General Analysis of Covert Communication via InformationConcealment in Images

General Analysis of Covert Communication via InformationConcealment in Images | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF survey General Analysis of Covert Communication via InformationConcealment in Images Tuan Hoang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4583821/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Steganography is a technique used to hide the presence of data in digital environments. This article provides in-depth analysis of modern information hiding methods, evaluating their effectiveness through experimental measurements and specific criteria. We explore the robustness and security of various steganography techniques, including digital watermarking and cryptographic methods, to identify the most suitable systems for enhancing steganography. We delve into historical and modern practices, compare spatial and transform domain techniques, and examine the potential of End-of-File (EOF) and Spread Spectrum methods. Additionally, we evaluate and improve the effectiveness of Chi-Square analysis in detecting least significant bit (LSB) modifications. This study highlights the importance of steganography in protecting digital information, highlighting its applications in secure communications, media authentication, and forensic investigation. The study concludes by evaluating cryptanalysis techniques and the impact of symmetric and asymmetric encryption on the effectiveness of steganography. Steganography Spatial Domain Transform Domain EOF Spread spectrum Chi - Square Test Image JPEG LSB Cryptography in image PatchWork Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4583821","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"survey","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":322582305,"identity":"b56e5ef8-32fd-4d3f-8209-094295961b8b","order_by":0,"name":"Tuan Hoang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDADNgkQWQHEzMwNeFXyoGg5cAakhZFILQwgLQfbQCwCWuwlkp89YPhjF80n3WP8+eO82mj+dqCWHxXbcNsikWZuwNiWnNsmc8ZM4uC247kzDjM2MPacuY1HS4KZBGMDc26bRI4Zw8Ftx3IbgFqYGdvwaUn/JsHwpx6kxfjDwTnHcucT1pJjJsHAdhikxUDiYENN7gaCWs68KZNIbDsO1JJWJnHm2IHcjUAtB/H5hb09fZvEhz/VufNnJG/+UFFTlzvv/OGDD35U4NYCBgkI5mEweQC/elRQR4riUTAKRsEoGCEAALpiWLLiOR/JAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tuan","middleName":"","lastName":"Hoang","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-06-14 19:23:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4583821/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4583821/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":76125550,"identity":"4af0c6cb-df90-482e-9c9e-b08b5fa992a0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-12 14:24:41","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":592963,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"GeneralAnalysisofCovertCommunicationviaInformation.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4583821/v1_covered_a7038ceb-25d9-40f4-a2bb-d77dd5302471.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"General Analysis of Covert Communication via InformationConcealment in Images","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Steganography, Spatial Domain, Transform Domain, EOF, Spread spectrum, Chi - Square Test, Image JPEG, LSB, Cryptography in image, PatchWork","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4583821/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4583821/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Steganography is a technique used to hide the presence of data in digital environments. 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