Poor Quality of Sleep among Women during the perinatal period in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: Sleep is a very crucial physiological process for human beings. During pregnancy and the postpartum period, sleep becomes very vital and it needs additional total sleep time for a better pregnancy outcome. However, poor sleep quality remains a major public health concern, particularly for perinatal women. Therefore, the pooled prevalence and risk factors from the study will provide a more conclusive result to take evidence-based measures against poor sleep in perinatal women. Methods Ten published studies with a total of 4,297 participants were included. All appropriate databases and grey literature were searched to get relevant articles. Studies reporting the prevalence and associated risk factors of poor sleep quality among perinatal women were included. The quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment Scale (NOS). Data were extracted using Microsoft Excel 2010 and the analysis was done using STATA version 11 software. The pooled prevalence and its associated factors were determined using the random effect model. Heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using the I 2 test. In addition, Publication bias was checked in subjective technique by funnel plot and using Egger’s statistical test. Results The pooled prevalence of poor sleep quality was 44.81% (95% CI = 32.29, 57.34; I 2  = 99.1%). Depression ((POR) = 3.87: 95% CI: 1.09, 12.40; I 2  = 0.0%) and third-trimester ((POR) = 4.09: 95% CI: 1.05, 15.39; I 2  = 0.0%) were risk factors of poor sleep quality. Conclusion More than two-thirds of perinatal women were exposed to poor quality of sleep. This indicates poor quality of sleep is a high health burden in women during the perinatal period in Ethiopia. The Government should incorporate maternal mental health policy along with prenatal and postnatal health care services.