Assessment of Long-term Groundwater Use Increase and Forest Growth Impact on Watershed Hydrology

Assessment of Long-term Groundwater Use Increase and Forest Growth Impact on Watershed Hydrology | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Assessment of Long-term Groundwater Use Increase and Forest Growth Impact on Watershed Hydrology Wonjin Kim, Seongjoon Kim, Jinuk Kim, Jiwan Lee, Soyoung Woo, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-791384/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 3 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to investigate the impacts of groundwater use increase and forest growth on the watershed hydrology of Geum River basin (9,645.5 km 2 ), South Korea. Groundwater use increase and forest growth data from 1976 to 2015 were prepared in 10-year interval and were reflected to SWAT corresponding to each decade. SWAT was calibrated in the aspect of evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and streamflow using the observation data. The model performance for streamflow was evaluated by coefficient of determination (R 2 ), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and percent bias (PBIAS). The calibration achieved the average R 2 value of 0.73 ~ 0.82, NSE value of 0.75 ~ 0.81, RMSE value of 0.53 ~ 2.35 mm/day, and PBIAS value of -2.51 ~ + 11.74%, respectively. The model performance for evapotranspiration and soil moisture was evaluated by R 2 . The calibration result of evapotranspiration and soil moisture achieved average R 2 value of 0.45 and 0.44, respectively. The calibrated model evaluated the impact of two factors on watershed hydrology. Decadal increase of groundwater use has decreased groundwater flow and increased groundwater recharge while decadal forest growth has mainly increased evapotranspiration that led to the decrease of other hydrological components. Resultingly, the change of two factors have imposed temporal decrease of total runoff on the watershed while the influence of two factors on annual streamflow loss was bigger in lower flow rate. Marine and Freshwater Biology Forestry Stream drying phenomena Groundwater use increase Forest growth SWAT Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Full Text Tables Table 1. The introduction of SWAT parameters adjusted for the calibration. Parameter Unit Definition Range Value LB UB YDD DCD SJW GJW BJW CN2 - Initial SCS runoff curve number for moisture condition Ⅱ 35 98 57 59 54 63 57 CH_N(2) - Manning’s “n” value for the main channel -0.01 0.3 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.04 ESCO - Soil evaporation compensation factor 0 1 0.95 0.65 0.65 0.65 1 GW_DELAY days Groundwater delay time 0 500 180 31 31 31 31 GWQMN mm H 2 O Threshold depth of water in the shallow aquifer required for return flow to occur 0 5000 100 1200 1000 1000 1000 ALPHA_BF 1/days Baseflow alpha factor 0 1 0.7 0.3 0.048 0.048 0.048 SOL_K mm/hr Saturated hydraulic conductivity 0 2000 40.5 45.4 39.6 60.9 60.3 SOL_AWC Available water capacity of the soil layer 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.06 SFTMP °C Snowfall temperature -5 5 -1 SMTMP °C Snow melt base temperature -5 5 0 RES_ESA ha Reservoir surface area when the reservoir is filled to the emergency spillway - - 3700 7420 350 350 350 RES_EVOL 10 4 m 3 Volume of water needed to fill the reservoir to the emergency spillway - - 81500 149000 560 1560 2500 RES_PSA ha Reservoir surface area when the reservoir is filled to the principal spillway - - 3390 6750 350 300 300 RES_PVOL 10 4 m 3 Volume of water needed to fill the reservoir to the principal spillway - - 74250 124160 560 1554 2471 RES_VOL 10 4 m 3 Initial reservoir volume - - 61200 76900 560 1550 2471 Table 2. Statistical summary of streamflow calibration at five monitoring points Index Monitoring Points R 2 NSE RMSE (mm/day) PBIAS (%) Streamflow YDD +0.73 +0.81 +2.35 -2.51 DCD +0.82 +0.77 +1.57 -8.44 SJW +0.79 +0.75 +0.53 +3.21 GJW +0.81 +0.75 +0.54 +11.74 BJW +0.82 +0.77 +0.58 +10.73 Table 3. Hydrologic responses to groundwater use increase. Scenario TR (mm/year) ET (mm/year) SR (mm/year) PE (mm/year) SM (mm/year) GF (mm/year) GWR (mm/year) LF (mm/year) 1980s 775.0 565.2 368.3 226.8 78763.6 198.8 13.0 207.9 1990s 768.0 (-0.9%) 565.2 (0.0%) 368.3 (0.0%) 226.8 (0.0%) 78763.6 (0.0%) 191.8 (-3.5%) 20.0 (+53.1%) 207.8 (0.0%) 2000s 750.9 (-3.1%) 565.2 (0.0%) 368.3 (0.0%) 226.8 (0.0%) 78763.6 (0.0%) 174.8 (-12.0%) 37.0 (+183.5%) 207.7 (-0.1%) 2010s 730.1 (-5.8%) 565.2 (0.0%) 368.3 (0.0%) 226.8 (0.0%) 78763.6 (0.0%) 153.9 (-22.6%) 57.9 (+343.8%) 207.8 (0.0%) Table 4. Hydrologic responses to forest growth. Scenario TR (mm/year) ET (mm/year) SR (mm/year) PE (mm/year) SM (mm/year) GF (mm/year) GWR (mm/year) LF (mm/year) 1980s 775.0 565.2 368.3 226.8 78763.6 198.8 13.0 207.9 1990s 771.6 (-0.4%) 568.1 (0.5%) 367.9 (-0.1%) 224.9 (-0.9%) 78705.4 (-0.1%) 196.9 (-0.9%) 13.0 (-0.7%) 206.8 (-0.5%) 2000s 764.6 (-1.3%) 573.8 (1.5%) 366.9 (-0.4%) 220.9 (-2.6%) 78552.3 (-0.3%) 193.1 (-2.8%) 12.7 (-2.3%) 204.6 (-1.5%) 2010s 759.2 (-2.0%) 578.6 (2.4%) 366.0 (-0.6%) 217.5 (-4.1%) 78401.4 (-0.5%) 189.9 (-4.5%) 12.6 (-3.6%) 203.3 (-2.2%) Table 5. Hydrologic responses to groundwater use increase and forest growth. Scenario TR (mm/year) ET (mm/year) SR (mm/year) PE (mm/year) SM (mm/year) GF (mm/year) GWR (mm/year) LF (mm/year) 1980s 775.0 565.2 368.3 226.8 78763.6 198.8 13.0 207.9 1990s 764.8 (-1.3%) 568.1 (0.5%) 367.9 (-0.1%) 224.9 (-0.9%) 78705.4 (-0.1%) 190.2 (-4.3%) 19.6 (+50.5%) 206.7 (-1.2%) 2000s 740.8 (-4.4%) 573.8 (1.5%) 366.9 (-0.4%) 220.9 (-2.6%) 78552.3 (-0.3%) 169.2 (-14.9%) 36.7 (+181.5%) 204.7 (-3.7%) 2010s 714.3 (-7.8%) 578.6 (2.4%) 366.0 (-0.6%) 217.5 (-4.1%) 78401.4 (-0.5%) 145.1 (-27.0%) 57.4 (+339.9%) 203.2 (-4.7%) Table 6. Monthly change rates of hydrological components in the 2010s SD scenario compared with the 1980s. Month ET (%) SR (%) LF (%) GF (%) PE (%) SM (%) GR (%) January -0.08 +0.36 -0.91 -22.59 -1.37 -0.24 +0.84 February -0.06 -0.09 -0.57 -21.43 -1.08 -0.15 +1.35 March -0.05 0.00 -0.22 -19.36 -0.72 -0.1 +1.23 April -0.02 -0.05 -0.04 -17.76 -0.16 -0.08 +0.46 May +6.38 -0.64 -4.36 -15.95 -8.23 -0.59 +4.54 June +7.47 -2.61 -6.43 -40.84 -19.85 -1.92 +16.06 July +2.98 -0.49 -2.95 -39.97 -4.89 -0.57 +11.85 August +1.62 -0.6 -0.89 -29.23 -2.16 -0.43 +6.77 September +1.07 -0.12 -0.98 -27.02 -0.98 -0.48 +3.24 October -0.04 -0.28 -0.96 -22.02 -2.82 -0.41 +2.72 November -0.15 -0.12 -0.27 -23.7 -0.6 -0.34 +1.93 December -0.08 -0.06 -0.76 -27.44 -0.35 -0.25 +1.12 Average +1.59 -0.39 -1.61 -25.61 -3.6 -0.46 +4.34 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 19 Oct, 2021 Editor assigned by journal 08 Aug, 2021 First submitted to journal 06 Aug, 2021 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-791384","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":57780917,"identity":"5ce83ffc-f0ec-403c-804f-df2dc203ced0","order_by":0,"name":"Wonjin Kim","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2302-3999","institution":"Konkuk University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wonjin","middleName":"","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""},{"id":57780918,"identity":"96264426-9f23-4fc2-a365-98afaee2c56e","order_by":1,"name":"Seongjoon Kim","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA0klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACCWYQUZHAwMDDwAwRIU7LGZK0gAjGNlK0SLZzJ3+wnJcmZ85zxtiAocaOQXL2AfxapJl5t0lIbssxtuztMU5gOJbMIM2XgF+LHFALg+S2isQN53mMDzCwHWCQ4yHgMKCWzR8k58C0/CNCC9BhGyQkG3ISN5wFOoyx7QCDNCEtks1Av0gcSzM2OHOs2CCxL5lHsoeAFonzZzd/lqhJljM4k7xZ4sM3OzmJMwS0gAAzPCoSQNFDDGD8QJSyUTAKRsEoGLEAALwDN4UXzdNJAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9729-9373","institution":"Konkuk University - Seoul Campus: Konkuk University","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Seongjoon","middleName":"","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""},{"id":57780919,"identity":"fc5abb1d-42cf-4656-b685-065d4347952a","order_by":2,"name":"Jinuk Kim","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Konkuk University - Seoul Campus: Konkuk