Fluctuations of the Shallow Groundwater Table in Response to Changes in Air Temperature and Precipitation Based on Measurements in the Catchment of the Elma River (North‐Eastern Poland)

This paper provides an analysis of the seasonal fluctuations in the depth of the sub-surface water table that are determined by changes in the weather conditions in the catchment of the Elma River, a tributary of the Łyna River, in the Old-Prussian Lowland in north-eastern Poland. The studies were conducted from 15 July 2022 to 31 March 2024. This article presents the correlation between air temperature and precipitation and the fluctuations of the shallow water table. The authors analysed the temporal delays in the depth of the water table in the well where the studies were conducted in reference to the fluctuations in air temperature and precipitation totals. These studies enabled the authors to distinguish periods when the meteorological factors listed above had the strongest influence on the depth of the sub-surface water table as well as the variations in how changes in air temperature and precipitation totals affected water table depth.