TM-fuzzer: fuzzing autonomous driving systems through traffic management

preprint OA: closed
Full text JSON View at publisher
AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-07, 2026-07-04 · read from full text

This preprint studies simulation testing of autonomous driving systems (ADS), focusing on how scenario-search tools can miss security-critical, unique behaviors by repeatedly finding highly similar scenarios. The authors propose TM-fuzzer, which uses real-time traffic management—manipulating non-player characters around the autonomous vehicle during simulation—and diversity analysis via clustering of vehicle-trajectory graphs to explore an “infinite scenario space.” Compared with a baseline, TM-fuzzer reportedly found 29 unique violated scenarios more than four times faster and increased the incidence of ADS-caused violations by 26.26%, with experiments indicating improved efficiency and accuracy. A major caveat stated is that the work is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed by a journal. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

Read from the paper's body, not the abstract. Not a substitute for reading the paper. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

Abstract Simulation testing of Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) is crucial for ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles. Currently, scenarios searched by ADS simulation testing tools are less likely to expose ADS issues and highly similar. In this paper, we propose TM-fuzzer, a novel approach for searching ADS test scenarios, which utilizes real-time traffic management and diversity analysis to search security-critical and unique scenarios within the infinite scenario space. TM-fuzzer dynamically manages traffic flow by manipulating non-player characters near autonomous vehicle throughout the simulation process to enhance the efficiency of test scenarios. Additionally, the TM-fuzzer utilizes clustering analysis on vehicle trajectory graphs within scenarios to increase the diversity of test scenarios. Compared to the baseline, the TM-fuzzer identified 29 unique violated scenarios more than four times faster and enhanced the incidence of ADS-caused violations by 26.26%. Experiments suggest that the TM-fuzzer demonstrates improved efficiency and accuracy.
Full text 13,675 characters · extracted from preprint-html · click to expand
TM-fuzzer: fuzzing autonomous driving systems through traffic management | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article TM-fuzzer: fuzzing autonomous driving systems through traffic management Shenghao Lin, Fansong Chen, Laile Xi, Gaosheng Wang, Rongrong Xi, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4185312/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 27 Jul, 2024 Read the published version in Automated Software Engineering → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Simulation testing of Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) is crucial for ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles. Currently, scenarios searched by ADS simulation testing tools are less likely to expose ADS issues and highly similar. In this paper, we propose TM-fuzzer, a novel approach for searching ADS test scenarios, which utilizes real-time traffic management and diversity analysis to search security-critical and unique scenarios within the infinite scenario space. TM-fuzzer dynamically manages traffic flow by manipulating non-player characters near autonomous vehicle throughout the simulation process to enhance the efficiency of test scenarios. Additionally, the TM-fuzzer utilizes clustering analysis on vehicle trajectory graphs within scenarios to increase the diversity of test scenarios. Compared to the baseline, the TM-fuzzer identified 29 unique violated scenarios more than four times faster and enhanced the incidence of ADS-caused violations by 26.26%. Experiments suggest that the TM-fuzzer demonstrates improved efficiency and accuracy. Autonomous driving system Fuzzing Search-based testing Critical scenarios Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 27 Jul, 2024 Read the published version in Automated Software Engineering → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 12 May, 2024 Reviews received at journal 10 May, 2024 Reviews received at journal 06 May, 2024 Reviews received at journal 06 May, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Apr, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Apr, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Apr, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 06 Apr, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 31 Mar, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 30 Mar, 2024 First submitted to journal 28 Mar, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4185312","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":286350277,"identity":"50761d64-4fc9-4e48-9ce5-bb255c375ca2","order_by":0,"name":"Shenghao Lin","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5ElEQVRIie3OsQrCMBCA4SuBurR2LQT0FU6ETFJfJSXQyaGjg0NB0MUH8E3ErRLQpdC1g0OnTi6SxUHUCopOIaNg/uk47oMDsNl+sC4BIM8BAZyaowFxvwhBMwIf4oZGj7kdX6p0eow2Hbmf1ukIgmXuqFT7WDeh66IR21WSVBwTCAtO6FpLPEb8hRSYT1hLJED1XOrJUPm3lpQnlnK8Q9+AIPUzGWE1YcAxBzQgjHp7ybFqRMhReIMinlMdCYJiqLyZHGMpdufLNer1DnKndORdnL2G9tjJNIefxkZXNpvN9p89AN1CQi1AkpOxAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Information Engineering","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shenghao","middleName":"","lastName":"Lin","suffix":""},{"id":286350278,"identity":"0bf11b07-f5f9-4af6-8bfb-29d5b077cb68","order_by":1,"name":"Fansong Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Information Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fansong","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":286350279,"identity":"5566bd35-9fbc-4cc3-a715-9de13aad5429","order_by":2,"name":"Laile Xi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Information Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Laile","middleName":"","lastName":"Xi","suffix":""},{"id":286350280,"identity":"9061191b-a642-4705-b997-52903544082f","order_by":3,"name":"Gaosheng Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Information Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gaosheng","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":286350281,"identity":"2fb60e04-7000-4b17-a933-074945f1dcfd","order_by":4,"name":"Rongrong