Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Adolescents and its correlation with Ultrasonography Documented Endometrial Thickness and Uterine Volume

Introduction:Abnormal uterine bleeding is a term used for alterations in regularity, duration or volume of menstrual bleeding . In adolescence AUB also called dysfunctional uterine bleeding is defined as excessive prolonged or frequent bleeding of uterine origin that is not caused by a recognizable pelvic or systemic disease or by pregnancy . About 37% of teenage girls attending a Gynaecological Clinic have complaints of AUB during the first 3-5 years following the menarche. Materials and Methods : This study was conducted at tertiary maternity centre, Lalla Ded Hospital Between July 2019 to January 2020. The data was collected by enrolling patients into two groups, the study group and the control group. The study group included the adolescent girls from menarche to 18 years of age as they attended the OutPatient Department. A thorough history and examination was done and investigations like CBC, Coagulogram, Pelvic Ultrasonography were done. Results: The study and the control groups did not have any significant difference in present age, Age at menarche and BMI. In our study the mean age at present for the study group was 14.52 years whereas for the control group it was 15.95 years. The mean age at menarche for the study group was 13.38 years whereas for the control group it was 13.21 years. The BMI for the study group was 20.10 kg/m2 whereas for the control group it was 19.63 kg/m2 . Conclusion: Adolescent girls with AUB have significantly increased uterine volume irrespective of their endometrial thickness. However there is no increase in the ovarian volume thus depicting an abnormal response to the relative hyperestrogenemia state during their puberty. However this abnormal response to hyperestrogenemia needs to be studied further.