance after fusion spine surgeries, for achieving good functional outcomes[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. Studies in the past have also stressed on the importance of achieving ideal \u0026lsquo;PI-LL(PI minus LL)\u0026rsquo; in fusion surgeries[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. Pelvic incidence(PI) is one of the important anatomic parameters of the pelvis and it equals to the sum of positional parameters, such as sacral slope(SS) and pelvic tilt(PT); (PI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;SS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;PT)[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]. Schwab et.al quantitatively proved that there is significant difference in the functional outcome as measured by the Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) between patients with PI-LL\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;9 and PI-LL\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;9[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e]. Achieving restoration of global alignment during short level lumbar fusion can be challenging, as only the segmental lumbar lordosis(SLL) is adjustable among all the spinopelvic parameters. Evaluation of the pre-operative and intra-operative parameters which are important to restore the SLL in spondylolisthesis patients is important for achieving good functional outcomes in these patients. Very sparse literature is available in this regard[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. Previous studies have not taken into consideration the pelvic parameters[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e] without which the evaluation is incomplete. There are no studies in literature which have assessed these parameters in the lytic type of spondylolisthesis. This gap in knowledge poses challenges for surgeons in preoperative planning.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe aim of the present study is to assess the preoperative radiographic factors and specific surgical interventions in both degenerative and lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis patients, who underwent single level lumbar fusion surgery(LFS), with a focus on evaluating the predictors of postoperative restoration of SLL and spinopelvic balance.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"METHODS","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy Population:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional ethical committee (IRB:TH-136/2023), we conducted a single-centre, retrospective cohort study on 74 patients with degenerative and lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis who underwent single level TLIF surgery at our institution between August 2020 and July 2022. Informed consent was waived. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) single level lumbar spondylolisthesis- degenerative/lytic type; (2) Meyerding grade I/II; (3) Availability of preoperative, postoperative and follow-up radiographic data and (4) a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Exclusion criteria included patients with multilevel spondylolisthesis, revision surgery, a history of prior trauma, and patients with incomplete data set. 41 patients were included in degenerative group and 33 were included in lytic group and were analysed separately.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePreoperative radiographic measurements:\u003c/strong\u003e[11,12]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll radiographic measurements were performed by two trained spine surgeons and the average of the two measurements was recorded as the final result. All measurements are made from standing lateral view radiograph of lumbosacral spine and include the following: (1) Disc Angle(DA), the Cobb angle between the inferior endplate of superior vertebra and the superior endplate of inferior vertebra; (2)Segmental Lumbar Lordosis(SLL), the Cobb angle between the superior endplate of superior vertebra and the inferior endplate of caudal vertebra; (3) Lumbar Lordosis(LL), the Cobb angle between the superior endplates of both L1 and S1 vertebra; (4) Anterior Disc Height(ADH), the shortest distance between the anterior edges of the inferior endplate of superior vertebra and the superior endplate of inferior vertebra; (5) Posterior Disc Height(PDH), the shortest distance between the posterior edges of the inferior endplate of superior vertebra and the superior endplate of inferior vertebra; (6) Spondylolisthesis Percentage(SP), the ratio of the interval between two extended lines of the posterior aspect of upper and lower vertebra to the length of the superior endplate of lower vertebra; (7) Sacral Slop (SS), angle between the sacral end plate and the reference hori\u0026shy;zontal line; (8) Pelvic Incidence(PI), angle between the line perpendicular to the mid\u0026shy;point of the sacral end plate and the line between the midpoint of the sacral end plate and the centre of femoral heads; (9) Pelvic Tilt(PT), the angle between the line connecting the mid\u0026shy;point of the sacral end plate with the centre of femoral heads and the reference vertical line[13](figure.