Low-Power Ground Station Design for the TinyGS Platform Utilizing LoRaWAN Terrestrial Communications

Low-Power Ground Station Design for the TinyGS Platform Utilizing LoRaWAN Terrestrial Communications | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Low-Power Ground Station Design for the TinyGS Platform Utilizing LoRaWAN Terrestrial Communications Thanh Tuan Phan, Le-Huy Trinh, Binh Phuong Nguyen, Dinh Duy Phan This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8705518/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 7 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This paper presents the design and implementation of an autonomous, low-power ground station optimized for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication and long-range terrestrial data backhaul. Unlike conventional systems reliant on power-intensive WiFi or wired infrastructure, the proposed architecture utilizes LoRa technology for both satellite-to-ground reception and ground-to-server transmission. The system integrates the Simplified General Perturbations 4 (SGP4) orbital propagator for precise satellite trajectory prediction and is powered entirely by a solar energy harvesting unit. Experimental results demonstrate successful signal acquisition from various LEO satellites. With the optimized hardware design, the proposed system successfully captured nearly 5,000 packets from orbiting satellites, achieving a CRC error-free rate of over 62%. Furthermore, a detailed energy consumption analysis was performed to develop an adaptive duty-cycling algorithm. By dynamically balancing active and sleep modes based on real-time battery state-of-charge, the system ensures uninterrupted operational continuity even under suboptimal solar conditions. The findings suggest that this LoRa-centric approach offers a resilient, off-grid solution for remote satellite monitoring where traditional connectivity is unavailable. LEO satellite Ground Station LoRa LoRaWAN TinyGS Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviews received at journal 29 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 Apr, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 06 Apr, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 05 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 12 Mar, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 30 Jan, 2026 First submitted to journal 26 Jan, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8705518","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":619158765,"identity":"311682c9-9602-41da-ae0b-7a86458942e2","order_by":0,"name":"Thanh Tuan Phan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Thanh","middleName":"Tuan","lastName":"Phan","suffix":""},{"id":619158766,"identity":"c7739147-1de0-4e18-ad15-7f86db53ee3d","order_by":1,"name":"Le-Huy Trinh","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAsUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACAxDxoIKBB0RLEKuFsSHhDAMPD2laEtsYGIjXYi6RY/4gcd5hGXsG5oO3eRgO5xHUYjkjx7AhcdthoMPYkq2BWooJO+wGXAuPmTQPQ1piA3Fa5oC08H8jRUsD2BY2oBYbIrSceVY4I+FYOg/PYTZjyzkGxGg5nrzhw4caa3v29uaHN95USBDWwsDAYQChmcEmEFYPBOwPiFI2CkbBKBgFIxgAAB8uNnxlCSGlAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Le-Huy","middleName":"","lastName":"Trinh","suffix":""},{"id":619158768,"identity":"8a24fe05-74a9-4570-877f-2c52525f9731","order_by":2,"name":"Binh Phuong Nguyen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"RFThings CO.,LTD","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Binh","middleName":"Phuong","lastName":"Nguyen","suffix":""},{"id":619158769,"identity":"ee42513f-a303-4425-a0ee-e152917b2c4d","order_by":3,"name":"Dinh Duy Phan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dinh","middleName":"Duy","lastName":"Phan","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-01-27 04:08:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8705518/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8705518/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":106724525,"identity":"1f2ba20e-2d77-4ff8-a401-8d24288d6dc0","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-04-12 18:28:27","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4092607,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SNLowPowerGroundStationDesignfortheTinyGSPlatformPWC20260129.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8705518/v1_covered_56680475-5ea2-4ead-a42b-ff7a7e9751b4.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Low-Power Ground Station Design for the TinyGS Platform Utilizing LoRaWAN Terrestrial Communications","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"wireless-personal-communications","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"wire","sideBox":"Learn more about [Wireless Personal Communications](https://www.springer.com/journal/11277)","snPcode":"11277","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11277/3","title":"Wireless Personal Communications","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"LEO satellite, Ground Station, LoRa, LoRaWAN, TinyGS","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8705518/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8705518/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThis paper presents the design and implementation of an autonomous, low-power ground station optimized for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication and long-range terrestrial data backhaul. 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