Distribution and evolution of plasmodial infection in Madagascar according to incidence per 100,000 inhabitants

Background: Malaria is still a public health problem in Madagascar. The infection remains difficult to eliminate. The objective of this study is to establish the spatio-temporal distribution of malaria in Madagascar by considering the incidence profile. Methods This is a cross-sectional study that identifies the temporal-spatial evolution of malaria. The study period extends from 2019 to 2021. The analysis of the trend of malaria is analyzed through the evolution of the incidence and the spatial distribution using a thematic cartography. Results The present study revealed that the trend of malaria infection increased from 2019 to 2021. Spatially, malaria infection still experiences a heterogeneous distribution according to the epidemiological facies. The study was also able to highlight the importance of reliable data for disease surveillance. Control strategies must prioritize the entire pediatric age group for prevention and treatment but not only those under 5 years of age. Conclusion the fight against malaria must take into account the seasonality of the infection and the distribution of resource necessary for the fight against malaria must consider the heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of the infection.