Axial-Parallel Circuit Model for Macroscopic Josephson Junctions in Slug Devices

Axial-Parallel Circuit Model for Macroscopic Josephson Junctions in Slug Devices | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Axial-Parallel Circuit Model for Macroscopic Josephson Junctions in Slug Devices Zhiming Bai, Jingshi Pan, Junjie Yuan, Jingyan Wei This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136503/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Droplet-type Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SLUGs) mayserve as a promising non-lithographic alternative to conventional Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs), featuring a simpler fabrication process and superior noise performance at low temperatures. Todeepen the theoretical understanding of SLUG devices, this work validatesand extends the research on SLUGs conducted by Professor Clark, proposing an axis-parallel equivalent circuit model that represents the Josephsonjunction structure of SLUGs as an axially aligned coherent array. Capturingthe interference behavior through distributed phase superposition, the modelachieves a good agreement with the experimental I-Φ data at 4.2K, with anerror margin of less than 3%. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) imagingconfirms the uniform distribution of weak links, verifying the assumptionsof the proposed model. The analysis results demonstrate that SLUGs exhibit excellent geometric and thermal stability, with a noise level as low as0.15µA and a responsivity as high as 1810 µA/Φ0 at 2 K. These findings provide a compact and scalable framework for the optimization of SLUG-basedquantum sensing devices. PACS numbers: 74.50.+r, 85.25.Dq, 07.55.Ge, 84.30.-r Josephson Junctions Superconducting Quantum axis-parallel SLUGs Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9136503","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":611520943,"identity":"5b89e02d-d57e-4e53-97f1-1e961c8ec4ee","order_by":0,"name":"Zhiming Bai","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Northeastern University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhiming","middleName":"","lastName":"Bai","suffix":""},{"id":611520944,"identity":"95f94ea1-a396-4267-9bb8-65c3b497acb6","order_by":1,"name":"Jingshi Pan","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA/UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACAwYDGwYGZuYGhABhLQVpQC2MJGhhYPhwGEgQq8Wc/eyBwh8G56P52xmbPzDusElsYG/eJsFQcwenFsuevARjHoPbuTMOM7ZJMJ5JS2zgOVYmwXDsGW5/HMgxMGYAamkAamFgbDuc2CCRYybB2HAYt5bzbwwMfxicy51/GOSwtv+JDfJvCGi5kWNgwGNwIHfDYcYGCca2A0BbePBrsZzxxgDol+TcjSC/JLYlG7fxpBVbJBzDrcWcP8fM8Mcfu9x55w8f/vCxzU62n/3wxhsfavA4jIGBDRENCUDMBmPg0cL8AI/8KBgFo2AUjAIGBgAHpFTq3DwOtwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Northeastern University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jingshi","middleName":"","lastName":"Pan","suffix":""},{"id":611520945,"identity":"67fbff0c-d968-4d4f-a81e-20853540850c","order_by":2,"name":"Junjie Yuan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Northeastern University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Junjie","middleName":"","lastName":"Yuan","suffix":""},{"id":611520947,"identity":"8925a551-726e-4a9e-8395-14721b959aea","order_by":3,"name":"Jingyan Wei","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Northeastern University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jingyan","middleName":"","lastName":"Wei","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-16 10:24:31","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136503/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136503/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":107446224,"identity":"38b939f0-fc7b-4711-b59a-b616757759ab","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-21 14:42:00","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1427481,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SLUG.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9136503/v1_covered_2af1ea25-a1a0-4c90-9bb9-6b348607234a.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eAxial-Parallel Circuit Model for Macroscopic Josephson Junctions in Slug Devices\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Josephson Junctions, Superconducting Quantum, axis-parallel, SLUGs","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136503/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9136503/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eDroplet-type Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SLUGs) mayserve as a promising non-lithographic alternative to conventional Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices (SQUIDs), featuring a simpler fabrication process and superior noise performance at low temperatures. 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