Effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on dopamine synthesis, transport and maturation in rats with manganese poisoning

Objective: Manganismis a neurodegenerative disease that mainly damages dopamine neurons. In recent years, transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) has shown good efficacy in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Methods: Stem cell transplantation was used to treat the manganism model in rats, and the therapeutic effect of stem cell transplantation on nerve injury of manganese poisoning was observed. Results: Immunofluorescence detection revealed that BM-MSCs survived in the rat brain and gradually differentiated into Dopaminergic neurons. Compared with the control group, the accumulation of denatured proteins in the experimentalgroup is relatively stable. Analysis of Dopamine (DA) content, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and other related factors NeuN, VMAT2, and BDNF revealed that BM-MSCs could significantly increase the expression of the above proteins after transplantation (P <0.05), this high expression effect was more obvious one month after transplantation, and it showed a slow decline afterwards. Among them, DA and TH were significantly related, indicating that one of the mechanisms of stem cell transplantation to increase DA content may be to accelerate the conversion of tyrosine to dopa by increasing TH. Conclusions: This experiment observed that BM-MSCs can differentiate into dopaminergic neurons after striatum transplantation, and the dopamine content in striatum increases. Compared with the control group, BM-MSCs transplantation can effectively alleviate the increase of muscle tone in manganese-poisoned rats; reduce the accumulation of neuronal protein in the brain striatum.