A multiregional study in Shandong Province on the association between maternal history of allergic diseases during pregnancy and the risk of allergic rhinitis in children aged 3--15 years

A multiregional study in Shandong Province on the association between maternal history of allergic diseases during pregnancy and the risk of allergic rhinitis in children aged 3--15 years | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 11 November 2025 V1 Latest version Share on A multiregional study in Shandong Province on the association between maternal history of allergic diseases during pregnancy and the risk of allergic rhinitis in children aged 3--15 years Authors : Xiaowei Sun 0000-0001-7650-6997 [email protected] , Xiangkun Zhao 0009-0003-3226-1002 , Man Gao , Wenxuan Fei , Xin Cui , Xia Xi , and Qingliang Li Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176284808.83981754/v1 135 views 90 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Objective: To investigate the association between maternal history of allergic diseases during pregnancy and the risk of allergic rhinitis (AR) in children aged 3–15 years, clarify the independent effects and potential influencing factors of this association, and provide a theoretical basis for early prevention strategies for childhood AR. Method: Retrospective data were collected from January 2022 to December 2024, including AR assessment data from 1,199 children aged 3–15 years across five regions in Shandong Province: Dezhou (n = 312), Dongying (n = 169), Jinan (n = 288), Liaocheng (n = 168), and Qingdao (n = 166). The cohort was divided into exposed (n = 77) and non-exposed (n = 1,122) groups according to maternal history of allergic diseases during pregnancy. The χ 2 test was used to compare AR prevalence between the two groups. Univariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify potential risk factors for childhood AR. A multivariate binary logistic regression model was then developed to assess the independent association between maternal history of allergic diseases during pregnancy and the onset of childhood AR. Stratified analyses by region and child sex were performed to evaluate the robustness of the findings. The population attributable risk percentage (PAR%) was calculated to estimate the public health impact. Results: The prevalence of AR in the exposed group (83.12%, 64/77) was significantly higher than that in the non-exposed group (72.19%, 809/1,122) (χ 2 = 4.38, P = 0.036). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternal history of allergic diseases during pregnancy (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.12–3.12, P = 0.017), child house dust mite allergy (OR = 3.52, 95% CI: 2.61–4.75, P < 0.001), and family history of allergies (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.68–2.75, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with childhood AR onset. Following adjustment for potential confounding factors in multivariate logistic regression, maternal history of allergic diseases during pregnancy remained an independent risk factor for childhood AR (OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.06–3.02, P = 0.029). Stratified analyses revealed that this association was stronger in Jinan (OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.18–4.68, P = 0.015) and among male children (OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.09–3.38, P = 0.024). The population attributable risk percentage (PAR%) was estimated at 2.13%. Conclusion: Maternal history of allergic diseases during pregnancy is significantly associated with an increased risk of AR in children aged 3–15 years, particularly among male children in Jinan. Clinical practice should prioritize early screening and targeted interventions for AR in children born to mothers with a history of allergic conditions during pregnancy. Supplementary Material File (manuscript.doc) Download 132.50 KB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 11 November 2025 Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Authors Affiliations Xiaowei Sun 0000-0001-7650-6997 [email protected] Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University View all articles by this author Xiangkun Zhao 0009-0003-3226-1002 Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University View all articles by this author Man Gao Dezhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital View all articles by this author Wenxuan Fei Liaocheng Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital View all articles by this author Xin Cui Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital View all articles by this author Xia Xi Dongying District People's Hospital of Dongying City View all articles by this author Qingliang Li Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 135 views 90 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation Xiaowei Sun, Xiangkun Zhao, Man Gao, et al. A multiregional study in Shandong Province on the association between maternal history of allergic diseases during pregnancy and the risk of allergic rhinitis in children aged 3--15 years. Authorea . 11 November 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176284808.83981754/v1 If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download. For more information or tips please see 'Downloading to a citation manager' in the Help menu . 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