Impact of bariatric surgery on cardiac function, 10-year and lifetime arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in patients with obesity: a retrospective study in Chinese population

Background: Obesity contributes to cardiac dysfunction and has an impact on arteriosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Weight loss after bariatric surgery (BS) may not only influence cardiac function, but also ASCVD risk. Very few studies considered the Chinese population. The primary objective was to examine the effect of surgical weight reduction on cardiac function and structure in Chinese subjects with obesity. The secondary objectives was to evaluate the impact of BS on ASCVD risk, employing the Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR) equation. Methods A single-center retrospective analysis of 143 patients with obesity were included in the analysis. According to the follow-up time, the enrolled patients were divided into three groups: 24 months was defined as T3 group (n = 38). The effects of BS on the cardiac function were evaluated by analyzing the echocardiographic parameters. The China-PAR equation was used to calculate ASCVD risk. Assessed the differences in variables before and after surgery. Linear regression analyses were used to find potential determinants associated with an LV function and geometry change. Results After BS, body mass index decreased (39.7 ± 8.0 kg/m 2 to 28.4 ± 6.4 kg/m 2 , P  < 0.001). Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure decreased (152.0 ± 19.9 mmHg to 116.5 ± 13.6 mmHg, P  < 0.001, and 94.1 ± 12.6 mmHg to 76.8 ± 12.2 mmHg, P  < 0.001, respectively). Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) decreased (43.7 ± 16.4 g/m 2.7 to 37.8 ± 13.4 g/m 2.7 , P  < 0.001). The change in LVMI was correlated with the change in BMI (R 2  = 0.14, P  < 0.001). 10-year and lifetime ASCVD risk decreased [3.7% (1.0-11.2) to 0.2% (0.1–0.8), P  < 0.001, and 44.2% (34.5–56.9) to 10.7% (9.0-13.7), P  < 0.001, respectively].