Discrete memories of a continuous world: A working memory perspective on event segmentation

We perceive the world in a continuum but remember our past as discrete episodic events. Dominant models of event segmentation suggest that prediction errors or contextual changes are the driving factors that parse continuous experiences into segmented events. These models propose working memory to hold a critical role in event segmentation, yet the particular functioning of working memory that underlies segmented episodic memories remains unclear. Here, we first review the literature regarding the factors that result in the segmentation of episodic memories. Next, we discuss the role of working memory under two possible models regarding how it represents information within each event. Lastly, we summarize the role of the hippocampus in segmenting and integrating events. Clarifying the contributions of working memory to event segmentation is important to improve our understanding of the structure of episodic memories.