Non-Reciprocity in Photon Polarization based on direction of polarizer under Gravitational Fields

Non-Reciprocity in Photon Polarization based on direction of polarizer under Gravitational Fields | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Non-Reciprocity in Photon Polarization based on direction of polarizer under Gravitational Fields Doyeol Ahn, Hansol Noh, Paul Alsing, Warner Miller This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4218299/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Unification of gravity with quantum mechanics is still a terra incognita. Photon polarization measurements shed light in this quest, offering a unique perspective on the coexistence of these fundamental forces. We have revealed that non-reciprocity in the photon polarization angle can arise by tailoring the quantization axis, which corresponds to the direction of polarizer. Thanks to this non-reciprocity, the measured polarization angle along the quantization axis can become ten times larger than that of gravitationally induced frame rotation in both near-Earth and black hole environments. To verify this finding, we propose an astronomical interferometer composed of satellites with the tailored quantization axis, challenging the prevailing view of their triviality in closed paths of a photon. Notably, this non-reciprocity can extend to any additional rotation irrespective to the origin including non-relativistic rotation, quantum gravity, and the violation of Einstein equivalence principle. Our finding could offer new opportunities for testing fundamental principles in physics. Physical sciences/Physics/Quantum physics/Quantum information Physical sciences/Physics/Astronomy and astrophysics/General relativity and gravity Physical sciences/Physics/Quantum physics/Theoretical physics Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SINatureComm.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 02 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 01 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 19 May, 2024 Reviews received at journal 17 Apr, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 17 Apr, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 17 Apr, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 17 Apr, 2024 Editor invited by journal 14 Apr, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 14 Apr, 2024 First submitted to journal 04 Apr, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4218299","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":290957576,"identity":"cb43407b-4a2b-4044-b967-19c0035595c8","order_by":0,"name":"Doyeol Ahn","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAArklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCAzwMDB+gbMYGYrUwziBZCzMPSVr4jp899ti2zcaegf3wA8aZe4jQInkmL904ty0tsYEnzYBxwzMitBgcyDGTzm07nMDAkMPA+OAAMVrOvzGTtmw7bM/A/4ZYLTeAtjC2HWZskADasoEYLZI33phJ9pxLS2yTeGZwcAYxWvjO55hJ/CizsefnT374sIcYLXDABsQkaRgFo2AUjIJRgAcAAMfANUbJGhUlAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"University of Seoul","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Doyeol","middleName":"","lastName":"Ahn","suffix":""},{"id":290957577,"identity":"b731cd8b-28d3-4db9-b345-c7ec6edac704","order_by":1,"name":"Hansol Noh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Seoul","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hansol","middleName":"","lastName":"Noh","suffix":""},{"id":290957578,"identity":"38802f86-1de6-40af-b286-0f11a98fc935","order_by":2,"name":"Paul Alsing","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"AFRL/RITA","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Paul","middleName":"","lastName":"Alsing","suffix":""},{"id":290957579,"identity":"f233c51a-6f2e-42f5-85ca-d356c464e63a","order_by":3,"name":"Warner Miller","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Florida Atlantic University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Warner","middleName":"","lastName":"Miller","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-04-04 13:45:50","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4218299/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4218299/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-71203-x","type":"published","date":"2024-09-05T16:05:37+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":64185935,"identity":"2e653da9-1013-4ad6-9515-895d5ea8f2fd","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-09 16:22:58","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":916462,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"RevisedManuscirptHSNNatureComm.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4218299/v1_covered_3c39d21b-bdbe-4d47-aeb6-8ff7c9905355.pdf"},{"id":54858015,"identity":"34033c71-279d-4b4d-a708-1f9f5a10851d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-17 18:31:49","extension":"docx","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":882993,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SINatureComm.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4218299/v1/de312ee67ab6e8d6909c9810.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Non-Reciprocity in Photon Polarization based on direction of polarizer under Gravitational Fields","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4218299/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4218299/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eUnification of gravity with quantum mechanics is still a terra incognita. 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