Bibliometric Analysis of Research Conducted Between 2000-2024 in the Field of Systems Theory: Conceptual Foundations

Bibliometric Analysis of Research Conducted Between 2000-2024 in the Field of Systems Theory: Conceptual Foundations | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Systematic Review Bibliometric Analysis of Research Conducted Between 2000-2024 in the Field of Systems Theory: Conceptual Foundations Şengül Coşkun This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5623017/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Systems are dynamic elements composed of interrelated components and interactions organized to achieve a specific goal. As system complexity increases, the interactions between system states and problems emerge. Therefore, system models need to exhibit a holistic approach, track behavior changes, and be flexible in response to changing events. This study examines the research conducted in the field of systems theory between 2000 and 2024 through bibliometric analysis within the framework of systems approach, systems thinking, and system dynamics concepts. It is shown that systems consist of interrelated components and that these relationships contain non-linear, cyclic causal structures. While systems theory provides a holistic approach to problems, the systems approach offers a flexible perspective on changing phenomena. Systems thinking is a concept that encourages the holistic examination of processes and focuses on the relationships of parts, whereas system dynamics, by considering feedback loops and dynamic elements, ensures a comprehensive understanding of the system and is used for designing sustainable policies. This study, using bibliometric analysis—a method that develops techniques to measure scientific communication—emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary tools for understanding and managing complex systems holistically Systems Engineering Industrial Engineering System Theory System Thinking System Dynamics Bibliometric Analysis Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Figure 16 Figure 17 Figure 18 1. Introduction The complexity of today's world presents significant challenges in understanding and managing systems. Systems theory is critical to understanding the dynamics and behavior of these complex systems. Systems theory provides a powerful conceptual framework for understanding the multidimensional structure of a system and the relationships between its elements. A system is a dynamic entity composed of interrelated components and interactions that are structured to achieve a specific goal. As system complexity increases, the relationships between system states and problems become more apparent. For this reason, it is very important that system models take a holistic approach, monitor changes in behavior and adapt to changing conditions. A system is more than the simple sum of its parts, consisting of interrelated components and interactions. System problems are complex questions with circular causal relationships, often nonlinear and associated with the limitations of analytical procedures. The needs and requirements of a system indicate the purpose of the system. A system must have a specific purpose and its parts must interact with each other. A system is made up of dynamic elements and relationships between these elements that are structured to fulfill specific functions. The systems approach provides an interdisciplinary understanding and allows a system to be studied holistically. This approach examines closed and open systems by analyzing the relationships between systems and the connections between subsystems. Open systems can continuously adjust themselves by interacting with their environment, while closed systems can experience entropy. A system is understood together with its environment, which refers to all other systems outside the system and the resources the system uses to fulfill its functions. The main advantage of the systems approach is to consider internal and external environmental factors holistically, classify problems comprehensively and develop solutions. Systems thinking also encourages the holistic study of processes and focuses on the relationships between parts. System dynamics provides a holistic understanding of the system, taking into account feedback loops and dynamic elements, and is used to design sustainable policies. Systems thinking focuses on a holistic examination of processes and part relationships, while system dynamics provides a holistic understanding of systems, taking into account feedback loops and dynamic elements. In addition, systems theory and bibliometric analysis provide techniques and methods for predicting system behavior and measuring scholarly communication. This study comprehensively examines concepts such as systems theory, systems approach, systems thinking, and systems dynamics, and examines the current structure and trends of scholarly communication in this field using bibliometric analysis methods. The results of this study are expected to provide important insights into the development and application of interdisciplinary systems approaches. This study contributes to the understanding of the theoretical foundations of the field of systems theory by providing a comprehensive conceptual framework of key concepts, approaches and relationships. In addition, by utilizing bibliometric analysis methods, we provide a better understanding of developments in the field by describing the most up-to-date information in the field of systems theory, such as research trends, key institutions, and authors. It also contributes to the creation of a knowledge map of the field by shedding light on the intellectual structure, interdisciplinary relationships and knowledge flows of systems theory research. In addition, bibliometric analysis can help identify research gaps and potential future research areas. Finally, this study can contribute to strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration by assessing the interaction between systems theory and other disciplines. The main aim of this study is to present in detail the current state of the field through bibliometric analysis of the system, to provide an in-depth explanation of the conceptual foundations, to identify research trends, to map knowledge networks, to identify research gaps, and to evaluate interdisciplinary interactions and provide direction for future research. Theoretical research. To achieve these goals, a bibliometric analysis of studies on systems theory from 2000 to 2024 was conducted. The bibliometric analysis contributes to the understanding of the theoretical foundations of the field of systems theory by providing a comprehensive conceptual framework for key concepts, approaches and relationships. At the same time, research trends, key institutions and authors are revealed, providing a better understanding of developments in the field. 2. Conceptual Framework 2.1. System Description A system is made up of interrelated components and interactions that make the whole greater than the simple sum of these components. Systems problems are complex questions that are related to the limitations of analytical procedures in science and often have non-linear and circular causal relationships. Since classical science is inadequate to solve these problems, a new perspective is needed. System theory provides an approach that considers all aspects of a problem and focuses on the interactions between components (Akkuş & İzci, 2018 ). Meeting the requirements and requests of the system expresses the purpose of the system. Systems must have a specific purpose and their parts must interact with each other. Systems are wholes consisting of interacting elements to realize a specific purpose (Şenaras & Sezen, 2017 ). A system consists of dynamic elements structured to fulfill certain functions and the relationships between these elements (Bayraktar, 2017 ). The parts/sub-systems that make up the system represent the elements of the system and the flows and connections between them represent the relationships (Şenaras & Sezen, 2017 ). Elements are not static points but events. Relationships and elements take place in a certain order and level (Bayraktar, 2017 ). 2.2. System Approach The increasing complexity of systems has led to the interplay between system states and problems. Therefore, system models need to take a holistic approach, track changes in behavior and be flexible to changing phenomena. While traditional analytical approaches are inadequate, the behavior of systems results from the holistic interaction of parts, not individual parts. Therefore, it is important to understand the interdependence and interaction between parts (Şenaras & Sezen, 2017 ). Systems approaches provide an interdisciplinary understanding that allows interdisciplinary systems to be examined holistically. According to this approach, a system consists of subsystems and these subsystems affect each other and affect the overall system (Akkuş & İzci, 2018 ). The systems approach examines closed and open systems by analyzing the relationships between systems and the connections between subsystems. While open systems can adjust themselves by interacting with their environment, closed systems can be doomed to entropy (Kaban, 1994 ). Therefore, it is assumed that systems that interact with the environment can be maintained in a sustainable way (Akkuş & İzci, 2018 ). Systems are understood together with their environment. The environment refers to all other systems outside the system and the resources the system uses to perform its work. The system/environment relationship and the system/system relationship are different. A system considered together with its environment is defined by system/environment and system/system relationships. The environment includes all elements that are outside the system but are present in the system in a certain order. A system has boundaries that separate it from its environment and make it aware of its environment. These boundaries can be physical or virtual. Systems function by exchanging energy, matter and information and using these resources in specific ways. Systems that operate autonomously perform certain functions through their own programming. Systems are composed of materials rather than organizational forms of these materials. Complex, open systems involve simultaneous interactions and feedback loops. There are functional differences between natural and artificial systems. Art systems are not seen as physical machines, but as structures designed with relationships at different levels (Bayraktar, 2017 ). The advantages of the systems approach are that it offers the opportunity to consider internal and external environmental factors as a whole, to classify problems comprehensively and to develop solutions. However, the systems approach also has inadequacies; its focus on analyzing the current situation and its disconnection with the future are some of them (Kaban, 1994 ). 