University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jinuk","middleName":"","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""},{"id":57780920,"identity":"451ac500-1d5e-4470-a904-5062f6c871bb","order_by":3,"name":"Jiwan Lee","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Konkuk University - Seoul Campus: Konkuk University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiwan","middleName":"","lastName":"Lee","suffix":""},{"id":57780921,"identity":"eb4f4294-9278-4aa9-914b-3dfbd3b20f72","order_by":4,"name":"Soyoung Woo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Konkuk University - Seoul Campus: Konkuk University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Soyoung","middleName":"","lastName":"Woo","suffix":""},{"id":57780922,"identity":"e563d758-908f-4e2b-9775-30d3589581a1","order_by":5,"name":"Sehoon Kim","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Konkuk University - Seoul Campus: Konkuk University","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sehoon","middleName":"","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2021-08-08 00:48:22","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-791384/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-791384/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":15103049,"identity":"3b96eb60-a01b-46d3-b043-9dc14ad68b55","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-11-01 17:45:13","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2355606,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Spatial information of the study area including (a) monitoring points, (b) digital elevation map, (c) land use, and (d) soil texture.","description":"","filename":"fig1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-791384/v1/1be1d0f42f390483faef00f4.png"},{"id":15103738,"identity":"c98a40b0-0677-4290-aa60-8e76382f776c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-11-01 17:48:13","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":279486,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"The annual use of groundwater in the study area corresponding to the four decades.","description":"","filename":"fig2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-791384/v1/ed95fd11f8835796fd46cfac.png"},{"id":15103050,"identity":"5a3ad39e-d0a4-4bf6-999c-64f02915aef2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-11-01 17:45:13","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":73726,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"The visualization of the original and devised development curve of (a) LAI and (b) canopy height.","description":"","filename":"fig3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-791384/v1/3107c3c1cf6881b26a8dae9d.png"},{"id":15103056,"identity":"721f7809-28a4-49a4-b1c4-9366d2017b46","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-11-01 17:45:13","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":302475,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"The graphical comparison between observed and simulated inflow at (a) YDD, (b) DCD, (c) SJW, (d) GJW, and (e) BJW.","description":"","filename":"fig4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-791384/v1/1487de6409acd6658018a357.png"},{"id":15103052,"identity":"41534fe5-f429-4267-abde-e6dd1eec10aa","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-11-01 17:45:13","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":278007,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"The spatial vulnerability of TR loss caused by groundwater use increase in (a) 1990s, (b) 2000s, and (c) 2010s. ","description":"","filename":"fig5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-791384/v1/3886a15e4e4c5db280d27dc1.png"},{"id":15103053,"identity":"f7af367c-29b3-46d7-9de9-e104ac160224","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-11-01 17:45:13","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":252827,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"The spatial vulnerability of TR loss caused by forest growth in (a) 1990s, (b) 2000s, and (c) 2010s. ","description":"","filename":"fig6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-791384/v1/ec8e3bb2048721e1413a0451.png"},{"id":15103054,"identity":"b313bb60-0758-4c6f-b1bf-7a90691df4ba","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-11-01 17:45:13","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":293099,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"The spatial vulnerability of TR loss caused by groundwater use increase and forest growth in (a) 1990s, (b) 2000s, and (c) 2010s. ","description":"","filename":"fig7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-791384/v1/c975447ec09e45ed43288fc4.png"},{"id":15103739,"identity":"921e7e45-3acc-4457-8997-06f3b3e9f83d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-11-01 17:48:13","extension":"png","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":184838,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"The temporal reduction rate of streamflow in (a) groundwater use increase scenario, (b) forest growth scenario, and (c) stream drying scenario.","description":"","filename":"fig8.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-791384/v1/b57f2e8bb1e5cd3cb27d0452.png"},{"id":15103927,"identity":"0b230526-0479-4582-bdac-81fa974934ab","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-11-01 17:48:24","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":897848,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-791384/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Assessment of Long-term Groundwater Use Increase and Forest Growth Impact on Watershed Hydrology","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-791384/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp\u003eTable 1. The introduction of SWAT parameters adjusted for the calibration.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"12.244897959183673%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParameter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"9.183673469387756%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnit\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" width=\"25.510204081632654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDefinition\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRange\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\" width=\"38.775510204081634%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eValue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYDD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDCD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSJW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGJW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"14.285714285714286%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBJW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCN2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInitial SCS runoff curve number for moisture condition\u0026nbsp;Ⅱ\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCH_N(2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eManning\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;n\u0026rdquo; value for the main channel\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eESCO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSoil evaporation compensation factor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGW_DELAY\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003edays\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGroundwater delay time\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e180\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGWQMN\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emm H\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThreshold depth of water in the shallow aquifer required for return flow to occur\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1200\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eALPHA_BF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1/days\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBaseflow alpha factor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.048\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.048\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.048\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSOL_K\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003emm/hr\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSaturated hydraulic conductivity\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSOL_AWC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAvailable water capacity of the soil layer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.244897959183673%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSFTMP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.183673469387756%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026deg;C\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.510204081632654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSnowfall temperature\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.142857142857143%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.142857142857143%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\" width=\"38.775510204081634%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.244897959183673%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSMTMP\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.183673469387756%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026deg;C\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"25.510204081632654%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSnow melt base temperature\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.142857142857143%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.142857142857143%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\" width=\"38.775510204081634%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRES_ESA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eha\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReservoir surface area when the reservoir is filled to the emergency spillway\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3700\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7420\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e350\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e350\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e350\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRES_EVOL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVolume of water needed to fill the reservoir to the emergency spillway\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e149000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e560\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1560\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2500\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRES_PSA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eha\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReservoir surface area when the reservoir is filled to the principal spillway\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3390\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6750\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e350\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e300\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e300\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRES_PVOL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVolume of water needed to fill the reservoir to the principal spillway\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74250\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e124160\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e560\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1554\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2471\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.631578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRES_VOL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"9.473684210526315%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003csup\u003e4\u003c/sup\u003e m\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"26.31578947368421%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInitial reservoir volume\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61200\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76900\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e560\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1550\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"7.368421052631579%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2471\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 2. Statistical summary of streamflow calibration at five monitoring points\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv align=\"center\"\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"22.68041237113402%\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u0026nbsp;\u003cp\u003eIndex\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.463917525773196%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMonitoring\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePoints\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.43298969072165%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eR\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.463917525773196%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNSE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.49484536082474%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRMSE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/day)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.463917525773196%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePBIAS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"5\" width=\"22.68041237113402%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStreamflow\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.463917525773196%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYDD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"14.43298969072165%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.463917525773196%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"16.49484536082474%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+2.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"15.463917525773196%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDCD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.666666666666668%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.333333333333332%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+1.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-8.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSJW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.666666666666668%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.333333333333332%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+3.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGJW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.666666666666668%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.333333333333332%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+11.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBJW\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"18.666666666666668%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"21.333333333333332%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"20%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+10.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 3. Hydrologic responses to groundwater use increase.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScenario\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eET\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGWR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1980s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e775.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e565.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e368.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e226.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78763.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e198.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e207.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"1.0101010101010102%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"10.1010101010101%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1990s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e768.