Suppressing Virtual Magnetic Field Noise and Enhancing Spin Coherence in Hybrid Optical Pumping Atomic Magnetometers

Suppressing Virtual Magnetic Field Noise and Enhancing Spin Coherence in Hybrid Optical Pumping Atomic Magnetometers | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Suppressing Virtual Magnetic Field Noise and Enhancing Spin Coherence in Hybrid Optical Pumping Atomic Magnetometers Faming Wang, Xiujie Fang, Yueyang Zhai, Zhuo Wang, Zihan Ling, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8519038/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A hybrid optical pumping method employing a broad linewidth laser is proposed to enhance spin coherence and suppress virtual magnetic field noise in atomic magnetometers. The central frequency of broad linewidth laser is tuned to the resonance peak of the alkali-metal atoms D1 line. Its multiple frequency components suppress AC-Stark shift fluctuations caused by pumping laser frequency variations, thereby reducing virtual magnetic field noise. In addition, these components decrease the average optical absorption cross-section, improving the uniformity of atomic spin polarization, further enhancing spin coherence and extending transverse relaxation time. Experimental results show that, compared with narrow linewidth pumping, the proposed method suppresses virtual magnetic field noise by 17.95% to 34.50%, and increases the magnetometer response by 1.62% to 30.31% at 5 Hz. The optimal and average sensitivities are improved to 0.052 fT/Hz 1/2 and 0.212 fT/Hz 1/2 (1–20 Hz), corresponding to increases of 8.77% and 50.93%, respectively. SERF atomic magnetometer Hybrid optical pumping Virtual magnetic field noise suppression Broad linewidth laser Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 09 Mar, 2026 Reviews received at journal 09 Mar, 2026 Reviews received at journal 16 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 11 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 27 Jan, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 12 Jan, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 05 Jan, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 05 Jan, 2026 First submitted to journal 05 Jan, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8519038","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":573321340,"identity":"9d971141-ccb4-481c-90db-8b87a975a81a","order_by":0,"name":"Faming Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Beihang University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Faming","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":573321342,"identity":"36301a95-5871-4b33-867f-2eacf82c85d9","order_by":1,"name":"Xiujie 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Magnetometers","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"epj-quantum-technology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"epjq","sideBox":"Learn more about [EPJ Quantum Technology](http://epjquantumtechnology.springeropen.com)","snPcode":"40507","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/40507/3","title":"EPJ Quantum Technology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"SERF atomic magnetometer, Hybrid optical pumping, Virtual magnetic field noise suppression, Broad linewidth laser","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8519038/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8519038/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eA hybrid optical pumping method employing a broad linewidth laser is proposed to enhance spin coherence and suppress virtual magnetic field noise in atomic magnetometers. The central frequency of broad linewidth laser is tuned to the resonance peak of the alkali-metal atoms D1 line. Its multiple frequency components suppress AC-Stark shift fluctuations caused by pumping laser frequency variations, thereby reducing virtual magnetic field noise. In addition, these components decrease the average optical absorption cross-section, improving the uniformity of atomic spin polarization, further enhancing spin coherence and extending transverse relaxation time. Experimental results show that, compared with narrow linewidth pumping, the proposed method suppresses virtual magnetic field noise by 17.95% to 34.50%, and increases the magnetometer response by 1.62% to 30.31% at 5 Hz. 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