2.3. System Thinking Systemic thinking is becoming increasingly popular in many fields, especially in evaluation. The reasons for this are quite varied, but a more fundamental explanation is that systems thinking offers a different model of thinking. Despite this, there is disagreement about what systems thinking is. In addition to popular culture, the idea of systems thinking is found in many scientific fields, including planning and evaluation, education, business and management, public health, sociology and psychology, cognitive science, human development, agriculture, sustainability, environmental science, ecology and biology, earth science and other physical sciences. Systemic thinking can influence existing concepts, theories and knowledge in each of these fields. However, systemic thinking can also be vague and amorphous. There are many conflicting models and claims that need to be reconciled, and past attempts to reconcile the various models in the “universe” of systems can be better described as methodological pluralism (Cabrera and Cabrera, 2023 ). There is considerable disagreement among scholars about what exactly the concept of systems thinking is. These can be explained as follows; Some scientists consider systems thinking as equivalent to systems sciences (nonlinear dynamics, complexity, chaos). That is, systems thinking is defined as a clear concept that encompasses the content and approaches of these specific scientific disciplines (Cabrera and Cabrera, 2023 ). Other scholars, however, think that the meaning of systems thinking is ambiguous and amorphous. This is because there are various and different views on the definition of systems thinking among systems scientists. Some trace its origins to different sources such as von Bertalanffy, Aristotle, Lao Tsu. Also, while some see it as a limited taxonomic approach such as a “to-do list”, others consider it as a more comprehensive concept (Cabrera & Cabrera, 2023 ). Systems thinking is a holistic, dynamic and interdisciplinary approach that considers processes as a whole, focuses on the interrelationships and interactions of parts, seeks to understand complex elements such as customer behavior and firm-customer interactions, and emphasizes the dynamic and changing nature of processes (Ng et al., 2009 ). Systems thinking is defined as a core competency in education for sustainable development in UNESCO's “Framework for Action for Education 2030” published in 2015. Therefore, systems thinking should express the holistic and systematic perspective necessary to achieve sustainable development goals. The fact that research is mainly concentrated in the field of science education suggests that systems thinking is an approach to understanding natural systems, ecological relationships and complex problems (Bozkurt & Bozkurt, 2024 ). 2.4. System Dynamics System dynamics is a subfield of systems thinking that emerged in the 1960s when Forrester and colleagues applied feedback theory to understand the structure and dynamics of industrial and urban systems (Mirchi et al., 2012 ).System dynamics is an approach to systems thinking that focuses on understanding and modeling dynamic interactions in complex systems (Shire et al., 2020 ). In the last 50 years, system dynamics has become a comprehensive methodology used in various fields (Mirchi et al., 2012 ). Introduced as a modeling and simulation methodology for long-term decision making in dynamic industrial management problems, system dynamics has since been applied to various business policy and strategy problems (Vlachos et al., 2007 ). System dynamics applications can be divided into three main groups (Mirchi et al., 2012 ). - Predictive simulation models: used to quantitatively simulate the processes of specific subsystems (Mirchi et al., 2012 ). - Technical integrated models: aim to identify and characterize the basic feedback loops between two or more different subsystems (hydrological, ecological, socioeconomic, etc.) (Mirchi et al., 2012 ). - Participation and Shared Vision Model: Provides opportunities for shared vision planning, participatory modeling and joint learning for decision makers and stakeholders (Mirchi et al., 2012 ). The system dynamics method provides a holistic understanding of complex systems by considering interactions, feedback loops and delays in the system (Mirchi et al., 2012 ). The system dynamics method is useful in conceptualizing complex problems holistically (Mirchi et al., 2012 ). The holistic systems approach is one of the fundamental elements of systems thinking (Shire et al., 2020 ). Qualitative modeling tools of system dynamics method are causal loop diagrams, stock-flow diagrams, reference modes, system diagrams (Mirchi et al., 2012 ). Qualitative system dynamics models contribute to the understanding of complex problems and the development of sustainable solution strategies (Mirchi et al., 2012 ). System dynamics modeling is an effective approach for the management and design of complex systems (Shire et al., 2020 ). System dynamics modeling is a suitable tool for understanding the complex interactions between different disciplines and is also useful for analyzing market structures with high demand fluctuations, feedback and dynamic elements. System dynamics modeling makes important contributions to the understanding of such complex managerial problems and sustainable policy design (Soydan et al., 2012). 2.5. System Theory System theory is defined as a way of thinking in which everything in the world is interconnected, actions cause chain reactions in systems, and enables us to understand systems and solve problems with a holistic approach (Bozkurt, 2023 ). According to the theory, everything in the world and more specifically everything in a system is connected in some way. An action in a system made up of objects or parts is not an individual action, but an action that causes a series of reactions that cause changes in the system. Systems theory is defined as a thinking skill that identifies and understands the properties of various systems, predicts their behavior, and adjusts them to achieve desired effects. System theory helps to understand the whole system and to find and solve the underlying problems of the system (Bozkurt, 2023 ). General Systems Theory is a theory that unites all branches of science and was initiated by Von Bertalanffy in the 1920s (Kaban, 1994 ). System theory was developed by biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy in the 1920s and called “general system theory”. In the 20th century, systems theory has evolved from deterministic to probabilistic, from control engineering to soft systems approach and from partial to integrated approach (Loorbach et al., 2016 ). Initially oriented towards military and industrial applications, the theory later found wide application in the social sciences. Bertalanffy's contributions to systems theory, which is considered one of the most respected approaches in the 1960s, developed systems theory and made it applicable to all kinds of systems (Akkuş & İzci, 2018 ). In the 1970s and 1980s, integral systems theory became an important field focusing on the integration of social, economic and ecological processes. During this time, soft systems theory emerged, which takes a qualitative rather than a quantitative approach and is mostly applied to companies and organizations (Loorbach et al., 2016 ). In the 1990s, complex systems theory was introduced, which focuses on the co-evolutionary development of systems, based on the general systems theory published by von Bertalanffy (1968) in the 1930s. Complex systems theory is an interdisciplinary field that studies the nature of complex systems in nature, society, science and technology. It provides a framework for analyzing open systems composed of interacting components that evolve over time (Loorbach et al., 2016 ). Bibliometric Analysis Bibliometrics is defined as the quantitative analysis of written communication and publications. Basically, it develops techniques and methods for measuring and analyzing scholarly communication. Bibliometrics is also referred to as research techniques used in a wide variety of fields to study publications and their products (Manthorpe, 2005 ). Bibliometrics was defined by Pritchard as an important field that uses mathematical and statistical methods to measure and evaluate the output of scientific research (Webb et al., 2005 ). It is an analytical method that emerged in the early 20th century and aims to measure the number, distribution and use of scientific publications (Ball, 2017 ). “Bibliometrics is a discipline that involves the quantitative analysis of written communication used to understand the structure and development of scientific research” (Andres, 2009 ). The further development of each research direction often requires a review of past research. Bibliometrics is a type of quantitative science useful for tracking general research trends in a particular field (Bao et al., 2023 ). The idea of measuring scientific publications and citations is based on efforts to analyze bibliographic data of scientific literature. Accordingly, research on the registration, classification and citation relationships of scientific publications began in the 17th century, but the idea of systematically collecting and analyzing bibliographic data was further developed in the 18th century. Studying what scientists cited from each other was seen as important for understanding scientific communication and the flow of information. In the early 19th century, Eugene Garfield's development of the Scientific Citation Index (SCI) and similar bibliographic indexes greatly advanced research in this field. In the 20th century, advances in computer technology made it possible to analyze large-scale bibliographic data and develop bibliometric indexes. As a result, the systematic collection and analysis of bibliographic data from the scientific literature formed the basis of the field of bibliography (Gingras, 2016 ). In the 20th century, Cole and Eales conducted the first studies on the quantitative analysis of scientific publications in 1917 (Ball, 2017 ). The term statistical bibliography, which was used before the term bibliometrics, was first used by E. Wyndham Hulme in 1922 and aimed to analyze written communication processes. Hulme tried to illuminate the processes of science and technology by counting documents (Andres, 2009 ). In 1923, Hulme used the citation analysis method to investigate the relationships between scientific topics (Ball, 2017 ). Later, the use of the term was ignored for a long time, but it came to the fore again with Gosnell's article (Andres, 2009 ). In 1926, Gross and Gross tried to determine the importance of scientific journals by analyzing article references (Ball, 2017 ). The term "statistical bibliography" was criticized for its cumbersomeness and lack of descriptiveness. Instead, the term "bibliometrics", which refers to the application of mathematical and statistical methods to written communication tools, was proposed (Andres, 2009 ). In the 1930s, Lotka, Bradford, and Zipf developed a basic mathematical model known as the bibliometric law. In the 1960s, Eugene Garfield pioneered the development of bibliometric analysis by creating the Science Citation Index. The term “bibliometrics” has been widely accepted in the field of information science as it is considered more appropriate and useful (Pritchard, 1969 ). The creation of the Scientific Citation Index (SCI) was one of the most important developments in the field of bibliometrics. SCI facilitated citation analysis and bibliography. Since the 1970s, bibliometrics has been widely used in science policy and research management. Since then, bibliometrics has been increasingly used in areas such as evaluating scientific performance, formulating research policies, and analyzing scholarly communication (Ball, 2017 ). In his work published in 1987, Broadus ( 1987 ) emphasizes that bibliometrics is defined as the quantitative analysis of written documents, a field that includes citation analysis, publication count, and impact factor analysis. He addressed the theoretical and practical aspects of bibliometrics, explained the basic concepts and approaches in the field, and clearly demonstrated that bibliometrics is an important tool for understanding the impact and dissemination of scientific research. Ronald Rousseau, Leo Egghe and Raf Guns (2018), well-known experts in the field of bibliometrics, defined bibliometrics as a branch of science that deals with the numerical analysis and evaluation of scientific publications and citations (Ball, 2017 ). Since the early 20th century, bibliometrics has been used to evaluate research outputs, calculate the impact of scientific publications and authors, analyze academic collaborations, and analyze developments, with important contributions such as Garfield's Scientific Citation Index and Lotka's Law of Publication Frequency. Applications include monitoring trends in scientific literature. These methods play an important role in assessing the quality and impact of scientific research, measuring the performance of research institutions, and managing academic careers and funding (Broadus, 1987 ). As a result, bibliometrics, whose roots date back to the early 20th century, is increasingly accepted as an analytical method for measuring scholarly communication (Ball, 2017 ). Bibliometrics is a discipline that works with basic bibliographic units and elements such as books, journals, articles, citations, and keywords, and aims to understand the structure and development of science and technology by analyzing scientific literature, communication processes, and information flows. It aims to measure the quantitative aspects of scholarly communication using mathematical and statistical models. It provides bibliometric indicators for science policy, management and evaluation (Manthorpe, 2005 ). Originally developed as a tool for librarians (Ball, 2017 ), bibliometrics is an interdisciplinary field and is used by researchers from various fields of expertise, including historians of science, sociologists, information scientists and managers (Manthorpe, 2005 ). The explosion in the number of scientific publications after World War II increased the importance of bibliometric analysis. The number, distribution and use of publications began to be analyzed in a way that met the needs. Bibliometric indicators began to be used to measure the performance of researchers and the scientific productivity of institutions (Ball, 2017 ). There is great value in analyzing the most cited classical literature to discover fundamental issues for research (Bao et al., 2023 ). Publishing research results is a scientist's obligation. The scientific publishing system in modern science continues to exist thanks to scientists' desire to protect their intellectual property rights. New scientific knowledge is the personal creation of researchers, and claims regarding their discoveries can only be made through publication (Webb et al., 2005 ). Scholars use bibliometrics for a variety of reasons, including uncovering trends in article and journal performance, patterns of collaboration, and research components, and exploring the intellectual structure of a field within existing literature (Donthu et al., 2024). Some of the important methods used in bibliometric research are as follows; H-Index and G-Index Indexes that measure the productivity and impact of scientists Trend Analysis Technique used to make future impact and citation estimates Independent Citation Analysis Sorting out and evaluating self-citations Matching Analysis Revealing relationships between articles Authorship Analysis Examining author networks and collaborations Word Matching Detecting connections between concepts Citation Burst Analysis Identifying rapidly increasing citations (Rousseau et al., 2018 ). Bibliometric analysis, which includes quantitative measurement and statistical evaluation of academic publications, is used to reveal trends, tendencies and structures in science and technology (Andres, 2009 ). Bibliometric analysis is an increasingly widely used method that uses quantitative statistical techniques to understand trends in a particular scientific field (Ng et al., 2023 ). Bibliometric analysis systematically examines numerical data and citations in scientific publications (articles, books, etc.). In other words, bibliometric analysis is the careful examination and evaluation of quantitative characteristics of academic publications (number of publications, number of citations, collaboration networks, etc.). In this way, it is aimed to understand developments in the field of science and technology (Andres, 2009 ). The steps of Bibliometric Analysis are as follows (Zupic and Čater, 2015 ); 1. Research Design 2. Compilation of bibliometric data 3. Analysis 4. Visualization 5. Interpretation Bibliometric methods increase the reliability of findings by minimizing subjectivity (Bota-Avram, 2023 ). The research model is structured based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement by Page et al. ( 2021 ) and the bibliometric guidelines provided by Aria and Cuccurullo ( 2017 ). In this context, the research process is grounded in a detailed analytical framework comprising specific steps. The PRISMA statement, as proposed by Page et al. ( 2021 ), divides the analytical process into five key stages. The research model for this study is similarly designed with reference to this approach. The study steps are as follows: Research Design The first step involves outlining the overall framework of the study and creating a design to answer the research questions. This phase includes defining the research hypothesis and clarifying the scope of the study. Data Collection This step determines which data sources will be used and details how the data will be collected. Data Analysis Appropriate software or programs for analyzing the data are selected, and the collected data is loaded into these tools. The tools must align with the nature of the research. Coding and Analysis This step involves processing the collected data in various ways to answer the research questions. Evaluation The final step consists of interpreting the analysis results. At this stage, the findings are compared with the study's hypotheses, and conclusions are drawn (Özbilek, 2024 ). According to the bibliometric analysis guidelines by Aria and Cuccurullo ( 2017 ), each of these steps should be meticulously followed, and the results should be evaluated objectively (Aria & Cuccurullo, 2017 , p. 960; Page et al., 2021 , p. 5). As illustrated in Fig. 1 , the research model begins with defining the keywords, time frame, language, and subject area for screening theories in the field of System Theory. The Scopus search using the identified keywords resulted in 8,479 documents. After filtering by time, type, language, and subject area, this number was reduced to 1,851 documents. Finally, bibliometric analysis was conducted using the bibliometrix package. According to Ariaa and Cuccurullob's (2017) bibliometric analysis guide, each of these steps should be implemented meticulously and the analysis results should be (Ariaa and Cuccurullob, 2017: 960; Page et al., 2021 : 5). The research, the model of which is shown in Fig. 1 , was used to examine theories carried out in the field of systems theory by determining the keywords, time period, publication language and study area. The search made in Scopus using the determined keywords reached 8479 documents. When these documents were filtered by time, type, language and study area, this number decreased to 1851 documents. The final bibliometric analysis was performed using the bibliometrix package. 3. Method 3.1. Research Model This study aims to examine the research conducted between 2000–2024 in the field of system theory using the bibliometric analysis method. Databases exported from Scopus, one of the most authoritative databases of refereed articles, were used for data collection. First, the universe of the study topic was determined for the research. Then, the subject was searched in the database according to various criteria in this universe. The data received for analysis was loaded into the program and an R data frame was created. The first part of the analysis in the created frame is data loading and transformation and summarizing the main results of the bibliometric analysis. The second part is the stage that includes creating a document x attribute matrix and mapping. Here, terms from the text fields (abstract, title, author's keywords and others) are filtered and excluded from the scope. The analysis is then completed with normalization, data reduction, network matrix creation and mapping (Özbilek, 2024 ). Systematic Bibliometric Literature Review of Studies Conducted in the Field of System Theory The research, whose research model is shown in Fig. 1 , started with a Preliminary Literature Review conducted by scanning the studies conducted in the field of system theory. As a result of the SCOPUS Search conducted with the determined Keywords, 43317 documents were obtained. These documents were filtered according to Time, Type, Language, and Field of Study, and this number was reduced to 1442 documents. In the final stage, bibliometric analysis was performed using the bibliometrix package. 