Fault detection method for flexible DC grid based on current limiting reactance voltage variability

Fault detection method for flexible DC grid based on current limiting reactance voltage variability | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Fault detection method for flexible DC grid based on current limiting reactance voltage variability Zhihui Zeng, Yingying Zheng, Yanfang Wei, Xiaowei Wang, Jiayin Li This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4306376/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 22 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in Electrical Engineering → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract AbstractFast and reliable identification of DC line faults is the key to the stable operation of flexible DC grids. Based on the boundary element characteristics of DC lines, a fault detection method for flexible DC grids based on current limiting reactance voltage variability is proposed. First, the equivalent model of DC grid when different faults occur is established, and the filtered voltage change rate is used as the protection startup criterion by taking advantage of the rapid change of fault voltage. Secondly, according to the characteristics of voltage change at both ends of the current limiting reactor of the DC line after the fault, the peak factor is used to extract the voltage change characteristics to constitute the internal and external faults criterion. Finally, the ratio of energy values of positive and negative current limiting reactance voltages on the DC line is calculated to constitute the fault pole selection criterion. Simulation results show that the proposed protection scheme can effectively identify internal and external faults and fault poles, and its principle is simple, with low communication requirements, strong resistance to transition resistance, strong anti-interference ability, and can better meet the requirements of DC grid for the protection of the rapidity and selectivity. Flexible DC grid Current limiting reactance voltage Smoothdata filtering Peak factor Energy Fault detection Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 22 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in Electrical Engineering → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 01 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 31 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 23 Jul, 2024 Reviews received at journal 27 Jun, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Jun, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 12 Jun, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 12 May, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 05 May, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 22 Apr, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 22 Apr, 2024 First submitted to journal 22 Apr, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4306376","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":294323272,"identity":"716dc46f-fe4a-4642-8b2d-8c48c535d593","order_by":0,"name":"Zhihui Zeng","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAy0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC+/aG5AcJFRL1bewNRGox4DnwzODBGQvGfp4DxGqRSHwg+bClgnHmjAQitZgzJCcYJDZIMBvcfLzxBkONTTRBLZYNxxIeJO6QYDO4nVZswXAsLbeBoJ6DPUBbzkjwGNzOMZNgbDhMhJbD/B8kEtskJAxuniFSi8ExhgSQFgPJGTxEapHsYUgzSDgjkcDPA/RLAjF+4Zd/kPzwR0VdAhv74Y03PtTYEOEXZEdKJJCiHKKFVB2jYBSMglEwMgAAD79DhkySR9QAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Henan Polytechnic University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhihui","middleName":"","lastName":"Zeng","suffix":""},{"id":294323273,"identity":"eecb2bd9-e1f1-4db2-bc92-49f633ab20df","order_by":1,"name":"Yingying Zheng","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Henan Polytechnic University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yingying","middleName":"","lastName":"Zheng","suffix":""},{"id":294323274,"identity":"76e666b5-1cd4-4ec0-b584-6987df9f270e","order_by":2,"name":"Yanfang Wei","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Henan Polytechnic University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yanfang","middleName":"","lastName":"Wei","suffix":""},{"id":294323275,"identity":"f4636982-20ee-4b7c-b15a-162a83ec29e6","order_by":3,"name":"Xiaowei Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Xi'an University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiaowei","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":294323276,"identity":"d1e5b2a3-9970-4dd3-bd2a-1122aa4214ad","order_by":4,"name":"Jiayin Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Henan Polytechnic University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiayin","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-04-22 13:59:32","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4306376/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4306376/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-024-02734-9","type":"published","date":"2024-09-22T15:57:55+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":65104060,"identity":"19d4c82a-420a-4f8c-9083-7ca8b3e4c2b0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-23 16:11:20","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":405813,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"FaultdetectionmethodforflexibleDCgridbasedoncurrentlimitingreactancevoltagevariability.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4306376/v1_covered_ac9a1140-fe18-4ab4-a0dc-470e54f6325d.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Fault detection method for flexible DC grid based on current limiting reactance voltage variability","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"electrical-engineering","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"elen","sideBox":"Learn more about [Electrical Engineering](http://link.springer.com/journal/202)","snPcode":"202","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/202/3","title":"Electrical Engineering","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Flexible DC grid, Current limiting reactance voltage, Smoothdata filtering, Peak factor, Energy, Fault detection","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4306376/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4306376/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"AbstractFast and reliable identification of DC line faults is the key to the stable operation of flexible DC grids. Based on the boundary element characteristics of DC lines, a fault detection method for flexible DC grids based on current limiting reactance voltage variability is proposed. First, the equivalent model of DC grid when different faults occur is established, and the filtered voltage change rate is used as the protection startup criterion by taking advantage of the rapid change of fault voltage. Secondly, according to the characteristics of voltage change at both ends of the current limiting reactor of the DC line after the fault, the peak factor is used to extract the voltage change characteristics to constitute the internal and external faults criterion. Finally, the ratio of energy values of positive and negative current limiting reactance voltages on the DC line is calculated to constitute the fault pole selection criterion. 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