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.9%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e565.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e368.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e226.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78763.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e191.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-3.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(+53.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e207.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"10.204081632653061%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2000s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e750.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-3.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e565.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e368.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e226.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78763.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e174.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-12.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(+183.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e207.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"10.204081632653061%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2010s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e730.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-5.8%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e565.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e368.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e226.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78763.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e153.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-22.6%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(+343.8%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e207.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 4. Hydrologic responses to forest growth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScenario\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eET\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGWR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1980s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e775.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e565.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e368.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e226.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78763.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e198.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e207.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"1.0101010101010102%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"10.1010101010101%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1990s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e771.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.4%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e568.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e367.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e224.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.9%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78705.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e196.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.9%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.7%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e206.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"10.204081632653061%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2000s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e764.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-1.3%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e573.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e366.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.4%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e220.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-2.6%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78552.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.3%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e193.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-2.8%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-2.3%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e204.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-1.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"10.204081632653061%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2010s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e759.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-2.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e578.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.4%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e366.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.6%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e217.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-4.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78401.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e189.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-4.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-3.6%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e203.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-2.2%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 5. Hydrologic responses to groundwater use increase and forest growth.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScenario\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eET\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGWR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mm/year)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1980s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e775.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e565.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e368.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e226.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78763.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e198.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e207.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" width=\"1.0101010101010102%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"10.1010101010101%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1990s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e764.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-1.3%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e568.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(0.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e367.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e224.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.9%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78705.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e190.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-4.3%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(+50.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.11111111111111%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e206.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-1.2%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"10.204081632653061%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2000s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e740.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-4.4%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e573.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(1.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e366.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.4%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e220.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-2.6%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78552.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.3%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e169.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-14.9%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(+181.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e204.