Amygdala controls saccade and gaze physically, motivationally, and socially

The amygdala is uniquely sensitive to emotional events. However, it is not understood whether and how the amygdala uses such emotional signals to control behavior, especially eye movements. We therefore injected muscimol (GABA A agonist) into the central nucleus of amygdala (CeA) in monkeys. This unilateral temporary inactivation suppressed saccades to contralateral but not ipsilateral targets, resulting in longer latencies, hypometric amplitudes, and slower velocity. During free viewing of movies, gaze was distributed mostly in the ipsilateral hemifield. Moreover, CeA inactivation disrupted the tendency of gaze toward social interaction images, which were normally focused on continuously. Conversely, optogenetic stimulation of CeA facilitated saccades to the contralateral side. These findings suggest that CeA controls spatially selective gaze and attention in emotional contexts, and provide a new framework for understanding psychiatric disorders related to amygdala dysfunction. Highlights Central amygdala facilitates contralateral saccades selectively. Saccade facilitation is related to motivational goals and social interaction. The amygdala thus controls goal-directed behavior based on emotional contexts.