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSurgery‑related parameters:\u003c/strong\u003e[9,14]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStandard TLIF procedure as described was done under general anaesthesia[15]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurgery related radiological measurements includes the following: (1) Cage position determined using the Central Point Ratio(CPR), calculated as the ratio of the distance between the midpoint of the cage and the posterior extent of the superior endplate of the inferior vertebra divided by the length of the superior endplate of the inferior vertebra (a/b\u0026nbsp;✕100%); (2) The Spondylolisthesis Reduction Rate(SRR) was calculated as ((post-op SP\u0026mdash;pre-op SP)/(pre-op SP))\u0026nbsp;✕\u0026nbsp;100%; (3) The Disc Height Restoration Rate(DHRR) was calculated as ((post-op ADH/PDH\u0026mdash;pre-op ADH/PDH)/(pre-op ADH/PDH))\u0026nbsp;✕\u0026nbsp;100%; (4) The Rod Contouring(RC), angle between tangents drawn to both ends of curved rod, measures the degree of lordosis built in to the rods during surgery[14]\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChanges in radiographic parameters were computed by subtracting the preoperative value from the last follow-up value. The LL is subtracted from PI to measure \u0026lsquo;PI-LL\u0026rsquo;. Then PI-LL mismatch if any was calculated.(figure.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePatient grouping:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor comparing, Patients were divided into two groups- increased segmental lumbar lordosis(ISLL) and unincreased segmental lumbar lordosis(UISLL). Change in Segmental Lumbar Lordosis(\u0026Delta;SLL) \u0026ge; 8\u0026deg; indicated ISLL, and otherwise, it was categorized as UISLL. Average value of \u0026Delta;SLL was taken as 8\u0026deg; as there is no age or gender related differences between the groups based on this cut off value.\u0026nbsp;For comparing, patients were also grouped into two on the basis of postoperative PI-LL value. PI-LL \u0026ge; 9\u0026deg; is considered as \u0026lsquo;PI-LL Mismatch\u0026rsquo; and grouped as \u0026lsquo;M\u0026rsquo;(Mismatch) and with PI-LL \u0026lt;9\u0026deg; is grouped as \u0026lsquo;NM\u0026rsquo;(Nonmismatch).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVisual Analogue Score(VAS) was used to assess the changes in pain score and the functional outcome assessment was done with the help of Oswestry Disability Index(ODI).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStatistical analysis:\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor data analysis, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used. Continuous variables are expressed as mean\u0026plusmn;standard deviations or me\u0026shy;dians and analyzed with either independent two-sample t-testing or the Mann-Whitney U test, depending on the data normality. \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Variables with a \u003cem\u003ep value\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.05 on univariate analysis were assessed in a multivariate regression model to obtain the most important predictive factors.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"RESULTS","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe mean age of the entire cohort (degenerative and lytic) was 42.4years (range28\u0026ndash;66 years) old, with 76% (56/74) of the patients being female. In our study 62% patients had a \u0026Delta;SLL which was \u0026lt; 8\u003csup\u003e0\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003ewho were grouped under UISLL and 38% had \u0026gt;8\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026Delta;SLL who were analysed in ISLL group.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eLytic listhesis:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mean age of patients with UISLL in lytic group was 42.64 years and that of ISLL was 40.55 years. There were 22 patients with UISLL and 11 patients with ISLL. No statistically significant differences were observed between ISLL and UISLL patients with respect to age and sex. On univariate analysis LL, DA, ADH, PDH, PI, PI-LL, cage position determined by CPR, were significant predictors of restoration of SLL in the post- operative period (Table 1). \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eTable 1- Univariate analysis of predictive factors for lytic spondylolisthesis \u0026nbsp; (p\u0026lt;0.05 taken as significant)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026Delta;SLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStd. Deviation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStd. Error Mean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLumbar lordosis (LL)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSegmental lumbar lordosis (SLL)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDisc angle (DA)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnterior disc height (ADH)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePosterior disc height (PDH)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpondylolisthesis percentage (SP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePelvic incidence (PI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSacral slope (SS)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePelvic tilt (PT)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003edisc height restoration rate (DHRR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003espondylolisthesis reduction rate (SRR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePI-LL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRod curvature(RC)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ecentral position ratio (CPR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 67px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn subjecting these predictors into a multivariate analysis only the LL, DA, CPR were significant predictors of restoration of SLL. In the lytic listhesis group there was no significant difference between the UISLL and the ISLL patients with respect to ODI and VAS scores. On evaluating the PI-LL values with ODI and VAS, patients with no mismatch (NM) i.e; PI-LL (PI-LL \u0026lt; 9\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003e) had better outcomes (P value\u0026lt;0.05) (Table 2).