3.2. Population and Sample This study aimed to analyze the studies conducted in the field of system theory between the years 2000–2024 within the framework of the concepts of system approach, system thinking, and system dynamics using the bibliometric analysis method. For this purpose, the Scopus database was used for the research. The research universe consists of all documents in the field of system theory. In this context, documents in the Scopus database were used as examples. Scopus provides powerful bibliography and citation analysis tools for examining the effectiveness and relationships of sources. This feature helps to obtain more in-depth and comprehensive results from our bibliometric analyses. The keywords used for the search were “systems theory”, “systems dynamics”, “cybernetics”, “complexity theory” and “systems thinking”. The research query was first created as follows; Query = “systems AND theory OR systems AND thinking OR complexity AND theory OR system AND dynamics OR cybernetics” The search terms consist of the words “systems AND theory OR systems AND thinking OR complexity AND theory OR system AND dynamics OR cybernetics” as seen in the query text. Then, filtering was done according to various criteria to make the scope of the study examinable. Type: “Article”, Time Range = 2000–2024, Field of study = “Engineering”, “Computer Science”, “Social Sciences”, “Maths”, “Business, Management And Accounting”, “Decision Sciences”, “Physics and Astronomy” were selected. Filtering was done by selecting keywords as “Systems Theory” “Systems Thinking” “Complexity Theory” “System Dynamics”, “Cybernetics” and finally publication language = “English”. As a result of the query dated July 1, 2024, 1442 publications were reached. The final version of the query recorded in the Scopus program is as follows; TITLE-ABS-KEY ( system AND theory OR system AND thinking OR complexity AND theory OR system AND dynamics OR cybernetics ) AND ( LIMIT-TO ( DOCTYPE, "ar" ) ) AND ( LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, "ENGI" ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, "COMP" ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, "MATH" ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, " PHYS" ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, "SOCI" ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, "BUSI" ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, "DECI" ) ) AND ( LIMIT-TO ( EXACTKEYWORD, "System Dynamics" ) OR LIMIT-TO ( EXACTKEYWORD, "System Theory" ) OR LIMIT-TO (EXACTKEYWORD, "Systems Thinking") OR LIMIT-TO (EXACTKEYWORD, "Cybernetics") OR LIMIT-TO (EXACTKEYWORD, "Complexity Theory") 3.3. Data Collection and Methodology Data analysis and visualization were performed using R and R Studio programs, writing the bibliometric analysis code and using the Bibliometrix program, an R/R Studio add-on, with the help of the biblioshiny interface. Datasets were obtained from the Scopus database. Scopus is a summarizing and indexing database containing full-text links produced by Elsevier. The name Scopus was inspired by the Hammerkop (Scopus umbretta) bird, known for its navigation abilities. The database, which began development in 2004, was developed in collaboration with 21 research institutes and more than 300 researchers and librarians. Verbal and behavioral feedback from these librarians and researchers was analyzed and used to improve the product (Burnham, 2006). The main citation indexes of the Scopus database are Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded), Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI) and Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI). These are grouped according to research fields as Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Humanities and arts citation index (A&HCI), Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI) and Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI). For bibliometric analysis, Bibliometrix, Biblioshiny, BibExcel, BiblioMaps, R programs, HistCite, Gephi, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, SciMat and various programs can be used (Özbilek, 2024 ). Scopus content; It includes 49 million records including abstracts, a wide range of high-quality web pages and patent information, more than 20,500 refereed journals and scientific publications of 5,000 publishers, 5.3 million conference proceedings and 340 book series. It is a database compatible and integrated with ScienceDirect, Reaxys, Engineering Village, Embase, Quosa and all other Elsevier resources (Karamanoğlu MehmetBey University website). Bibliometrix is a comprehensive package for performing bibliometric analysis of scientific publications written in the R programming language. This tool allows you to examine scientific literature using various techniques such as performance analysis, scientific mapping, network analysis, clustering and visualization. Users can download data from data sources and perform detailed research using methods such as citation analysis, co-citation analysis, bibliographic linking, co-word analysis, co-authorship analysis. Bibliometrix provides basic and advanced analysis techniques to evaluate the quality of scientific publications, citation impact, country analysis, and subject analysis. In addition, this analysis can be easily performed thanks to the user-friendly graphical interface called Biblioshiny. In this way, researchers can analyze scientific literature systematically and reproducibly and obtain in-depth information about the intellectual structure and conceptual framework of scientific knowledge. While both performance analysis and scientific mapping applications help researchers better understand scientific literature, enrichment techniques such as network analysis and clustering reveal more complex relationships in scientific knowledge. As a result, Bibliometrix is a powerful tool for those who want to comprehensively analyze scientific publications written in the R language and provide comprehensive analyses (Büyükkıdık, 2022). 3.4. Research questions The aim of the research is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of studies on System theory conducted between 2000–2024. The questions sought to be answered for the bibliometric analysis of studies on System theory are stated as follows; 1. Which article is the most cited article among the articles on the concept of ‘System theory’ in the journals in the Scopus database between 2000–2024? 2. What is the number of publications in the field of ‘system theory’ in the studies in the Scopus database? 3. What is the change in the number of publications in the field of ‘system theory’ in the journals in the Scopus database over the years? 4. Who are the researchers who are most cited in the field of ‘system theory’ in the journals in the Scopus database? 5. What is the historical development of studies in the field of ‘system theory’ in the studies in the Scopus database? 6. Which is the most productive in the studies published on the concept of ‘systems theory’ in the studies in the Scopus database? 7. Which are the most productive countries and universities in the studies published on the concept of ‘systems theory’ in the studies in the Scopus database? 8. Which are the most frequently used words in the articles published with ‘systems theory’ in the Scopus database? 9. What are the most frequently used words in the articles published on the concept of ‘systems theory’ in the Scopus database? 10. Which universities and countries have the most responsible authors who wrote the articles published on the concept of ‘systems theory’ in the Scopus database, and what is the relationship between them? 3.5. Analysis and Findings This study is a bibliometric analysis of the studies on systems theory published between 2000–2024 in the Scopus database. In the bibliometric analysis of articles prepared on “system theory” (Table 1 ), a total of 1442 articles from the years 2000–2024 were obtained from the Scopus database. 3.5.1. General Analysis Accordingly, the general results of the studies obtained in the analysis are shown in Table 1 . Table 1 Main Information Overview of the Data Description Results Description Results Time Range 2000:2024 Authors Sources (journals, books, etc.) 642 Authors 3.520 Documents 1.442 Authors of Single-Author Documents 271 Annual Growth Rate % 8,34 Average Document Age 7,69 Authors Collaboration Average Citations per Document 19,05 Single-Author Documents 318 Co-Authors per Document 2,96 International Co-Authorship Percentage 24,41 Document Content Keywords (ID) 8.006 Document Types Author's Keywords (DE) 4.548 Article 1442 The database obtained by downloading articles written in English between 2000–2024 on the subject of “systems theory” from the Scopus database was analyzed using the open source Bibliometrix 4.0 package program running on the open source R program version 4.4. Accordingly, the publication dates of the articles in the database are between 2000–2024 and a total of 1442 studies on system theory have been conducted, and the average age of these studies is 7.69. The authors of the single-authored documents are 271 people. The average number of citations per document was 19.05. Again, the number of single-authored documents was 318, the collaboration rate per document was 2.96%, and the international author collaboration rate was 24.41%. When looking at the articles written on systems theory by year in Fig. 2 , it is seen that while the numbers are close to each other between 2000–2008, there has been an increase every year since 2009 compared to the previous year. Although there was a slowdown after 2015, studies have increased as of 2017. The year with the most articles was 2023. This shows that systems theory studies are gaining momentum. Table 2 Scientific Publication Production of Countries Country Article Number Serial No. USA 5.047 1 England 2.888 2 China 2.423 3 Italy 1.117 4 Australia 1.116 5 Germany 1.053 6 Netherlands 705 7 Canada 607 8 South Africa 447 9 Norway 437 10 Iran 422 11 India 421 12 Spain 420 13 France 398 14 Türkiye 181 31 Source: Prepared by the Author using the R Program Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database., In Table 2 , the USA ranks first in the scientific publication production of countries with 5047 articles, almost as many publications as the total of all other countries except the UK, while the UK ranks first with 2888 articles, China 2423 articles, Italy 1117 articles, Australia 1116 articles, Germany 1053 articles, the Netherlands 705 articles, Canada 607 articles, 447 articles, South Africa 437 articles, Norway 422 articles, Iran 421 articles, India 421 articles, Spain 420 articles, and France 398 articles. Turkey ranks 31st on the list with 181 articles. When the countries of the responsible authors are examined in Fig. 3 , the USA ranks first in single- and multi-authored articles, while China ranks second in multi-authored articles. China is followed by the UK, Italy, Australia and India. Ukraine, Japan and Hungary are at the bottom of the list, while Turkey ranks 12th, ahead of these countries. The table of the most cited authors was created by filtering the most cited studies in the field of “Systems Theory” from the Scopus database with the help of the Bibliometrix program in the R program and Table 3 was created. Accordingly, the most cited authors were Uhl-Bien, Marion and McKelvey, with 1237 citations to their study titled “Complexity