Antiproliferative effects of low-dose micronized progesterone

Seokjoong Kim, Matti Korhonen, Walter H. Wilborn, Robin G. Foldesy, Wallace Snipes, Gary D. Hodgen, Freedolph D. Anderson
In: Fertility and Sterility · 1996 · vol. 65(2) , pp. 323–331 · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)58093-5 · PMID:8566256 · W70308077
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This study investigated the antiproliferative effects of low-dose micronized progesterone in human endometrial cancer cells, revealing its potential to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis.

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Abstract

ObjectiveTo study the pharmacodynamic effects of oral micronized P on endometrial maturation.DesignThis was a controlled, open, parallel group, pilot study.SettingThe experiment was performed in an outpatient academic clinical research unit.PatientsTwelve healthy, P-challenged, estrogen-primed, postmenopausal women participated in the study.InterventionsPatients were given 300 mg micronized P daily (8:00 A.M.) or twice (8:00 A.M. and 4:00 P.M.) daily from study days 1 through 14 after estrogen priming for 30 days. Blood samples were taken at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 hours after the 8:00 A.M. dose on study day 1 and 14 and again at 8:00 and 9:30 A.M. on days 3 and 5 fasting, days 7 and 9 after a fatty meal, and day 11 after a high fiber meal. Endometrial biopsies were taken on day 1 and 14.Main outcome measuresProgesterone concentrations were measured. Endometrial biopsies were studied for effects on histology, glycogen content of glands, ribosomal RNA, and nuclear estrogen receptors in glands, surface epithelium, and stroma.ResultsDay 1 and 14 P kinetics were similar for 8 hours. Dose-dependent increases in glandular glycogen, decrease in ribosomal RNA, and decrease in nuclear estrogen receptors were demonstrated.ConclusionsOral micronized P can induce antiproliferative changes in the human endometrium at doses lower than those required for transformation of the endometrium to a full secretory state.

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