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eTable 2- Multivariate Analysis of lytic spondylolisthesis group\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 171px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExp(B)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% C.I.for EXP(B)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSig.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLower\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUpper\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 171px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDisc angle (DA)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 171px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLumbar lordosis (LL)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 171px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCentral position ratio (CPR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eDegenerative Listhesis:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the degenerative group, there were 24 patients in the UISLL and 17 patients in the ISLL group. Among the pre-operative and intraoperative parameters analysed only the grade of spondylolisthesis or SP was a significant predictor of restoration of SLL (Table 3). Also among the demographic parameters, age was a significant predictor of SLL restoration (younger age patients had better SLL in the post -operative period when compared to older patients). There was no significant difference between the groups (UISLL and ISLL) with respect to the functional outcome measures like VAS and ODI. However, similar to the lytic group, patients with no mismatch (NM) \u0026nbsp;i.e. PI-LL (PI-LL \u0026lt; 9\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003e) had better functional outcomes (P value\u0026lt;0.05)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eTable 3- Univariate analysis of predictive factors in degenerative spondylolisthesis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026Delta;SLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStd. Deviation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStd. Error Mean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLumbar lordosis (LL)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSegmental lumbar lordosis (SLL)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDisc angle(DA)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnterior disc height (ADH)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePosterior disc height (PDH)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpondylolisthesis percentage (SP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePelvic incidence (PI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e106.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSacral slope (SS)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePelvic tilt (PT)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003edisc height restoration rate (DHRR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003espondylolisthesis reduction rate (SRR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePI-LL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRod curvature(RC)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ecentral position ratio (CPR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eLytic + Degenerative (Combined Analysis):\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmong the 74 patients, 46 patients had UISLL and 28 patients had ISLL. Age and sex were not significant predictors of SLL restoration. On univariate analysis; LL, DA, ADH, PDH, PT, CPR were significant predictors of SLL restoration (Table 4). After subjecting these parameters to a multivariate analysis model; only LL, DA and CPR were significant predictive parameters for SLL restoration in listhesis patients. There was no significant difference between the UISLL and ISLL patients with respect to VAS and ODI. Patients with PI-LL \u0026lt;9\u003csup\u003e0\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003ehad better VAS and ODI scores in the post -operative period (P\u0026lt;0.05).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eTable 4- univariate analysis of predictive factors in combined lytic and degenerative listhesis groups\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026Delta;SLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStd. Deviation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStd. Error Mean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLumbar lordosis (LL)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSegmental lumbar lordosis (SLL)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDisc angle (DA)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnterior disc height (ADH)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePosterior disc height (PDH)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpondylolisthesis percentage (SP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePelvic incidence (PI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSacral slope (SS)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePelvic tilt (PT)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDISC HEIGHT RESTORATION RATE (DHRR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSPONDYLOLISTHESIS REDUCTION RATE (SRR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePI-LL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eROD CURVATURE (RC)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 143px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCENTRAL POSITION RATIO (CPR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ePI- LL Based Analysis:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe also analysed our data by dividing the patients into two groups: NM (PI-LL\u0026lt;9\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003e) and M (PI-LL\u0026gt;9\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003e). Age and sex of the patient were not significant predictors of a good PI-LL (NM) in the post -operative period. DA, ADH, SP, DHRR were significant predictors of a good PI-LL (NM) on an univariate analysis (Table 5). However, on multivariate analysis only DHRR was the significant predictor for restoring a good PI-LL.