Leadership Theory: Shifting leadership from the industrial age to the knowledge era” published in The Leadership Quarterly in 2007, which aimed to explain the foundations of the Systems Theory. Friston, Mattout and Kilner’s “Action understanding and active inference” published in Biol Cybern in 2011 came in second with 454 citations, while Rotmans and Loorbach’s study titled “Complexity and Transition Management”, which explains complex systems within the framework of systems theory and was published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology in 2009, came in third with 377 citations. As seen in Table 3 , the list, which is ranked according to the number of citations, includes studies by authors from Turkey. The first of these is the study titled “Resilience and complexity measurement for energy efficient global supply chains in disruptive events” by Ekinci, Mangla, Kazancoglu, Sarma, Sezer and Özbiltekin-Pala, which was published in 2022 and has 22 citations. Following this study, Ekinci and Baykasoğlu's article titled "Complexity and performance measurement for retail supply chains" published in the Industrial Management & Data Systems journal in 2019 was included in the list with 17 citations. Table 3 Most Cited Authors Authors Article Title Source Number of Citations Year Uhl-Bien, M., Marion, R., McKelvey, B. Complexity Leadership Theory: Shifting leadership from the industrial age to the knowledge era The Leadership Quarterly 18(4) 298–31 1237 2007 Friston, K., Mattout, J.,· Kilner, J Action understanding and active inference Biol Cybern 104:137–160 454 2011 Rotmans, J. & Loorbach, D. Complexity and Transition Management Journal of Industrial Ecology Volume 13, Number 2 (184–196) 377 2009 Vlachos, D., Georgiadis, P., Iakovou E. Asystem dynamics model for dynamic capacity planning of remanufacturing in closed-loop supply chains Computers & Operations Research (34) 367–394 346 2007 Allee, V. Value network analysis and value conversion of tangible and intangible asset Journal of Intellectual Capital Vol:9 (5–24) 335 2008 Cabreraa, D., Colosic, L., Lobdell C., Systems thinking Evaluation and Program Planning 31 (2008) 299–310 268 2007 An, L., Linderman, M., Qi, J., Shortridge, A., & Liu, J. Exploring complexity in a human–environment system: an agent-based spatial model for multidisciplinary and multiscale integration. Annals of the association of American geographers, 95(1), 54–79. 253 2005 Mirchi, A., Madani, K., Watkins, D., & Ahmad, S. Synthesis of system dynamics tools for holistic conceptualization of water resources problems. Water resources management, 26, 2421–2442. 252 2012 Niu, B., Liu, Y., Zong, G., Han, Z., & Fu, J. (2017). Command filter-based adaptive neural tracking controller design for uncertain switched nonlinear output-constrained systems. IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 47(10), 3160–3171. 200 2017 Ng, I. C., Maull, R., & Yip, N. Outcome-based contracts as a driver for systems thinking and service-dominant logic in service science: Evidence from the defence industry. European management journal, 27(6), 377–387. 198 2009 Ekinci, E., Mangla, S. K., Kazancoglu, Y., Sarma, P. R. S., Sezer, M. D., & Ozbiltekin-Pala, M. Resilience and complexity measurement for energy efficient global supply chains in disruptive events. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 179, 121634. 22 2022 Ekinci, E., & Baykasoğlu, A. Complexity and performance measurement for retail supply chains. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 119(4), 719–742. 17 2019 Ekinci, E., & Baykasoglu, A. Modelling complexity in retail supply chains. Kybernetes, 45(2), 297–322. 14 2016 Ibrahim Shire, M., Jun, G. T., & Robinson, S. Healthcare workers’ perspectives on participatory system dynamics modelling and simulation: designing safe and efficient hospital pharmacy dispensing systems together. Ergonomics, 63(8), 1044–1056. 10 2020 Soydan, A. I., & Atilla Oner, M. Timely resource allocation between R&D and marketing: a system dynamics view. International journal of innovation and technology management, 9(02), 1250012. 6 2012 Gürsan, C., De Gooyert, V., De Bruijne, M., & Raaijmakers, J. District heating with complexity: Anticipating unintended consequences in the transition towards a climate-neutral city in the Netherlands. Energy Research & Social Science, 110, 103450. 2 2024 Bozkurt, E. A Bibliometric Analysis of Systems Thinking Research in Science Education 1991–2022. Science Education International, 34(3), 225–234. 1 2023 Bozkurt, N. O., & Bozkurt, E. Systems Thinking in Education: A Bibliometric Analysis. Education and Science 2024, Vol 49, No 218, 205–231 0 2024 Bozkus, T., & Mitra, U. Multi-timescale ensemble Q-learning for Markov decision process policy optimization. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. 0 2024 Özyılmaz, L., & Yıldırım, T. L. Reduction of complexity in conic section function neural network. Kybernetes, 32(4), 540–547. 0 2003 Source: Prepared by the Author in the R program using the Scopus database. When looking at the authors with the most publications within the time period of the research, the publication numbers of the first 10 authors are seen in Fig. 4 . The bubble size shows the number of documents produced by the authors per year. The lines represent the production interval (timeline) over time. The intensity of the bubble color shows its importance, while the size of the bubble increases according to the number of articles published (Özbilek, 2024 ). According to the graph showing the productivity of the authors, Yanmin Wang from the School of Information Engineering Minzu University of China is at the top of the most cited authors, followed by Khurram Iqbal Ahmad Khan from the National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) and Huixiong Wang from the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology. Figure 5 shows the most cited sources-journals. Accordingly, Kybernetes, the journal with the most publications, ranks first with 182 articles, followed by Systems Research and Behavioral Science with 56 articles, and Sustainability (Switzerland) with 41 articles. In Fig. 6 , the size of the word in the Word Cloud According to Titles and Abstracts shows the usage density of that word. Accordingly, “system theory” comes first, followed by “system dynamics” and “cybernetics”. The most repeated words are shown in Table 4 according to the most frequently used words according to various parameters in titles, keywords and abstracts. Accordingly, when the word clouds according to the titles in the leftmost column are examined, the analysis made by selecting the abstracts of the key source articles for the most repeated words shows that “system theory” comes first with 402 repetitions, followed by system dynamics with 339 repetitions. When the keyword section of the articles is selected as a parameter, according to the results, system dynamics comes first, followed by system thinking and cybernetics. When the key source titles are selected, the most repeated words are system, dynamics and systems, respectively. Table 4 Most Repetitive Words by Keywords and Titles Vocabulary Frequency Vocabulary Frequency Word Frequency Systems theory 402 System dynamics 527 System 421 Systems dynamics 339 Systems thinking 297 Dynamics 373 Cybernetics 268 Cybernetics 228 Systems 352 Complexity theory 144 Complexity theory 111 Approach 186 Decision making 137 Complexity 84 Model 168 Systems thinking 136 Simulation 63 Thinking 131 Design/methodology/approach 132 System theory 59 Complexity 112 Sustainable development 94 Sustainability 42 Analysis 97 Computer simulation 74 Causal loop diagram 37 Dynamics 94 Matter 73 Modeling 28 Manage 92 Keyword plus-unigram Author keywords-unigram Titles-unigram The word tree according to the summaries is shown in Fig. 7 . Accordingly, the word system was used the most with 2541 times and 8%, followed by model with 1613 times and 5%, and paper with 1194 times. In Fig. 8 , where the usage rate of words in articles is shown according to years, system theory, which is at the top of the words with the highest usage rate, shows a regular increase graph, while the word system dynamics started to increase between 2006–2014, and this increase followed a rapid course from 2014. Cybernetics, on the other hand, has made a more stable progress compared to the first two. 3.5.2.Analysis by Authors When the number of citations in the database used in Fig. 9 is examined, the most cited authors are Uhl-Bien and Leadersh with 1237 citations, followed by Friston and Biol with 454 citations. The first study with the most citations in the current database with 1237 citations is the article titled “Complexity Leadership Theory: Shifting leadership from the industrial age to the knowledge era” published in The Leadership Quarterly in 2007, while the article titled “Action understanding and active inference” published by Friston, Mattout and Kilner in Biol Cybern in 2011 is the second with 454 citations. In Fig. 10 , the University of Maribor in Slovenia is at the top of the universities where the authors of the most cited articles work, with 17 authors. The University of Queensland in Australia is in second place with 16 authors. The university that follows these universities in third place is University College London, which entered the list with the works of 15 authors. The most productive universities are shown in Fig. 11 . The academics who published the most articles in the field of systems theory were from Michigan State University. They were followed by academics working at The University of Queensland and University College London. Figure 12 shows the countries with the most cited articles. The USA ranks first in terms of the number of articles written, followed by the UK, China, Italy and Australia. According to the thematic evolution analysis performed by selecting “Author’s Keywords” as the parameter and “Time Slice 1” as the time period in Fig. 13 , the resulting article has the theme of the purpose of limited findings as the keyword, as seen in the lower left corner. There is a niche theme section in the upper left. The theme of daily policy factor stands out here. It is seen that the system document approach stands out in the engine themes section in the upper right corner of the graph. The basic themes are located in the lower right corner of the graph, and the theme of the complexity of system dynamics is here.. Thematic evolution analysis performed by selecting the Time Slice as “Time Slice 3” and the parameter as “Author’s Keywords” presents the graph in Fig. 14 . The emerging and decreasing themes were group modeling, decision making, community-based system dynamics and community-based system dynamics. The basic themes are complexity, system theory and complex adaptive systems. Although cybernetics and information models stand out in the motor themes, system dynamics, systems thinking and causal loop diagram are positioned in a way