The effect of light quality on the growth characteristics and photosynthetic performance of the Dracocephalum moldavica plant

The effect of light quality on the growth characteristics and photosynthetic performance of the Dracocephalum moldavica plant | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article The effect of light quality on the growth characteristics and photosynthetic performance of the Dracocephalum moldavica plant Hossein Nastari Nasrabadi, Mahboubeh Zamanipour, Mahdi Moradi This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7610660/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Feb, 2026 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Various aspects of light, including intensity, quality, and the period of light irradiation, affect plant growth and development, as well as their response to gas relations. In this study, the effect of different light spectra on growth characteristics, photosynthetic performance, and phenolic content of the D. moldavica plant were investigated. To this end, six light treatments including white light (w), red light (R), blue light (B) and three combined lights (R70B30, R50B50, and R30B70) emitted from LED lamps were used in a completely randomized design with three replications. The results revealed a significant effect of different light spectra on the studied traits at the 5% and 1% levels. The combined light of R70B30 improved plant growth charactristics. The height of plants grown in the red light treatment was the highest compared to other treatments. The highest fresh and dry weights of the shoot were observed in the R70B30 light spectrum, and the lowest in the blue light spectrum. Growth indices decreased with increasing proportions of blue light and improved with increasing proportions of red light. The maximum content of photosynthetic pigments was recorded in the combination of red and blue lights. The highest fluorescence intensity in all stages of the OJIP test was observed with red light, and the lowest fluorescence value was recorded with the combined lights of R50B50 and R70B30. The efficiency of the photosystem II water splitting system (Fv/F0) and the maximum efficiency of the photosystem (F v /F m ) were minimal in the red light treatment. Red light lowered the efficiency index of the system per absorbed light (PI ABS ) and increased the quantum yield of energy loss (ΦD 0 ), the light absorption rate per reaction center (ABS/RC), and the electron capture rate (TR 0 /RC). The highest total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were observed in plants grown under the R70B30 light conditions. The highest essential oil content (2.07% vol/wt) was observed in the R70B30 light environment, showing a 113.4% increase compared to white light. Biological sciences/Physiology Biological sciences/Plant sciences Essential oil photosynthesis light quality D. moldavica Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Feb, 2026 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 02 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 02 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Nov, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 18 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Oct, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 16 Oct, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 26 Sep, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 19 Sep, 2025 First submitted to journal 19 Sep, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7610660","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":537018727,"identity":"989e82f9-441e-451b-80e7-e71080e9b9fe","order_by":0,"name":"Hossein Nastari 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plant","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Essential oil, photosynthesis, light quality, D. moldavica","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7610660/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7610660/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eVarious aspects of light, including intensity, quality, and the period of light irradiation, affect plant growth and development, as well as their response to gas relations. In this study, the effect of different light spectra on growth characteristics, photosynthetic performance, and phenolic content of the \u003cem\u003eD. moldavica\u003c/em\u003e plant were investigated. To this end, six light treatments including white light (w), red light (R), blue light (B) and three combined lights (R70B30, R50B50, and R30B70) emitted from LED lamps were used in a completely randomized design with three replications. The results revealed a significant effect of different light spectra on the studied traits at the 5% and 1% levels. The combined light of R70B30 improved plant growth charactristics. The height of plants grown in the red light treatment was the highest compared to other treatments. The highest fresh and dry weights of the shoot were observed in the R70B30 light spectrum, and the lowest in the blue light spectrum. Growth indices decreased with increasing proportions of blue light and improved with increasing proportions of red light. The maximum content of photosynthetic pigments was recorded in the combination of red and blue lights. The highest fluorescence intensity in all stages of the OJIP test was observed with red light, and the lowest fluorescence value was recorded with the combined lights of R50B50 and R70B30. The efficiency of the photosystem II water splitting system (Fv/F0) and the maximum efficiency of the photosystem (F\u003csub\u003ev\u003c/sub\u003e/F\u003csub\u003em\u003c/sub\u003e) were minimal in the red light treatment. Red light lowered the efficiency index of the system per absorbed light (PI\u003csub\u003eABS\u003c/sub\u003e) and increased the quantum yield of energy loss (ΦD\u003csub\u003e0\u003c/sub\u003e), the light absorption rate per reaction center (ABS/RC), and the electron capture rate (TR\u003csub\u003e0\u003c/sub\u003e/RC). The highest total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity were observed in plants grown under the R70B30 light conditions. The highest essential oil content (2.07% vol/wt) was observed in the R70B30 light environment, showing a 113.4% increase compared to white light.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"The effect of light quality on the growth characteristics and photosynthetic performance of the Dracocephalum moldavica plant","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-30 11:05:16","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7610660/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-12-02T13:47:48+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-12-02T08:55:29+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"119874233188861424474528075393822438963","date":"2025-11-16T07:45:05+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"24067222193859990849640335734283383575","date":"2025-11-16T00:35:58+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-10-18T06:13:59+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"249290311149793417152979787796318061110","date":"2025-10-16T14:08:21+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-10-16T11:56:21+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-09-26T16:44:24+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-09-19T10:17:03+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2025-09-19T10:10:53+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ef52c840-10e2-4f7a-b0d4-46736cd97888","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 30th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":57107715,"name":"Biological sciences/Physiology"},{"id":57107716,"name":"Biological sciences/Plant sciences"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-02-09T16:05:13+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7610660","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-37845-9","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2026-02-03 15:57:38","publishedOnDateReadable":"February 3rd, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-30 11:05:16","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-026-37845-9","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-37845-9","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7610660","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7610660","identity":"rs-7610660","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}