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eTable 5- univariate Analysis of predictive factors for nonmismatch PI-LL\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePI-LL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStd. Deviation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStd. Error Mean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eP-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLumbar lordosis (LL)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Segmental lumbar lordosis (SLL)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDisc angle (DA)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnterior disc height (ADH)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePosterior disc height (PDH)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePelvic incidence (PI)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSacral slope (SS)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePelvic tilt (PT)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpondylolisthesis percentage(SP)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDISC HEIGHT RESTORATION RATE (DHRR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSPONDYLOLISTHESIS REDUCTION RATE (SRR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRod curvature (RC)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 137px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCENTRAL POSITION RATIO (CPR)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 62px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 71px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 63px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"DISCUSSION","content":"\u003cp\u003eThere are many studies that highlights the positive impact of restoring SLL and sagittal balance on the clinical prognosis of spondylolisthesis following interbody fusion[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e]. Kuhta et al[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e] did a study to determine whether obtaining adequate LL or SLL during TLIF for one-level degenerative spondylolisthesis affects clinical outcome. The study was on 57 patients and found out that failure to restore SLL resulted in anterior displacement of the center of gravity, resulting in unfavourable postoperative clinical outcomes. Radovanovic et al[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e] conducted a study among 84 patients to determine the association between postoperative sagittal spinopelvic alignment and clinical outcome following LFS for degenerative spondylolisthesis. The authors concluded that clinical outcome is influenced by the patient\u0026rsquo;s postoperative sagittal balance. Aoki[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]et al studied the influence of PI-LL mismatch on surgical outcomes for short-segment TLIF surgery. They found out that PI-LL mismatch influences post-operative residual symptoms, such as low back pain, lower extremity pain and numbness. In our study, all the patients exhibited significant improvements in the clinical outcome with respect to VAS and ODI scores. However, we could not establish any significant statistical difference between the ISLL and UISLL groups. But similar to the findings of Aoki et al, we found that \u0026lsquo;Non Mismatch PI-LL\u0026rsquo; i.e PI-LL\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;9\u003csup\u003e0\u003c/sup\u003e was important to achieve good functional outcome. So decompression of the involved neural structures and stabilization of affected segments by restoring sagittal balance is rather more important to reduce pain and to improve functional outcome after LFS.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e- Univariate analysis of predictive factors in degenerative spondylolisthesis\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003ePre‑op radiographic features and restoration of SLL and sagittal balance.\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThere are studies in the past that describe the impact of pre-op spinal and pelvic parameters on radiographic outcomes in LFS. Crawford et al[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e] conducted a retrospective cohort study to find out the predictors of SLL following TLIF in 61 patients. Multivariate regression analysis showed that preoperative SLL was the only factor which is associated with change in SLL. C Berlin et al[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e] conducted a retrospective study in 121 patients (both isthmic and degenerative) and found that preoperative SLL at L4/5 level was able to predict SLL correction achievable by TLIF surgery. Alahmari et al[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e] conducted retrospective cohort study and found out that preoperative DA is an independent predictor of SLL correction after TLIF surgery. They concluded that patients who have a kyphotic DA preoperatively, gain more lordosis with interbody cage use. Unfortunately there exist much difference in the findings between each study due to different type of spondylolisthesis, different surgical levels, and variations in the number of fused segments. Many of these studies have not taken into consideration the pelvic parameters without which the evaluation is very much incomplete. This difference may, to some extent, compromise the acceptance of the results obtained from these studies.