that there is an equal distribution between the motor and basic themes. As niche themes, energy transition, scenario planning, business ethics and organizational ethical culture stand out. 3.5.3. Analysis According to Collaboration Networks Figure 15 , which shows the collaboration between authors, shows that authors working at the same university or in the same country are clustered together more as authors in an article. While Brent from Slovenia and Khan from India stand out in single-authored studies, author collaborations are seen to be more common in the USA and China. According to the cross-country collaboration graph in Fig. 16 , the USA and China have the most collaborations with other countries on “system theory”. While China generally cooperates intensively with Asian countries, the USA cooperates equally with Asian and European countries. European countries, except for the USA, mainly cooperate with each other. While the countries that Turkey cooperates the most with are the USA, China, India and Australia, it is noteworthy that cooperation with European countries is low. Figure 17 , which shows the collaboration between universities, shows that the highest collaboration is between Slippery Rock University in the USA and Ninajing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics in China. Figure 18 shows thematic change according to time periods. Accordingly, the concepts of “system dynamics and cybernetics”, whose importance was understood between 2000–2011, maintained their place until 2023–2024. In addition to these concepts in the 2012–2018 time period, “action research”, “education”, “nonlinear dynamics” themes, which were prominent, are also present in the 2019–2022 time period, while the others have given way to the themes of “fuzzy logic” and “complex systems”. 4. Results and Discussions Systems are dynamic elements consisting of interrelated components and interactions organized to achieve a specific purpose. As system complexity increases, interactions between system states and problems become more apparent. Therefore, system models need to exhibit a holistic approach, be able to follow behavioral changes, and respond flexibly to changing events. This bibliometric study comprehensively examines research conducted in the field of systems theory from 2000 to 2024 and presents results evaluated within the framework of the concepts of systems approach, systems thinking, and systems dynamics. The findings clearly demonstrate the powerful conceptual framework that systems theory provides for understanding and managing complex systems. Systems typically contain nonlinear, cyclical causal structures, and the dynamics of these structures emphasize the importance of the systems approach and systems thinking. While systems theory provides a holistic approach to problems, the systems approach provides a flexible perspective on changing phenomena. Systems thinking encourages examining a process as a whole and focusing on the relationships of the parts. This provides a holistic understanding of the system by considering system dynamics, feedback loops and dynamic elements and can be used to design sustainable policies. Bibliometric analysis, a method for developing techniques for measuring scholarly communication, emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary tools in understanding and managing complex systems. This method contributes to a better understanding of the field by systematically revealing research trends, developments and important concepts. Bibliometric analysis, in particular, is considered a powerful tool for improving knowledge production and scholarly communication in interdisciplinary fields such as systems theory. The first of the most important contributions of this study is the explanation of research trends and developments. This bibliometric analysis, which aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the research conducted in the field of systems theory in the last 25 years, provides information about the focus, direction and development trends of the research field. This comprehensive review of systems theory can help identify current knowledge and gaps in the research field. In addition, identifying research trends can help guide future research and support progress in the field. Another contribution is the emphasis on important concepts. Concepts such as systems approach, systems thinking and system dynamics are important for the holistic understanding and management of complex systems. This study clearly demonstrates the importance and necessity of these concepts. It emphasizes the importance of a holistic, flexible and interdisciplinary approach to understanding and managing complex systems. In particular, the application of systems approaches and systems thinking can promote interdisciplinary integration and provide innovative solutions to complex problems. Finally, in order to understand the value of bibliometric methods, this study contributes to the development of a holistic understanding of interdisciplinary fields such as systems theory, bibliometric methods used to measure scientific communication. This method contributes to a better understanding of the field by systematically presenting research trends and developments. In addition, bibliometric analysis can provide valuable information for understanding the dynamics of the field and developing strategic research plans. The Scopus database was selected for the study because of its high quality and comprehensive, up-to-date data on a wide range of scientific publications in fields such as engineering, technology, and social sciences. However, a limitation of this study is the exclusion of other major databases (e.g. Web of Science and Google Scholar). Including these databases can expand the scope of the analysis and improve the generalizability of the results. More comprehensive bibliometric analyses can be conducted in future studies by including these databases in the analyses. In conclusion, this bibliometric study provides an in-depth analysis of the developments in the field of systems theory in the last 25 years and emphasizes the need for a holistic, flexible and interdisciplinary approach to understanding and managing complex systems. The complexity and dynamic nature of the system expand the scope of research in this field and enable the development of more effective management strategies. Bibliometric analysis plays an important role in this comprehensive research and serves as a powerful tool to improve knowledge production and scholarly communication in interdisciplinary fields such as systems theory. This study clearly demonstrates the contribution of systems theory to the understanding of complexity and dynamics and the importance of bibliometric analysis in evaluating this contribution. Declarations Ethical Approval This study is a bibliometric analysis, therefore this ethical approval is not applicable. Funding No funding was used. Availability of data and materials - the statement should be on the submission system (a statement on how any datasets used can be accessed) The data were obtained from Scopus, a summarizing and indexing database containing full-text links produced by Elsevier. References Akkuş, B., & İzci, N. A. (2018). Systems approach, concepts and management. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Journal of Social Sciences, 4(7), 223-237. Andres, A. (2009). Measuring academic research. How to undertake a bibliometric study. Chandos. Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C., (2017). Bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4): 959-975. Ball, R. (2017). An introduction to bibliometrics: New development and trends. Chandos Publishing. Bao, T., Gao, J., Wang, J., Chen, Y., Xu, F., Qiao, G., & Li, F. (2023). 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Shire, M., I., Jun, G. T., & Robinson, S. (2020). Healthcare workers' perspectives on participatory system dynamics modeling and simulation: designing safe and efficient hospital pharmacy dispensing systems together. Ergonomics, 63(8), 1044-1056. Soydan, A. I., & Atilla Oner, M. (2012). Timely resource allocation between R&D and marketing: a system dynamics view. International journal of innovation and technology management, 9(02), 1250012. 24. Şenaras, A. E., & Sezen, H. K. (2017). Systems thinking. Journal of Life Economics, 4(1), 39-58. Vlachos, D., Georgiadis, P., & Iakovou, E. (2007). A system dynamics model for dynamic capacity planning of remanufacturing in closed-loop supply chains. Computers & operations research, 34(2), 367-394. Webb, C., Dernis, H., Harhoff, D., & Hoisl, K. (2005). Analyzing European and international patent citations: a set of EPO patent database building blocks. Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational research methods, 18(3), 429-472. Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5623017","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Systematic Review","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":388963724,"identity":"c846c8d3-f9ba-4de9-bb03-7586a6c71f37","order_by":0,"name":"Şengül 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3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":23662,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eArticles by Country (Single-Author and Multi-Author) Countries of the Responsible Authors\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author in the R program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/a760f3797aed532b17fc4a97.png"},{"id":71240275,"identity":"b69494dc-5795-40ad-9630-1e75ac037d07","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:20","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":44028,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eAuthors with the Most Publications-By Year\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared using the R Program Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/acdcbce921c2142b6810e0f8.png"},{"id":71240274,"identity":"25459967-d426-41f1-9cfe-4e363dee3604","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:20","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":46435,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMost Cited Sources-Journals\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared using the Scopus database using the R Program-based Bibliometrix program.