Impact of Background Voltage Distortion and Unbalances on Phase-Crossed-Frequency Harmonics

Impact of Background Voltage Distortion and Unbalances on Phase-Crossed-Frequency Harmonics | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Impact of Background Voltage Distortion and Unbalances on Phase-Crossed-Frequency Harmonics Wélington Borsato Rodrigues, Paulo Fernando Ribeiro, Fernando Nunes Belchior This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6552378/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This paper investigates the impact of harmonic distortion and system unbalances on harmonic generation via simulations and measurements. The interactions between different phases, frequencies, and resonances are examined, highlighting their effects on phase and cross-frequency behavior. Amplifications and attenuations occur and are studied in a micro- grid system. The analysis focuses on the influence of background voltage distortions at the 5 th , 23 rd , 49 th , and 103 rd harmonic orders, as well as unbalances, under various simulation scenarios. Finally, comparisons are made to illustrate the relationship between background voltage distortions and the existing non- linear loads within the system. Harmonics resonance capacitor bank industrial environment crossed - frequency background distortion Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6552378","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":449434307,"identity":"9543e1a8-689a-4ca0-ad66-82ce964f4888","order_by":0,"name":"Wélington Borsato Rodrigues","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA7UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACA4YEECWR2PjgA5BmYydeS3Kz4QyQFmZitICBRHqbNA+IQUiLeXvztg8Pfh2Wk5+R2CBt82ubPB8zA+OHjzm4tcicOVY8I7HvsLHB7cQG49y+24ZtzAzMkjO34dYiIZFjzJDYczhxg3RiQ3Juz21GoBY2Zl4itNTPn53YcNiy57Y9cVoSfhxOYLj/sLGZ4cftRMJaeI4VMyQ2pBtuuPOwmbG34XZyGzNjM36/sDdvZvzxx1pefkb68x8//ty2nd/efPDDRzxawICxDYXB2EBAPQj8wWCMglEwCkbBKEAAAG+0VRpySpspAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Federal University of Itajubá Itajubá, Brazil","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wélington","middleName":"Borsato","lastName":"Rodrigues","suffix":""},{"id":449434333,"identity":"86ececee-edef-4996-9984-242957fd5f66","order_by":1,"name":"Paulo Fernando Ribeiro","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Federal University of Itajubá Itajubá, Brazil","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Paulo","middleName":"Fernando","lastName":"Ribeiro","suffix":""},{"id":449434428,"identity":"9cb4e945-79fb-4f5b-9ec6-870f36557887","order_by":2,"name":"Fernando Nunes Belchior","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABAklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACewbmBmYGAyCL+QDjgw8VIAZzA14thg2MUC1sCcyGM86AtDDi12JwAKSFAayFTZq3DcQioMWwvbHxc0GBTT4DG+8BCd55tdH87UAtPyq24fYLz8Fm6RkGaZYNbHwJBpLbjufOOMzYwNhz5jZuW2YktjHzGBw2YJDvMUgw3HYstwGohZmxDbcWg/sPoVrYeAwOJM45ljufoJYbjHAthg0HG2pyNxDSYtiT2CzNY5BmwMbGY8zYcOxA7kagloP4/GLPfvjgZ54/Ngb8bDzmv//U1OXOO3/44IMfFbi1wAEbhDoMJg8QVo8AdaQoHgWjYBSMghECAGrtVnJKsyXqAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Federal University of Itajubá Itajubá, Brazil","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fernando","middleName":"Nunes","lastName":"Belchior","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-29 04:30:22","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6552378/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6552378/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":82016137,"identity":"54b937b3-c2ea-4e40-8966-0acc8be70e08","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-06 03:41:23","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":503736,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ImpactofBackgroundVoltageDistortion.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6552378/v1_covered_e1004d07-44ec-4038-8c44-2ae4ae0abff1.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eImpact of Background Voltage Distortion and Unbalances on Phase-Crossed-Frequency Harmonics\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"Federal University of Itajubá Itajubá, Brazil ","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Harmonics, resonance, capacitor bank, industrial environment, crossed - 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