Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Treatment Zone Area after Overnight Orthokeratology Lens Wearing

Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Treatment Zone Area after Overnight Orthokeratology Lens Wearing | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Treatment Zone Area after Overnight Orthokeratology Lens Wearing Xinda Li, Yue Xin, Jingjing Zong, Lijun Zhang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8573859/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Purpose To validate the agreement between R language (R) and MATLAB for measuring orthokeratology (OK) lens treatment zone parameters, and identify the influencing factors of the treatment zone area (TZA). Methods A retrospective study included 239 children (7–16 years) who wore OK lenses continuously for 12 months. Two OK lens designs were used: 1) Vision Shaping Treatment (VST) lenses, with back optic (BC) zone diameters of 5.5 mm or 6.0 mm; 2) Corneal Refractive Therapy (CRT) lenses, with BC zone diameters of 5.0 mm or 6.0 mm. Patients were divided into four groups based on lens design and BC zone diameter: VST-S (5.5 mm, n = 61), VST-L (6.0 mm, n = 66), CRT-S (5.0 mm, n = 59), and CRT-L (6.0 mm, n = 53). Treatment zone parameters were quantified using R and MATLAB. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were applied to explore factors influencing TZA. Results R and MATLAB showed high agreement in measuring treatment zone parameters: Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.993 for treatment zone decentration (TZD) and 0.991 for TZA; intraclass correlation coefficient values were 0.986 for TZD and 0.983 for TZA. Post hoc comparisons revealed VST-L group had significantly larger TZA than the other three groups (all P < 0.001); TZA of VST-L group was significantly larger than that of CRT-L group (U = 719.000, P < 0.001). Lens design, BC zone diameter, preoperative p value, corneal mean keratometry change (Δkm), and p value change (Δp) were independent predictors of TZA ( R ² = 0.629), with Δkm showing the strongest correlation ( ρ = 0.623). Conclusion R is reliable for measurement of treatment zone parameters, with results consistent with MATLAB. Dynamic corneal remodeling parameters (Δkm, Δp) and static factors (lens design, BC zone diameter, preoperative p) jointly regulate TZA. These findings provide guidance for personalized OK lens fitting to optimize myopia control by regulating TZA. Orthokeratology Treatment Zone Myopia Factor Vision Shaping Treatment Corneal Refractive Therapy Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8573859","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":585900162,"identity":"0c48fca4-021d-497e-a66e-9ca6ea61e807","order_by":0,"name":"Xinda Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The Third People's Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xinda","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":585900163,"identity":"9307c769-740c-4618-972d-d08dc2a70042","order_by":1,"name":"Yue Xin","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The Third People's Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yue","middleName":"","lastName":"Xin","suffix":""},{"id":585900164,"identity":"4d294be0-56bf-4137-9d87-554027eb490d","order_by":2,"name":"Jingjing Zong","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The Third People's Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jingjing","middleName":"","lastName":"Zong","suffix":""},{"id":585900165,"identity":"3db5f71e-9ff2-45c4-adf3-3cef1f6f16ab","order_by":3,"name":"Lijun Zhang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA/ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACA2aGBCB1AMw58PGfhBwbe/sBorUwHpzBZmPMx3MmAb8WCAXWwnyYhy0tcZ6EgwF+LewMz6QL/tyRN+dfY3CYh+dwepsE0N4fFdvwOSxNegbPM8OdM94YHJwjcTi3TbrxAGPPmdv4tfBIHGbccOPshgNvDIBaZA4kMDO2EdJicNgerIUn4XA6m0SCARFaEg4nbjjfu+Egz4G0BGK0JFvzHDicvOEG/4eDMxtsDNuAgXwQn1/s+88k3ub5c9h2w/ljyR8+NkjIy7e3H3zwowK3FgYGngQILZGAEDuARz0QsEPl+QmoGwWjYBSMgpELAOkXX3kNasWrAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"The Third People's Hospital of Dalian University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lijun","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-01-11 13:38:18","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8573859/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8573859/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":103713359,"identity":"4e98c802-8428-46f6-ba9f-0347a79d12e4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-02 04:40:05","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":752719,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"BMCR20260113lxd.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8573859/v1_covered_64a0dd96-499c-4d1b-b688-29464586cc8e.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Treatment Zone Area after Overnight Orthokeratology Lens Wearing","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Orthokeratology, Treatment Zone, Myopia, Factor, Vision Shaping Treatment, Corneal Refractive Therapy","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8573859/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8573859/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003ePurpose\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo validate the agreement between R language (R) and MATLAB for measuring orthokeratology (OK) lens treatment zone parameters, and identify the influencing factors of the treatment zone area (TZA).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA retrospective study included 239 children (7\u0026ndash;16 years) who wore OK lenses continuously for 12 months. Two OK lens designs were used: 1) Vision Shaping Treatment (VST) lenses, with back optic (BC) zone diameters of 5.5 mm or 6.0 mm; 2) Corneal Refractive Therapy (CRT) lenses, with BC zone diameters of 5.0 mm or 6.0 mm. Patients were divided into four groups based on lens design and BC zone diameter: VST-S (5.5 mm, n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;61), VST-L (6.0 mm, n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;66), CRT-S (5.0 mm, n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;59), and CRT-L (6.0 mm, n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;53). Treatment zone parameters were quantified using R and MATLAB. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were applied to explore factors influencing TZA.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e R and MATLAB showed high agreement in measuring treatment zone parameters: Cronbach\u0026rsquo;s alpha values were 0.993 for treatment zone decentration (TZD) and 0.991 for TZA; intraclass correlation coefficient values were 0.986 for TZD and 0.983 for TZA. Post hoc comparisons revealed VST-L group had significantly larger TZA than the other three groups (all \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001); TZA of VST-L group was significantly larger than that of CRT-L group (U\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;719.000, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001). Lens design, BC zone diameter, preoperative p value, corneal mean keratometry change (Δkm), and p value change (Δp) were independent predictors of TZA (\u003cem\u003eR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026sup2; = 0.629), with Δkm showing the strongest correlation (\u003cem\u003eρ\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.623).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eR is reliable for measurement of treatment zone parameters, with results consistent with MATLAB. Dynamic corneal remodeling parameters (Δkm, Δp) and static factors (lens design, BC zone diameter, preoperative p) jointly regulate TZA. These findings provide guidance for personalized OK lens fitting to optimize myopia control by regulating TZA.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Analysis of the Factors Influencing the Treatment Zone Area after Overnight Orthokeratology Lens Wearing","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-02-07 03:09:58","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8573859/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"49eac367-fba0-42ce-8ede-5083c3c08972","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 7th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-02T04:39:55+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-02-07 03:09:58","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8573859","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8573859","identity":"rs-8573859","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}