Phyllosphere antagonistic bacteria induces growth promotion and effective anthracnose control in cucumber

Phyllosphere antagonistic bacteria induces growth promotion and effective anthracnose control in cucumber | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Phyllosphere antagonistic bacteria induces growth promotion and effective anthracnose control in cucumber Mohammad Golam Mostofa This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5419778/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The phyllosphere, aerial parts of plants, serves as a crucial habitat for diverse microorganisms. Phyllosphere bacteria can activate protective mechanisms that help plants resist diseases. This study focuses on isolating and characterizing phyllosphere bacteria from cucurbits to evaluate their potential in controlling Colletotrichum orbiculare, a pathogen causing anthracnose in cucumbers. Among 76 bacterial isolates collected, 11 exhibited strong antagonistic effects against C. orbiculare in vitro. Morphological and 16S rRNA analyses identified these isolates as different Bacillus species, including B. vallismortis, B. velezensis, B. amyloliquefaciens, and B. subtilis. These bacteria demonstrated essential plant-growth-promoting and biocontrol traits, such as motility, biofilm formation, phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and production of indole acetic acid. Most of the bacterial strains also produced biocontrol compounds like ammonia, acetoin, siderophores, hydrogen cyanide, chitinase, protease, lipase, and cellulase. Application of these bacteria significantly enhanced cucumber growth in both non-manured and organic-manured soils, showing improvements in root and shoot length, chlorophyll content, and biomass accumulation. Additionally, bacterial treatments effectively reduced anthracnose severity, with isolates GL-10 and L-1 showing the highest disease suppression in both soil types. Colonization studies showed that phyllobacteria preferentially colonized healthy leaves over roots and diseased tissues, and were more effective in manure-amended soils. These results suggest that Bacillus phyllobacteria have strong potential as sustainable bio-stimulants and biocontrol agents, offering an effective approach to enhance cucumber growth and disease control under both fertilized and unfertilized soil conditions. anthracnose bacillus disease control Phyllosphere microbes plant growth promotion Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5419778","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":378358429,"identity":"70b3fb91-e843-4bd8-933c-7592fc892a88","order_by":0,"name":"Mohammad Golam Mostofa","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAuklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYPACOQZ+IPmBgYGZSA0HGIwZJBsYGGeQpsXgALFadKcdPvz5Q4WBvPHx9ocNDBXWiQ2EtJjdTkuTOHDGwHDbmTOGDQxn0onRkmPGcLDtD+O2GznsDxjbDhOlxfjDwTYD+83znz9sYPxHnBYDCaCWxA0SDIYNjA1EaQH65cwZg+QZZ3IMGxKOpRsToSX58IeKCgPb/vbjDxs+1FjLEtSCChJIUz4KRsEoGAWjABcAABx5Rj536sTeAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4259-2361","institution":"State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry at Syracuse: SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mohammad","middleName":"Golam","lastName":"Mostofa","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-11-09 04:56:14","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5419778/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5419778/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":71302364,"identity":"eb9d00d2-afec-485d-9c9a-76f0f970f857","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-13 05:42:43","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":745733,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Naharetal.2024PMB.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5419778/v1_covered_34892296-88f3-4a02-8153-dcd251711d6f.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Phyllosphere antagonistic bacteria induces growth promotion and effective anthracnose control in cucumber","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"anthracnose, bacillus, disease control, Phyllosphere microbes, plant growth promotion","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5419778/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5419778/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"The phyllosphere, aerial parts of plants, serves as a crucial habitat for diverse microorganisms. Phyllosphere bacteria can activate protective mechanisms that help plants resist diseases. This study focuses on isolating and characterizing phyllosphere bacteria from cucurbits to evaluate their potential in controlling Colletotrichum orbiculare, a pathogen causing anthracnose in cucumbers. Among 76 bacterial isolates collected, 11 exhibited strong antagonistic effects against C. orbiculare in vitro. Morphological and 16S rRNA analyses identified these isolates as different Bacillus species, including B. vallismortis, B. velezensis, B. amyloliquefaciens, and B. subtilis. These bacteria demonstrated essential plant-growth-promoting and biocontrol traits, such as motility, biofilm formation, phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and production of indole acetic acid. Most of the bacterial strains also produced biocontrol compounds like ammonia, acetoin, siderophores, hydrogen cyanide, chitinase, protease, lipase, and cellulase. Application of these bacteria significantly enhanced cucumber growth in both non-manured and organic-manured soils, showing improvements in root and shoot length, chlorophyll content, and biomass accumulation. Additionally, bacterial treatments effectively reduced anthracnose severity, with isolates GL-10 and L-1 showing the highest disease suppression in both soil types. Colonization studies showed that phyllobacteria preferentially colonized healthy leaves over roots and diseased tissues, and were more effective in manure-amended soils. 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