Left Bundle Branch Area Pacing in Transthyretin Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Narrative Review

Background: Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CM) is frequently associated with conduction disease requiring pacing. Conventional right ventricular pacing may worsen cardiac function, whereas left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) aims to preserve physiological activation. Evidence for LBBAP in ATTR-CM remains limited. Methods: A structured narrative review of PubMed and Google Scholar was performed through November 2025 using predefined terms related to LBBAP and ATTR-CM. Peer-reviewed articles, case reports, case series, and relevant abstracts were included. Studies exclusively on light-chain cardiac amyloidosis were excluded. Results: Ten publications met inclusion criteria, comprising three case reports, five case series, one retrospective cohort without a comparator, and one cohort comparing LBBAP with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). In total, 56 patients with ATTR-CM underwent LBBAP. Implantation success was high, with stable acute and mid-term electrical parameters. Follow-up (typically 3–12 months) showed stable electrical parameters with narrow paced QRS complexes and preserved or improved left ventricular ejection fraction in most reports. Symptomatic improvement and reductions in natriuretic peptides were variably described. No major lead-related complications were reported. Comparative data remain sparse and inconclusive. Conclusions: This review suggests that LBBAP is a feasible and safe pacing approach in patients with ATTR-CM and may help stabilize or improve heart failure symptoms. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm its clinical effectiveness.