Real-time non-invasive monitoring of pulmonary embolism based on dynamic EIT technology: a new method

Real-time non-invasive monitoring of pulmonary embolism based on dynamic EIT technology: a new method | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Real-time non-invasive monitoring of pulmonary embolism based on dynamic EIT technology: a new method Junyao Li, Mingxu Zhu, Weichen Li, Yitong Guo, Yu Wang, Weice Wang, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4586260/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background The assessment and monitoring of pulmonary embolism is a key factor in guiding the treatment of critically ill patients. To date, bedside methods used clinically to estimate the physiological correlates of pulmonary embolism (pulmonary blood flow perfusion) are often unreliable or require invasive testing. The aim of this study was to explore a new method for assessing pulmonary embolism detection and non-invasive real-time monitoring based on a high-performance electrical impedance tomography system that acquires imaging of pulmonary blood flow pulsation signals. Methods An anaesthetised porcine model (N = 12) was selected for a before-and-after self-control experiment, and the pulmonary perfusion changes induced before and after pulmonary embolism (artificially induced) were continuously monitored by the vascular pulsatility method (VPM), from which the amplitude, maximal slope (both positive and negative), and waveform area were extracted as indicators for assessing the status of the local pulmonary perfusion. In addition, the degree of ventilation-perfusion matching of the lungs was assessed in conjunction with the analysis of lung ventilation areas. A conventional invasive hypertonic saline (5 ml of 10% NaCl) imaging technique was used as a control to assess the actual pulmonary embolism. Results Areas of perfusion defects before and after embolisation by the vascular pulsatile method showed a high degree of concordance with hypertonic saline in terms of images and indices. All pulmonary blood flow pulsatility indices were significantly reduced in the embolised region relative to the pre-embolisation period, with the most significant changes in waveform area and amplitude during the end-expiratory pause ( P < 0.001 ). Ventilation blood flow matching indices extracted in combination with regional ventilation also showed significant differences, with the most significant changes in ventilation blood flow matching% and deadspace ventilation fraction% ( P < 0.001 ). Conclusions Vascular beat-based EIT imaging methods can be used to assess characteristic changes in pulmonary perfusion before and after embolisation, and this approach is expected to provide new ideas for non-invasive bedside monitoring of pulmonary embolism. Electrical impedance tomography Pulmonary embolism Pulmonary perfusion Vascular pulsatility method Hypertonic saline contrast technique Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4586260","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":320817091,"identity":"cc3d9685-f3e9-42e6-a70b-1c960c43f579","order_by":0,"name":"Junyao Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Air Force Medical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Junyao","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":320817092,"identity":"43a41476-df06-48f4-98f3-b2197282249d","order_by":1,"name":"Mingxu Zhu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Air Force Medical 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Hypertonic saline contrast technique","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4586260/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4586260/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe assessment and monitoring of pulmonary embolism is a key factor in guiding the treatment of critically ill patients. To date, bedside methods used clinically to estimate the physiological correlates of pulmonary embolism (pulmonary blood flow perfusion) are often unreliable or require invasive testing. The aim of this study was to explore a new method for assessing pulmonary embolism detection and non-invasive real-time monitoring based on a high-performance electrical impedance tomography system that acquires imaging of pulmonary blood flow pulsation signals.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAn anaesthetised porcine model (N\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;12) was selected for a before-and-after self-control experiment, and the pulmonary perfusion changes induced before and after pulmonary embolism (artificially induced) were continuously monitored by the vascular pulsatility method (VPM), from which the amplitude, maximal slope (both positive and negative), and waveform area were extracted as indicators for assessing the status of the local pulmonary perfusion. In addition, the degree of ventilation-perfusion matching of the lungs was assessed in conjunction with the analysis of lung ventilation areas. A conventional invasive hypertonic saline (5 ml of 10% NaCl) imaging technique was used as a control to assess the actual pulmonary embolism.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAreas of perfusion defects before and after embolisation by the vascular pulsatile method showed a high degree of concordance with hypertonic saline in terms of images and indices. All pulmonary blood flow pulsatility indices were significantly reduced in the embolised region relative to the pre-embolisation period, with the most significant changes in waveform area and amplitude during the end-expiratory pause (\u003cem\u003eP\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/em\u003e). Ventilation blood flow matching indices extracted in combination with regional ventilation also showed significant differences, with the most significant changes in ventilation blood flow matching% and deadspace ventilation fraction% (\u003cem\u003eP\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001\u003c/em\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eVascular beat-based EIT imaging methods can be used to assess characteristic changes in pulmonary perfusion before and after embolisation, and this approach is expected to provide new ideas for non-invasive bedside monitoring of pulmonary embolism.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Real-time non-invasive monitoring of pulmonary embolism based on dynamic EIT technology: a new method","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-07-03 18:52:23","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4586260/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ed796081-ecc7-47a9-aeeb-c72c9805e0d3","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 3rd, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-07-16T13:07:51+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-07-03 18:52:23","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4586260","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4586260","identity":"rs-4586260","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}