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn our study, following the meticulous matching of the involved patients, it became evident that, only LL and DA are radiographic predictive parameters for ISLL after multivariate analysis in entire cohort and also in lytic group. SP was the only predictive factor, noticed in degenerative group for restoration of SLL. It is also evident that, after multivariate analysis, none of the pelvic parameters became an independent predictive factor for restoration of SLL in any group. Instead of SLL, preop LL was found to be an independent factor for SLL restoration which is in contrary to many of the previous studies. This indicates that, the patients with lower pre-op LL and DA possessed a higher propensity for radiographic improvement after surgery.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eIntraoperative surgical interventions and restoration of SLL and sagittal balance\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eStudies in the past have shown that, in addition to radiographic factors, surgical interventions also plays a crucial role for ISLL and NM PI-LL. D Wang et al[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e] conducted a retrospective study on assessing the radiographic and surgery-related predictive factors that increases SLL following LFS in 192 patients with degenerative spondylolisthesis. They found out that along with Pre-op SLL, cage position and SRR are significant predictors of SLL restoration after fusion surgery in degenerative spondylolisthesis. Emiliano et al[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e] conducted a retrospective study to find out the correlation between cage positioning and LL in single level TLIF surgery. They concluded that TLIF with anterior cages has better radiographic outcomes regarding LL and SLL compared with posterior devices in spinal fusion surgeries. Haan et al[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e] retrospectively studied on the association between RC and postoperative outcomes in 97 patients undergoing posterior LFS. They confirmed that intraoperative rod contouring procedure had a significant impact on clinical outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn our study, among the surgical factors which help in restoration of SLL, the position of the cage indicated by the CPR was the only significant predictive parameter for SLL restoration in listhesis patients (lytic\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;degenerative). For restoring an ideal PI-LL, only DHRR was found out to be a significant predictor. In our degenerative listhesis group analysis, only age and spondylolisthesis percentage were significant predictors for SLL restoration. This finding can be explained by the natural history of degenerative listhesis which shows more collapse of the disc space with ageing of the individual, therefore the good restoration of SLL in aged individuals. The findings from our study highlights the importance of using an appropriately sized cage and positioning it well anterior within the disc space for successful restoration of SLL which in turn restores a good LL and prevents PI-LL mismatch for favourable outcomes in single level lumbar fusion surgeries.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs a retrospective cohort study, our study had only a relatively small sample size and a limited follow up duration. To validate our findings, future prospective longitudinal studies with larger sample size and longer follow up is required. Also it is important to note that all patients underwent surgery with a similar bullet type of cage, therefore reasonable comparison with other types of cages and their contribution towards SLL restoration could not be assessed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"CONCLUSIONS","content":"\u003cp\u003ePreop LL, DA and intraoperative cage position emerged as significant predictive factors for restoration of SLL and sagittal balance post-surgery. Surgeons are encouraged to place the cage more anteriorly, with efforts to restore disc height as much as possible to maximise the restoration of SLL and to attain a good PI-LL.\u003c/p\u003e "},{"header":"Abbreviations","content":"\u003cp\u003eSLL- Segmental Lumbar Lordosis\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTLIF- Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDA- Disc Angle\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLL- Lumbar Lordosis\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eADH/PDH- Anterior/Posterior Disc Height\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSP- Spondylolisthesis Percentage\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePI- Pelvic Incidence\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePT- Pelvic Tilt\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSS- Sacral Slope\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSRR- Spondylolisthesis Reduction Rate\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRC- Rod Contouring\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDHRR- Disc Height Restoration Rate\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eISLL- Increased Segmental Lumbar Lordosis\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUISLL- Unincreased Segmental Lumbar Lordosis\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eODI- Oswestry Disability Index\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVAS- Visual Analogue Scale\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCPR- Central Point Ratio\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDATA AVAILABILITY\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter obtaining ethical clearance from the institutional review board of st johns medical college, Bangalore with reference number (IRB:TH-136/2023); we conducted a single-centre, retrospective cohort study on 74 patients who underwent single level TLIF surgery at our institution between August 2020 and July 2022. Our study was in adherence to Helsinki declaration. Consent to participate was waived by the institutional review board..