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/b12bb9a16b8ab7da864bb6eb.png"},{"id":71240944,"identity":"47624d3a-fb0e-4a57-bad6-2d02729f6705","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:53:25","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":158214,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eWord Cloud According to Titles (Parameter: Titles -Word Cloud)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared in the R Program-based Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/6e543d13302837eb1fe8e6df.png"},{"id":71240316,"identity":"e3740ef0-599d-4264-917a-44ce20550106","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:25","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":100207,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eWord Tree by Abstracts (Parameter: Abstract)\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/067f1296313d1b262b69bd58.png"},{"id":71240313,"identity":"8a958954-b56a-4500-9702-c53012ec5566","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:25","extension":"png","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":194227,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMost Frequently Used Words in the Last 15 Years (Parameter: Abstract)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author in R program using Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"8.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/d982ce9c8e1d0901f123d7ef.png"},{"id":71240279,"identity":"46c610ac-065f-48d8-9be2-ace82fdb588f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:21","extension":"png","order_by":9,"title":"Figure 9","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":38581,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eNumber of Citations of Authors from Other Studies in the Database Used\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author using the R Program Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"9.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/8b34844df4424c2fb6a634c3.png"},{"id":71240318,"identity":"5d68c333-c6f9-4e32-a823-e578c5f2ff43","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:25","extension":"png","order_by":10,"title":"Figure 10","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":53059,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eUniversities Where the Authors of the Most Cited Articles Work\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author in the R Program-based Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"10.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/989eaa853c1b9777030fd297.png"},{"id":71240296,"identity":"abf260ae-f48f-4738-b2d6-4a72fb2a9cc3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:22","extension":"png","order_by":11,"title":"Figure 11","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":85436,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMost Productive Universities\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author in the R Program based Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"11.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/c3ac430ef3ca726bdeaf4fea.png"},{"id":71240311,"identity":"9d6220b1-070a-4924-a82f-f113802fd2f9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:24","extension":"png","order_by":12,"title":"Figure 12","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":45018,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMost Cited Countries\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared using the R Program Bibliometrix program using the WoS database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"12.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/6f2ad4387f7948677d708ba6.png"},{"id":71240321,"identity":"0af675a9-eb33-4dac-aaf5-9e87561b7dca","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:25","extension":"png","order_by":13,"title":"Figure 13","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":67510,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThematic Evolution-Time Slice 1 (Parameters: Author’s Keywords)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author in the R Program-based Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"13.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/746e3271713ac1f2a3dfb655.png"},{"id":71240329,"identity":"099ce658-30c1-48c5-9375-41bfd4e6f392","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:26","extension":"png","order_by":14,"title":"Figure 14","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":210349,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThematic Evolution-Time Slice 3 (Parameters: Author’s Keywords)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: The author prepared two different graphs by combining them in the R program Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"14.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/a3a1b0646703d166fce22b65.png"},{"id":71240291,"identity":"891ae5dd-7667-4d28-b502-68948c216c71","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:22","extension":"png","order_by":15,"title":"Figure 15","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":85145,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eCollaboration Network of Authors\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author in the R Program-based Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"15.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/9845e3ae1eb4037a1711617f.png"},{"id":71240294,"identity":"ef3270dd-c1d8-4442-9c7e-53aad99a6b48","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:22","extension":"png","order_by":16,"title":"Figure 16","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":80073,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eInternational Cooperation Map\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author in the R Program based Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"16.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/4dcd0c12ee8c183eee8c1945.png"},{"id":71240299,"identity":"2f0454ed-f0c0-4265-b8c8-fc1f1e400d6a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:23","extension":"png","order_by":17,"title":"Figure 17","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":113566,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eCollaboration Network of Universities\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author in the R Program-based Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"17.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/6d0dc899798e8aef1bcd676f.png"},{"id":71240295,"identity":"99e17965-0f75-49d0-a9a9-c70bf68f760c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 12:45:22","extension":"png","order_by":18,"title":"Figure 18","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":271307,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThematic Development According to Time Periods (Parameters: Abstracts-Bigrams)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared in the R Program-based Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"18.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/7795b9d110585270333da459.png"},{"id":71241894,"identity":"b1aa13e0-664b-45dd-ba83-2f26c294b5b3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-12-12 13:01:21","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2206171,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5623017/v1/92e6847d-e8f8-43a3-af0b-a1ac33054986.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBibliometric Analysis of Research Conducted Between 2000-2024 in the Field of Systems Theory: Conceptual Foundations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe complexity of today's world presents significant challenges in understanding and managing systems. Systems theory is critical to understanding the dynamics and behavior of these complex systems. Systems theory provides a powerful conceptual framework for understanding the multidimensional structure of a system and the relationships between its elements. A system is a dynamic entity composed of interrelated components and interactions that are structured to achieve a specific goal. As system complexity increases, the relationships between system states and problems become more apparent. For this reason, it is very important that system models take a holistic approach, monitor changes in behavior and adapt to changing conditions. A system is more than the simple sum of its parts, consisting of interrelated components and interactions. System problems are complex questions with circular causal relationships, often nonlinear and associated with the limitations of analytical procedures. The needs and requirements of a system indicate the purpose of the system. A system must have a specific purpose and its parts must interact with each other. A system is made up of dynamic elements and relationships between these elements that are structured to fulfill specific functions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe systems approach provides an interdisciplinary understanding and allows a system to be studied holistically. This approach examines closed and open systems by analyzing the relationships between systems and the connections between subsystems. Open systems can continuously adjust themselves by interacting with their environment, while closed systems can experience entropy. A system is understood together with its environment, which refers to all other systems outside the system and the resources the system uses to fulfill its functions. The main advantage of the systems approach is to consider internal and external environmental factors holistically, classify problems comprehensively and develop solutions. Systems thinking also encourages the holistic study of processes and focuses on the relationships between parts. System dynamics provides a holistic understanding of the system, taking into account feedback loops and dynamic elements, and is used to design sustainable policies. Systems thinking focuses on a holistic examination of processes and part relationships, while system dynamics provides a holistic understanding of systems, taking into account feedback loops and dynamic elements. In addition, systems theory and bibliometric analysis provide techniques and methods for predicting system behavior and measuring scholarly communication.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study comprehensively examines concepts such as systems theory, systems approach, systems thinking, and systems dynamics, and examines the current structure and trends of scholarly communication in this field using bibliometric analysis methods. The results of this study are expected to provide important insights into the development and application of interdisciplinary systems approaches. This study contributes to the understanding of the theoretical foundations of the field of systems theory by providing a comprehensive conceptual framework of key concepts, approaches and relationships. In addition, by utilizing bibliometric analysis methods, we provide a better understanding of developments in the field by describing the most up-to-date information in the field of systems theory, such as research trends, key institutions, and authors. It also contributes to the creation of a knowledge map of the field by shedding light on the intellectual structure, interdisciplinary relationships and knowledge flows of systems theory research. In addition, bibliometric analysis can help identify research gaps and potential future research areas. Finally, this study can contribute to strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration by assessing the interaction between systems theory and other disciplines. The main aim of this study is to present in detail the current state of the field through bibliometric analysis of the system, to provide an in-depth explanation of the conceptual foundations, to identify research trends, to map knowledge networks, to identify research gaps, and to evaluate interdisciplinary interactions and provide direction for future research. Theoretical research. To achieve these goals, a bibliometric analysis of studies on systems theory from 2000 to 2024 was conducted. The bibliometric analysis contributes to the understanding of the theoretical foundations of the field of systems theory by providing a comprehensive conceptual framework for key concepts, approaches and relationships. At the same time, research trends, key institutions and authors are revealed, providing a better understanding of developments in the field.