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-3.7%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"10.204081632653061%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2010s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e714.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-7.8%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e578.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(2.4%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e366.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.6%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e217.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-4.1%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78401.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-0.5%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e145.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-27.0%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(+339.9%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd width=\"11.224489795918368%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e203.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(-4.7%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 6. Monthly change rates of hydrological components in the 2010s SD scenario compared with the 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMonth\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eET (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSR (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLF (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGF (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePE (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSM (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGR (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJanuary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-22.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFebruary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-21.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+1.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarch\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-19.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+1.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eApril\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-17.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMay\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+6.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-4.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-15.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-8.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+4.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJune\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+7.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-6.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-40.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-19.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+16.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJuly\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+2.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-39.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-4.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+11.85\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAugust\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+1.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-29.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+6.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSeptember\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+1.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-27.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+3.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" width=\"13.355048859934854%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOctober\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-22.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" 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width=\"12.37785016286645%\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+4.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"water-resources-management","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"warm","sideBox":"Learn more about [Water Resources Management](https://www.springer.com/journal/11269)","snPcode":"11269","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11269/3","title":"Water Resources Management","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Stream drying phenomena, Groundwater use increase, Forest growth, SWAT","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-791384/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-791384/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis study used Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to investigate the impacts of groundwater use increase and forest growth on the watershed hydrology of Geum River basin (9,645.5 km\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e), South Korea. Groundwater use increase and forest growth data from 1976 to 2015 were prepared in 10-year interval and were reflected to SWAT corresponding to each decade. SWAT was calibrated in the aspect of evapotranspiration, soil moisture, and streamflow using the observation data. The model performance for streamflow was evaluated by coefficient of determination (R\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and percent bias (PBIAS). The calibration achieved the average R\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e value of 0.73\u0026thinsp;~\u0026thinsp;0.82, NSE value of 0.75\u0026thinsp;~\u0026thinsp;0.81, RMSE value of 0.53\u0026thinsp;~\u0026thinsp;2.35 mm/day, and PBIAS value of -2.51\u0026thinsp;~\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;11.74%, respectively. The model performance for evapotranspiration and soil moisture was evaluated by R\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e. The calibration result of evapotranspiration and soil moisture achieved average R\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e value of 0.45 and 0.44, respectively. The calibrated model evaluated the impact of two factors on watershed hydrology. Decadal increase of groundwater use has decreased groundwater flow and increased groundwater recharge while decadal forest growth has mainly increased evapotranspiration that led to the decrease of other hydrological components. Resultingly, the change of two factors have imposed temporal decrease of total runoff on the watershed while the influence of two factors on annual streamflow loss was bigger in lower flow rate.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Assessment of Long-term Groundwater Use Increase and Forest Growth Impact on Watershed Hydrology","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2021-11-01 17:45:11","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-791384/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2021-10-20T03:42:01+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2021-08-08T22:38:34+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Water Resources Management","date":"2021-08-07T02:13:41+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"water-resources-management","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"warm","sideBox":"Learn more about [Water Resources Management](https://www.springer.com/journal/11269)","snPcode":"11269","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11269/3","title":"Water Resources Management","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"b36005c7-70d5-41e6-b4c1-d5455e7e4048","owner":[],"postedDate":"November 1st, 2021","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":8241329,"name":"Marine and Freshwater Biology"},{"id":8241330,"name":"Forestry"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2022-08-04T08:02:40+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2021-11-01 17:45:11","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-791384","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-791384","identity":"rs-791384","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"FbvkV6FR0MCFSLy54lSbu","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}