\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCONSENT FOR PUBLICATION\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable for this study\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFUNDING\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSELF FUNDED RESEARCH STUDY BY THE AUTHORS. NO OTHER EXTERNALFUNDING AGENCY INVOLVED.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAUTHORS\u0026apos; CONTRIBUTIONS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e(to be ticked marked as applicable)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 520px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCONTRIBUTORS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eConcepts\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDesign\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDefinition of Intellectual content\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiterature search\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClinical studies\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExperimental studies\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eData acquisition\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eData analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStastical analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eManuscript preparation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eManuscript editing\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eManuscript review\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGuarantor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e✓\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 48px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eACKNOWLEDGEMENTS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eI extend my deepest gratitude to my CO-PI, Dr. Ankith N V, for his unwavering support and insightful critiques throughout my research journey. His deep commitment to academic excellence and feedback and essential suggestions \u0026nbsp;enhanced the quality of my work. My appreciation also goes to the faculty and staff in the Department of Orthopaedics, St Johns medical college Bangalore, whose resources and assistance have been invaluable. I would also like to acknowledge my colleagues, who \u0026nbsp;inspired me throughout my academic journey. Their collective wisdom and encouragement have been a cornerstone of my research experience. Finally, my sincere thanks to the patients, theatre and technical staff whose patience and readiness to assist at all times have left a profound impact on the completion of my project.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCONFLICTING INTEREST: \u0026nbsp; NIL\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: \u0026nbsp;NOT APPLICABLE\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGallagher B, Moatz B, Tortolani PJ. Classifications in Spondylolisthesis. Seminars in Spine Surgery [Internet]. 2020 Sep [cited 2025 Jan 31];32(3):100802. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1040738320300198\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChan AK, Sharma V, Robinson LC, Mummaneni PV. Summary of Guidelines for the Treatment of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2019 Jul;30(3):353\u0026ndash;64. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBourghli A, Aunoble S, Reebye O, Le Huec JC. Correlation of clinical outcome and spinopelvic sagittal alignment after surgical treatment of low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2011 Sep [cited 2025 Jan 31];20(S5):663\u0026ndash;8. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-011-1934-z\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHackenberg L, Halm H, Bullmann V, Vieth V, Schneider M, Liljenqvist U. Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion: a safe technique with satisfactory three to five year results. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2005 Aug [cited 2025 Feb 1];14(6):551\u0026ndash;8. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-004-0830-1\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTebet MA. Current concepts on the sagittal balance and classification of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia (English Edition) [Internet]. 2014 Jan [cited 2025 Jan 31];49(1):3\u0026ndash;12. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2255497114000263\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAoki Y, Nakajima A, Takahashi H, Sonobe M, Terajima F, Saito M, et al. Influence of pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch on surgical outcomes of short-segment transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. BMC Musculoskelet Disord [Internet]. 2015 Dec [cited 2025 Jan 31];16(1):213. Available from: http://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12891-015-0676-1\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChen HF, Zhao CQ. Pelvic incidence variation among individuals: functional influence versus genetic determinism. J Orthop Surg Res [Internet]. 