Multilevel analysis of the factors associated with teenage pregnancy Ethiopia; using the recent 2019 Ethiopia mini demographic and health survey

Abstract Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is a major reproductive health problem. It can result in serious health and social issues. Even if teenage pregnancy has adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes, the magnitude is still high in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of teenage pregnancy. Method: This study was based on the nationally representative 2019 Mini Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data. We used a total weighted sample of 2100 teenage in the survey. A multi-level logistic regression analysis was used to account for the hierarchal nature of the DHS data. In the multivariable multilevel analysis, those variables with p-value < 0.05 were considered as significantly associated with teenage pregnancy Result: Based on this study result the prevalence of teenage pregnancy is 11.8%. Use of contraceptives (AOR=8.517832, 95% CI [5.241808, 13.8413]), household head age (AOR=6.031393, 95% CI: [3.850781, 9.446837]), educational stats (AOR=0.5053326, 95% CI [0.3261638, 0.7829227]), community wealth status (AOR=1.631567, 95% CI [0.9582524, 2.777985]) were factors significantly associated with teenage pregnancy. Conclusion: Based on this study result the prevalence of teenage pregnancy among teenagers is still high. The multilevel modeling approach used in this study enables us to identify some factors at both the individual and community levels that are associated with teenage pregnancy. Educational status, household head age, contraceptive usage, and community wealth status have shown a significant positive association with teenage pregnancy.