The effectiveness of mosquito-proof storm drains on adult mosquito and mosquito larvae abundance: protocol of the IDAlErt storm drAin randomiSed controlled trial (IDEAS) in Barcelona, Spain

The effectiveness of mosquito-proof storm drains on adult mosquito and mosquito larvae abundance: protocol of the IDAlErt storm drAin randomiSed controlled trial (IDEAS) in Barcelona, Spain | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Study protocol The effectiveness of mosquito-proof storm drains on adult mosquito and mosquito larvae abundance: protocol of the IDAlErt storm drAin randomiSed controlled trial (IDEAS) in Barcelona, Spain Marina Treskova, Tomás Montalvo, Joacim Rocklöv, Charles Hatfield, and 11 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3870309/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background: Climate change is creating newly habitable environments in European cities for mosquitoes of the Aedes and Culex genera, known vectors of arboviruses such as dengue and West Nile. Urban infrastructure interventions can be effective adaptation measures for future-proofing cities, although empirical evidence of their effectiveness is scarce. The Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB) is structurally modifying urban storm drains in 2023 in Barcelona, Spain, to prevent the accumulation of stagnant water necessary for Aedes and Culex mosquito reproduction. Methods: In partnership with ASPB, we are conducting the IDEAS randomised controlled trial (RCT) in Barcelona to investigate the effects of mosquito-proofing storm drains on the abundance of adult Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens mosquitoes encompassing and in the vicinity of drains. Using a parallel-arm design, we have randomised 44 drains to receive mosquito-proofing modification (intervention) or not (control). The primary outcome is the combined counts of total adult Ae.albopictus and Cx.pipiens mosquitoes captured using an entomological aspirator. Secondary outcomes include the presence and total counts of mosquito larvae in water samples. We are measuring these outcomes weekly at each drain starting on 26 June 2023 until no mosquitos are detected. Results: We will quantify outcomes comparing mosquito-proofed and control drains using generalised linear mixed models. We will also conduct stratified analyses by species, sex, and sensitivity analyses, including environmental and sociodemographic factors. Conclusion: Our trial is motivated by the importance of testing urban infrastructure interventions to inform investments for future-proofing European cities against climate change-driven proliferation of infectious disease vectors. Trial registration: This trial is registered as a trial in Open Science Framework Registry. Registration DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/JZQAH Adaptation Aedes climate change Culex mosquito intervention urban infrastructure vector-borne Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files Additionalfile1.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3870309","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Study protocol","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":267584379,"identity":"91d8f524-0119-4224-bfdf-ba4bbd8721bd","order_by":0,"name":"Marina Treskova","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Marina","middleName":"","lastName":"Treskova","suffix":""},{"id":267584380,"identity":"1ed61973-1f93-4d2a-a3fe-c5c5ff037c5f","order_by":1,"name":"Tomás Montalvo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tomás","middleName":"","lastName":"Montalvo","suffix":""},{"id":267584381,"identity":"bc300d21-3b07-47f3-b00c-692af923b4de","order_by":2,"name":"Joacim Rocklöv","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Joacim","middleName":"","lastName":"Rocklöv","suffix":""},{"id":267584382,"identity":"b8a1b1b1-a0e4-4c02-a6d3-84a182f55c4b","order_by":3,"name":"Charles Hatfield","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Heidelberg University Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Charles","middleName":"","lastName":"Hatfield","suffix":""},{"id":267584383,"identity":"3d537e97-4614-4f29-a607-f4e9ceec1db9","order_by":4,"name":"Frederic Bartumeus","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Theoretical and Computational Ecology Group, Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Frederic","middleName":"","lastName":"Bartumeus","suffix":""},{"id":267584384,"identity":"d823e9ab-7103-49a4-8185-cfae19a66db0","order_by":5,"name":"Shouro Dasgupta","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shouro","middleName":"","lastName":"Dasgupta","suffix":""},{"id":267584385,"identity":"25f5c0cd-6a79-49cd-853e-18e573e3fa96","order_by":6,"name":"João Encarnação","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Irideon","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"João","middleName":"","lastName":"Encarnação","suffix":""},{"id":267584386,"identity":"c42619aa-b3fd-44fb-a6dc-88a27e0a1830","order_by":7,"name":"Rachel Lowe","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rachel","middleName":"","lastName":"Lowe","suffix":""},{"id":267584387,"identity":"980e9daa-ce38-4fb1-b9be-5a7c5019a2ca","order_by":8,"name":"Jan C. 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Spain","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Adaptation, Aedes, climate change, Culex, mosquito intervention, urban infrastructure, vector-borne","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3870309/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3870309/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eBackground: Climate change is creating newly habitable environments in European cities for mosquitoes of the \u003cem\u003eAedes\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eCulex\u003c/em\u003e genera, known vectors of arboviruses such as dengue and West Nile. Urban infrastructure interventions can be effective adaptation measures for future-proofing cities, although empirical evidence of their effectiveness is scarce. The Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB) is structurally modifying urban storm drains in 2023 in Barcelona, Spain, to prevent the accumulation of stagnant water necessary for \u003cem\u003eAedes\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eCulex\u003c/em\u003e mosquito reproduction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMethods: In partnership with ASPB, we are conducting the IDEAS randomised controlled trial (RCT) in Barcelona to investigate the effects of mosquito-proofing storm drains on the abundance of adult \u003cem\u003eAedes albopictus \u003c/em\u003eand \u003cem\u003eCulex pipiens\u003c/em\u003e mosquitoes encompassing and in the vicinity of drains. Using a parallel-arm design, we have randomised 44 drains to receive mosquito-proofing modification (intervention) or not (control). The primary outcome is the combined counts of total adult \u003cem\u003eAe.albopictus\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eCx.pipiens\u003c/em\u003e mosquitoes captured using an entomological aspirator. Secondary outcomes include the presence and total counts of mosquito larvae in water samples. We are measuring these outcomes weekly at each drain starting on 26 June 2023 until no mosquitos are detected.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResults: We will quantify outcomes comparing mosquito-proofed and control drains using generalised linear mixed models. We will also conduct stratified analyses by species, sex, and sensitivity analyses, including environmental and sociodemographic factors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConclusion: Our trial is motivated by the importance of testing urban infrastructure interventions to inform investments for future-proofing European cities against climate change-driven proliferation of infectious disease vectors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTrial registration:\u003c/strong\u003e This trial is registered as a trial in Open Science Framework Registry. 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