Xi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Information Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rongrong","middleName":"","lastName":"Xi","suffix":""},{"id":286350282,"identity":"d9d0cc4a-adc9-406a-ae0e-20e3c523422d","order_by":5,"name":"Yuyan Sun","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Information Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yuyan","middleName":"","lastName":"Sun","suffix":""},{"id":286350283,"identity":"3e53a696-ffab-4b0a-8d18-95d02b5815e2","order_by":6,"name":"Hongsong Zhu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Information Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hongsong","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhu","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-03-29 03:14:13","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4185312/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4185312/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10515-024-00461-w","type":"published","date":"2024-07-27T16:16:09+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":61596274,"identity":"a2da180f-bc15-4a3f-abd6-7c6e6c17e01b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-08-01 17:26:11","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2680148,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"TMfuzzerfuzzingautonomousdrivingsystemsthroughtrafficmanagementASEV2.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4185312/v1_covered_d88c3d5c-5c69-4ad1-90ff-d9540aa39611.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"TM-fuzzer: fuzzing autonomous driving systems through traffic management","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"automated-software-engineering","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ause","sideBox":"Learn more about [Automated Software Engineering](http://link.springer.com/journal/10515)","snPcode":"10515","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10515/3","title":"Automated Software Engineering","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Autonomous driving system, Fuzzing, Search-based testing, Critical scenarios","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4185312/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4185312/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eSimulation testing of Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) is crucial for ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles. Currently, scenarios searched by ADS simulation testing tools are less likely to expose ADS issues and highly similar. In this paper, we propose TM-fuzzer, a novel approach for searching ADS test scenarios, which utilizes real-time traffic management and diversity analysis to search security-critical and unique scenarios within the infinite scenario space. TM-fuzzer dynamically manages traffic flow by manipulating non-player characters near autonomous vehicle throughout the simulation process to enhance the efficiency of test scenarios. Additionally, the TM-fuzzer utilizes clustering analysis on vehicle trajectory graphs within scenarios to increase the diversity of test scenarios. Compared to the baseline, the TM-fuzzer identified 29 unique violated scenarios more than four times faster and enhanced the incidence of ADS-caused violations by 26.26%. Experiments suggest that the TM-fuzzer demonstrates improved efficiency and accuracy.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"TM-fuzzer: fuzzing autonomous driving systems through traffic management","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-04-03 20:26:37","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4185312/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-05-12T21:55:16+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-05-10T07:18:35+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-05-06T08:37:29+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-05-06T08:35:40+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"134930802088303004954830201625321846891","date":"2024-04-30T04:14:33+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"3477a866-30e5-4fea-a7ce-63e4af051e45","date":"2024-04-08T22:56:11+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"b6996d9f-5e7b-4bf3-a9dc-4add019c00ac","date":"2024-04-08T08:39:53+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-04-06T12:58:13+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-03-31T16:12:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-03-30T05:45:15+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Automated Software Engineering","date":"2024-03-29T03:04:56+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"automated-software-engineering","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ause","sideBox":"Learn more about [Automated Software Engineering](http://link.springer.com/journal/10515)","snPcode":"10515","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10515/3","title":"Automated Software Engineering","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"dde15e6e-d30a-46c4-946d-873da3b91ae1","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 3rd, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-08-01T17:07:37+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4185312","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10515-024-00461-w","journal":{"identity":"automated-software-engineering","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Automated Software Engineering"},"publishedOn":"2024-07-27 16:16:09","publishedOnDateReadable":"July 27th, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-04-03 20:26:37","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s10515-024-00461-w","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10515-024-00461-w","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4185312","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4185312","identity":"rs-4185312","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: preprint-html

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Citation neighborhood (no data yet)

We don't have any in-corpus citations linked to this paper yet. This is a recent paper (2024) — citers typically take a year or two to land, and the OpenAlex reference graph may still be filling in.

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-05-20T01:45:00.602351+00:00