Deep Symbolic Regression for Numerical Formulation of Fundamental Period in Concentrically Steel-Braced RC Frames

Deep Symbolic Regression for Numerical Formulation of Fundamental Period in Concentrically Steel-Braced RC Frames | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Deep Symbolic Regression for Numerical Formulation of Fundamental Period in Concentrically Steel-Braced RC Frames Taimur Rahman, Shamima Sultana, Tanjir Ahmed, Md. Farhad Momin, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4390559/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 23 May, 2024 Read the published version in Asian Journal of Civil Engineering → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This research explores the use of Deep Symbolic Regression (DSR) to develop a sophisticated predictive model for the fundamental period of vibration in concentrically steel-braced reinforced concrete (RC) frames. Traditional empirical models often overlook complex interactions within structural dynamics during seismic events, a gap this study addresses by deriving tailored equations for various bracing configurations such as Cross bracing, Diagonal bracing, and Chevron bracing. The model development incorporates an iterative refinement process utilizing DSR techniques to enhance accuracy and applicability in predicting seismic responses. Further refinement and optimization are achieved using the L-BFGS-B algorithm, ensuring robustness and adherence to safety standards. Validation against actual structural data reveals that our proposed equations achieve high predictive accuracy, with R-squared values up to 0.8247 and RMSE values as low as 0.2119, consistently presenting lower error metrics across various configurations compared to those found in established seismic design standards, such as ASCE, Eurocode, and Japan’s Building Standards. Comparative analyses and Bland-Altman plots confirm that the models not only match but often surpass the accuracy of traditional formulas, validating their potential as reliable tools in structural engineering for earthquake resilience planning. The findings demonstrate DSR’s potential to revolutionize traditional practices in formulating empirical equations, offering a scientifically rigorous, data-driven methodology for more accurately predicting the dynamic responses of structures under seismic loads. Deep Symbolic Regression (DSR) Fundamental Period of Vibration Steel-Braced Reinforced Concrete Frames Concentric Bracing Machine Learning (ML) and Numerical Formulation Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 23 May, 2024 Read the published version in Asian Journal of Civil Engineering → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 13 May, 2024 Reviews received at journal 13 May, 2024 Reviews received at journal 13 May, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 11 May, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 10 May, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 10 May, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 09 May, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 09 May, 2024 First submitted to journal 08 May, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4390559","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":301911742,"identity":"25d9ca51-fc1d-48f7-8b5f-7edd637628d3","order_by":0,"name":"Taimur Rahman","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA6ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFACxgYgISHHwMzAcOABkGkA4gLZYHFsgAeixcIYrCWBOC1gUJEIVkCUFnv2w62befdIpPe38xgCbTmcuJ2B+eBtHoY7sjht4Ulsu83zTCJ3xmEeA7CWnQ1sydY8DM+McTsMpOWARO4GZrYEoJbbiRsO8JhJ8wD14tTC/xCsJd0AoYX/G34tEhBbEgyYmQ/AbGHDr+XGw7abcw5IGM44DNJi8N94ZzObseUcA9x+Ye9Pf3bjzYE6ef7+g80fPlSkyW5nb354400F7hBDA6BIYYYxRsEoGAWjYBSQDQCNiVytoxnNpQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"World University of Bangladesh","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Taimur","middleName":"","lastName":"Rahman","suffix":""},{"id":301911743,"identity":"d74e12c4-442a-4778-b1ea-d5ad8f19e9de","order_by":1,"name":"Shamima Sultana","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Asia Pacific","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shamima","middleName":"","lastName":"Sultana","suffix":""},{"id":301911744,"identity":"0f9fc6b3-32e0-4be9-af0f-d4c0145f05ab","order_by":2,"name":"Tanjir Ahmed","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Doric Design and Architect","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tanjir","middleName":"","lastName":"Ahmed","suffix":""},{"id":301911745,"identity":"434bc55d-bf00-4561-b529-7088a44d54bb","order_by":3,"name":"Md. 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