Hepatic Vagal Afferents Convey Clock-Dependent Signals to Regulate Circadian Food Intake

Circadian desynchrony induced by shiftwork or jetlag is detrimental to metabolic health, but how synchronous/desynchronous signals are transmitted among tissues is unknown. Here we report that liver molecular clock dysfunction is signaled to the brain via the hepatic vagal afferent nerve (HVAN), leading to altered food intake patterns that are corrected by ablation of the HVAN. Hepatic branch vagotomy also prevents food intake disruptions induced by high-fat diet feeding and reduces body weight gain. Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized homeostatic feedback signal that relies on synchrony between the liver and the brain to control circadian food intake patterns. This identifies the hepatic vagus nerve as a therapeutic target for obesity in the setting of chrono-disruption. One Sentence Summary The hepatic vagal afferent nerve signals internal circadian desynchrony between the brain and liver to induce maladaptive food intake patterns.