2018 Dec [cited 2025 Jan 31];13(1):59. Available from: https://josr-online.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13018-018-0762-9\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchwab F, Patel A, Ungar B, Farcy JP, Lafage V. Adult Spinal Deformity\u0026mdash;Postoperative Standing Imbalance: How Much Can You Tolerate? An Overview of Key Parameters in Assessing Alignment and Planning Corrective Surgery. Spine [Internet]. 2010 Dec [cited 2025 Jan 31];35(25):2224\u0026ndash;31. Available from: http://journals.lww.com/00007632-201012010-00010\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWang D, Chen X, Han D, Wang W, Kong C, Lu S. Radiographic and surgery-related predictive factors for increased segmental lumbar lordosis following lumbar fusion surgery in patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2024 Jul [cited 2025 Jan 31];33(7):2813\u0026ndash;23. Available from: https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-024-08248-z\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDiebo BG, Balmaceno-Criss M, Lafage R, McDonald CL, Alsoof D, Halayqeh S, et al. Sagittal Alignment in the Degenerative Lumbar Spine: Surgical Planning. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [Internet]. 2024 Mar 6 [cited 2025 Jan 31];106(5):445\u0026ndash;57. Available from: https://journals.lww.com/10.2106/JBJS.23.00672\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFarrokhi MR, Eghbal K, Mousavi SR, Moumani M, Bazyari K, Chaurasia B. Comparative Study between Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Posterolateral Fusion for Treatment of Spondylolisthesis: Clinical Outcomes and Spino-Pelvic Sagittal Balance Parameters. Indian Journal of Neurotrauma [Internet]. 2021 Jun [cited 2025 Feb 1];18(01):51\u0026ndash;8. Available from: http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0040-1718781\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKim SH, Hahn BS, Park JY. What Affects Segmental Lordosis of the Surgical Site after Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion? Yonsei Med J [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2025 Feb 1];63(7):665. Available from: https://eymj.org/DOIx.php?id=10.3349/ymj.2022.63.7.665\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLe Huec JC, Aunoble S, Philippe L, Nicolas P. Pelvic parameters: origin and significance. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2011 Sep [cited 2025 Jan 31];20(S5):564\u0026ndash;71. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-011-1940-1\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHan L, Ma H, Li Q, Yuan J, Yang H, Qin Y, et al. The association of rod curvature with postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion for spinal stenosis: a retrospective case-control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2023 May 20;24(1):403. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMobbs RJ, Phan K, Malham G, Seex K, Rao PJ. Lumbar interbody fusion: techniques, indications and comparison of interbody fusion options including PLIF, TLIF, MI-TLIF, OLIF/ATP, LLIF and ALIF. Journal of Spine Surgery. 2015;1(1). \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKim SB, Jeon TS, Heo YM, Lee WS, Yi JW, Kim TK, et al. Radiographic Results of Single Level Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Spine Disease: Focusing on Changes of Segmental Lordosis in Fusion Segment. Clin Orthop Surg [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2025 Mar 25];1(4):207. Available from: https://ecios.org/DOIx.php?id=10.4055/cios.2009.1.4.207\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLazennec JY, Ramar\u0026eacute; S, Arafati N, Laudet CG, Gorin M, Roger B, et al. Sagittal alignment in lumbosacral fusion: relations between radiological parameters and pain. European Spine Journal [Internet]. 2000 Feb 25 [cited 2025 Jan 31];9(1):47\u0026ndash;55. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s005860050008\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKuhta M, Bo\u0026scaron;njak K, Vengust R. Failure to maintain segmental lordosis during TLIF for one-level degenerative spondylolisthesis negatively affects clinical outcome 5 years postoperatively: a prospective cohort of 57 patients. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2019 Apr [cited 2025 Mar 21];28(4):745\u0026ndash;50. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-019-05890-w\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCrawford CH, Epperson TN, Gum JL, Owens RK, Djurasovic M, Glassman SD, et al. Predictors of segmental lumbar lordosis following midline posterior (transforaminal) lumbar interbody fusion: Does interbody device type matter? North American Spine Society Journal (NASSJ) [Internet]. 2022 Sep [cited 2025 Jan 31];11:100145. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2666548422000488\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBerlin C, Zang F, Halm H, Quante M. Preoperative lordosis in L4/5 predicts segmental lordosis correction achievable by transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Eur Spine J [Internet]. 2021 May [cited 2025 Jan 31];30(5):1277\u0026ndash;84. Available from: https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00586-020-06710-2\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlahmari A, Thornley P, Glennie A, Urquhart JC, Al-Jahdali F, Rampersaud R, et al. Preoperative Disc Angle is an Important Predictor of Segmental Lordosis After Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Fusion. Global Spine Journal [Internet]. 