Hybrid Global and Sub-domain Approach for Accurate Hourly Cooling Load Forecasting inShort, Medium, and Long-term Horizons

preprint OA: closed
Full text JSON View at publisher

Abstract

Abstract Accurate hourly cooling load forecasting is essential for optimizing HVAC system management, reducing energy consumption, and achieving sustainability goals. This paper presents the Hybrid Global and Sub-domain Approach (HGSA), an innovative methodology that integrates advanced feature engineering, domain-based data segmentation, and ensemble modeling to achieve precise cooling load predictions across short-term, medium-term, and long-term horizons. HGSA effectively addresses the challenges of dynamic cooling load patterns through model fusion and periodic pattern recognition. Validated on real-world datasets, the proposed approach demonstrates superior performance over state-of-the-art methods, including Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Autoregressive Model (AR), and Facebook Prophet. Its high accuracy, adaptability to existing models, and efficient deployment make HGSA a robust and practical solution for applied scenarios, such as building energy saving management, HVAC optimization, and energy strategy development. The results establish HGSA as a reliable method for precise cooling load forecasting and strategic energy planning.
Full text 10,638 characters · extracted from preprint-html · click to expand
Hybrid Global and Sub-domain Approach for Accurate Hourly Cooling Load Forecasting inShort, Medium, and Long-term Horizons | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Hybrid Global and Sub-domain Approach for Accurate Hourly Cooling Load Forecasting inShort, Medium, and Long-term Horizons Hangyu Che, Masafumi Kinoshita, Shiyu Lu This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581212/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Accurate hourly cooling load forecasting is essential for optimizing HVAC system management, reducing energy consumption, and achieving sustainability goals. This paper presents the Hybrid Global and Sub-domain Approach (HGSA), an innovative methodology that integrates advanced feature engineering, domain-based data segmentation, and ensemble modeling to achieve precise cooling load predictions across short-term, medium-term, and long-term horizons. HGSA effectively addresses the challenges of dynamic cooling load patterns through model fusion and periodic pattern recognition. Validated on real-world datasets, the proposed approach demonstrates superior performance over state-of-the-art methods, including Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Autoregressive Model (AR), and Facebook Prophet. Its high accuracy, adaptability to existing models, and efficient deployment make HGSA a robust and practical solution for applied scenarios, such as building energy saving management, HVAC optimization, and energy strategy development. The results establish HGSA as a reliable method for precise cooling load forecasting and strategic energy planning. Hybrid Modeling Load Forecasting BEMS HVAC Control Optimization Time Series Data Forecasting Full Text Additional Declarations Competing interest reported. Author Hangyu Che has a patent pending related to the methodology described in this study, which is owned by Hitachi Ltd. All other authors declare that they have no competing financial or non-financial interests to disclose. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7581212","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":513419005,"identity":"1f877b35-0963-4de7-8943-ef36c65857fb","order_by":0,"name":"Hangyu Che","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAt0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAwYGNgaGigM8DCBGAvFazhzg4SFNC2PbAQawFqKAuUTyswcf592RsWc//OzBAwa7PIJaLGekmRvO3PaMh4cnzdwggSG5mLDDbuSwSfNuOwz0Sw6bRALDgcQGorT8nQPUwv+GFC2MDUAtEkTbcuaZmWTPMaCWG8/MJBIMkonQcjz5mcSPmsP27P3JzyR/VNgR1sIgkIBiAkH1QMB/gBhVo2AUjIJRMKIBAH9WOnzZWhUiAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Hitachi China Research Laboratory","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hangyu","middleName":"","lastName":"Che","suffix":""},{"id":513419007,"identity":"25b045bc-cd71-4bdc-8053-77ac94b7c8b2","order_by":1,"name":"Masafumi Kinoshita","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hitachi China Research Laboratory","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Masafumi","middleName":"","lastName":"Kinoshita","suffix":""},{"id":513419008,"identity":"ff8e0f0e-00ea-4401-95f4-dec93caae2ce","order_by":2,"name":"Shiyu Lu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hitachi China Research Laboratory","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shiyu","middleName":"","lastName":"Lu","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-09-10 09:23:51","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581212/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581212/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":92360316,"identity":"9ef04146-05ec-4460-a507-1a110b4db513","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-09-28 16:31:58","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":753956,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"HybridGlobalandSubdomainApproachforAccurateHourlyCoolingLoadForecastinginShortMediumandLongtermHorizons.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7581212/v1_covered_31e2f22a-7309-46e2-8fdf-f43f1a210bcc.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"Competing interest reported. Author Hangyu Che has a patent pending related to the methodology described in this study, which is owned by Hitachi Ltd. All other authors declare that they have no competing financial or non-financial interests to disclose.","formattedTitle":"Hybrid Global and Sub-domain Approach for Accurate Hourly Cooling Load Forecasting inShort, Medium, and Long-term Horizons","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Hybrid Modeling, Load Forecasting, BEMS, HVAC Control Optimization, Time Series Data Forecasting","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581212/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581212/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eAccurate hourly cooling load forecasting is essential for optimizing HVAC system management, reducing energy consumption, and achieving sustainability goals. This paper presents the Hybrid Global and Sub-domain Approach (HGSA), an innovative methodology that integrates advanced feature engineering, domain-based data segmentation, and ensemble modeling to achieve precise cooling load predictions across short-term, medium-term, and long-term horizons. HGSA effectively addresses the challenges of dynamic cooling load patterns through model fusion and periodic pattern recognition. Validated on real-world datasets, the proposed approach demonstrates superior performance over state-of-the-art methods, including Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Autoregressive Model (AR), and Facebook Prophet. Its high accuracy, adaptability to existing models, and efficient deployment make HGSA a robust and practical solution for applied scenarios, such as building energy saving management, HVAC optimization, and energy strategy development. The results establish HGSA as a reliable method for precise cooling load forecasting and strategic energy planning.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Hybrid Global and Sub-domain Approach for Accurate Hourly Cooling Load Forecasting inShort, Medium, and Long-term Horizons","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-09-18 16:34:54","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7581212/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"d7a2d6c6-bae1-4b79-ae3b-2dbfd147743e","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 18th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-11-08T17:38:21+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-09-18 16:34:54","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7581212","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7581212","identity":"rs-7581212","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: preprint-html

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Citation neighborhood (no data yet)

We don't have any in-corpus citations linked to this paper yet. This is a recent paper (2025) — citers typically take a year or two to land, and the OpenAlex reference graph may still be filling in.

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-05-20T01:45:00.602351+00:00