2024 Mar [cited 2025 Jan 31];14(2):610\u0026ndash;9. Available from: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/21925682221118845\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVialle EN, Ramos GZ, Hinojosa FL, Guiroy A, Rocha LGDD, Arruda ADO. Correla\u0026ccedil;\u0026atilde;o entre posicionamento do cage e lordose lombar em fus\u0026atilde;o transforaminal minimamente invasiva (TLIF). Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo) [Internet]. 2022 Oct [cited 2025 Jan 31];57(05):821\u0026ndash;7. Available from: http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0042-1756215\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHan L, Ma H, Li Q, Yuan J, Yang H, Qin Y, et al. The association of rod curvature with postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion for spinal stenosis: a retrospective case\u0026ndash;\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-musculoskeletal-disorders","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bmsd","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders](http://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://author-welcome.nature.com/12891","title":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"segmental lumbar lordosis, spinopelvic balance, cage position ratio, predictive factors","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6602867/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6602867/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBACKGROUND\u003c/strong\u003e: This study aimed to assess the preoperative radiographic factors and specific surgical interventions in both degenerative and lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis patients, who underwent single level lumbar fusion surgery, with a focus on evaluating the predictors of postoperative restoration of segmental lumbar lordosis (SLL) and spinopelvic balance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMETHODS\u003c/strong\u003e: A single-centre, Retrospective cohort study, study on 74 patients with degenerative and lytic lumbar spondylolisthesis who underwent single level TLIF surgery between August 2020 and July 2022 with a minimum follow up of 1 year. Radiographic measures included disc angle(DA), SLL, lumbar lordosis(LL), anterior/posterior disc height(ADH/PDH), spondylolisthesis percentage(SP) and pelvic parameters like PI,PT,SS. Surgery-related measures included cage position, spondylolisthesis reduction rate, rod contouring and disc height restoration rate(DHRR). For analysis, change in SLL ≥ 8° indicated increased segmental lumbar lordosis(ISLL), and \u0026lt;8° indicated unincreased segmental lumbar lordosis(UISLL).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRESULTS\u003c/strong\u003e: Among the 74 patients, 46 had UISLL and 28 had ISLL. In lytic listhesis group, on multivariate analysis the LL, DA, cage position were significant predictors of restoration of SLL. In degenerative listhesis, age and SP were significant factors. DHRR was the only significant predictor for restoring good PI-LL.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCONCLUSION\u003c/strong\u003e: Preop LL, DA and intraoperative cage position emerged as significant predictive factors. Surgeons should place the cage more anteriorly, with efforts to restore disc height to maximise the restoration of SLL and to attain a good PI-LL.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Radiographic and Surgical Predictive Factors for Restoring Segmental Lumbar Lordosis and Normal Spinopelvic Balance Following Tlif Surgery in Lumbar Spondylolisthesis Patients","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-05-20 09:46:45","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6602867/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-06-04T04:36:53+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-06-03T12:59:57+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"70456170715902674976878777534327445469","date":"2025-05-31T01:37:19+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-05-28T15:05:11+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"270136740214302429409846614394777928119","date":"2025-05-16T06:39:18+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-05-15T06:26:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-05-15T05:15:48+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-05-15T04:14:37+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-05-15T03:49:21+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders","date":"2025-05-15T03:48:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-musculoskeletal-disorders","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bmsd","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders](http://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://author-welcome.nature.com/12891","title":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"de27d7da-357a-4792-b8dc-c98ace719a33","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 20th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-10-13T16:02:20+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-6602867","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08893-5","journal":{"identity":"bmc-musculoskeletal-disorders","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders"},"publishedOn":"2025-10-07 15:58:02","publishedOnDateReadable":"October 7th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-05-20 09:46:45","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12891-025-08893-5","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-025-08893-5","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6602867","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6602867","identity":"rs-6602867","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}