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Conceptual Framework","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.1. System Description\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA system is made up of interrelated components and interactions that make the whole greater than the simple sum of these components. Systems problems are complex questions that are related to the limitations of analytical procedures in science and often have non-linear and circular causal relationships. Since classical science is inadequate to solve these problems, a new perspective is needed. System theory provides an approach that considers all aspects of a problem and focuses on the interactions between components (Akkuş \u0026amp; İzci, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). Meeting the requirements and requests of the system expresses the purpose of the system. Systems must have a specific purpose and their parts must interact with each other. Systems are wholes consisting of interacting elements to realize a specific purpose (Şenaras \u0026amp; Sezen, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). A system consists of dynamic elements structured to fulfill certain functions and the relationships between these elements (Bayraktar, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). The parts/sub-systems that make up the system represent the elements of the system and the flows and connections between them represent the relationships (Şenaras \u0026amp; Sezen, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Elements are not static points but events. Relationships and elements take place in a certain order and level (Bayraktar, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.2. System Approach\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe increasing complexity of systems has led to the interplay between system states and problems. Therefore, system models need to take a holistic approach, track changes in behavior and be flexible to changing phenomena. While traditional analytical approaches are inadequate, the behavior of systems results from the holistic interaction of parts, not individual parts. Therefore, it is important to understand the interdependence and interaction between parts (Şenaras \u0026amp; Sezen, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystems approaches provide an interdisciplinary understanding that allows interdisciplinary systems to be examined holistically. According to this approach, a system consists of subsystems and these subsystems affect each other and affect the overall system (Akkuş \u0026amp; İzci, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). The systems approach examines closed and open systems by analyzing the relationships between systems and the connections between subsystems. While open systems can adjust themselves by interacting with their environment, closed systems can be doomed to entropy (Kaban, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, it is assumed that systems that interact with the environment can be maintained in a sustainable way (Akkuş \u0026amp; İzci, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystems are understood together with their environment. The environment refers to all other systems outside the system and the resources the system uses to perform its work. The system/environment relationship and the system/system relationship are different. A system considered together with its environment is defined by system/environment and system/system relationships. The environment includes all elements that are outside the system but are present in the system in a certain order. A system has boundaries that separate it from its environment and make it aware of its environment. These boundaries can be physical or virtual. Systems function by exchanging energy, matter and information and using these resources in specific ways. Systems that operate autonomously perform certain functions through their own programming. Systems are composed of materials rather than organizational forms of these materials. Complex, open systems involve simultaneous interactions and feedback loops. There are functional differences between natural and artificial systems. Art systems are not seen as physical machines, but as structures designed with relationships at different levels (Bayraktar, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). The advantages of the systems approach are that it offers the opportunity to consider internal and external environmental factors as a whole, to classify problems comprehensively and to develop solutions. However, the systems approach also has inadequacies; its focus on analyzing the current situation and its disconnection with the future are some of them (Kaban, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.3. System Thinking\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystemic thinking is becoming increasingly popular in many fields, especially in evaluation. The reasons for this are quite varied, but a more fundamental explanation is that systems thinking offers a different model of thinking. Despite this, there is disagreement about what systems thinking is. In addition to popular culture, the idea of systems thinking is found in many scientific fields, including planning and evaluation, education, business and management, public health, sociology and psychology, cognitive science, human development, agriculture, sustainability, environmental science, ecology and biology, earth science and other physical sciences. Systemic thinking can influence existing concepts, theories and knowledge in each of these fields. However, systemic thinking can also be vague and amorphous. There are many conflicting models and claims that need to be reconciled, and past attempts to reconcile the various models in the \u0026ldquo;universe\u0026rdquo; of systems can be better described as methodological pluralism (Cabrera and Cabrera, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThere is considerable disagreement among scholars about what exactly the concept of systems thinking is. These can be explained as follows; Some scientists consider systems thinking as equivalent to systems sciences (nonlinear dynamics, complexity, chaos). That is, systems thinking is defined as a clear concept that encompasses the content and approaches of these specific scientific disciplines (Cabrera and Cabrera, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). Other scholars, however, think that the meaning of systems thinking is ambiguous and amorphous. This is because there are various and different views on the definition of systems thinking among systems scientists. Some trace its origins to different sources such as von Bertalanffy, Aristotle, Lao Tsu. Also, while some see it as a limited taxonomic approach such as a \u0026ldquo;to-do list\u0026rdquo;, others consider it as a more comprehensive concept (Cabrera \u0026amp; Cabrera, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystems thinking is a holistic, dynamic and interdisciplinary approach that considers processes as a whole, focuses on the interrelationships and interactions of parts, seeks to understand complex elements such as customer behavior and firm-customer interactions, and emphasizes the dynamic and changing nature of processes (Ng et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). Systems thinking is defined as a core competency in education for sustainable development in UNESCO\u0026apos;s \u0026ldquo;Framework for Action for Education 2030\u0026rdquo; published in 2015. Therefore, systems thinking should express the holistic and systematic perspective necessary to achieve sustainable development goals. The fact that research is mainly concentrated in the field of science education suggests that systems thinking is an approach to understanding natural systems, ecological relationships and complex problems (Bozkurt \u0026amp; Bozkurt, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.4. System Dynamics\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystem dynamics is a subfield of systems thinking that emerged in the 1960s when Forrester and colleagues applied feedback theory to understand the structure and dynamics of industrial and urban systems (Mirchi et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e).System dynamics is an approach to systems thinking that focuses on understanding and modeling dynamic interactions in complex systems (Shire et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). In the last 50 years, system dynamics has become a comprehensive methodology used in various fields (Mirchi et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). Introduced as a modeling and simulation methodology for long-term decision making in dynamic industrial management problems, system dynamics has since been applied to various business policy and strategy problems (Vlachos et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystem dynamics applications can be divided into three main groups (Mirchi et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e- Predictive simulation models: used to quantitatively simulate the processes of specific subsystems (Mirchi et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e- Technical integrated models: aim to identify and characterize the basic feedback loops between two or more different subsystems (hydrological, ecological, socioeconomic, etc.) (Mirchi et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e- Participation and Shared Vision Model: Provides opportunities for shared vision planning, participatory modeling and joint learning for decision makers and stakeholders (Mirchi et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe system dynamics method provides a holistic understanding of complex systems by considering interactions, feedback loops and delays in the system (Mirchi et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). The system dynamics method is useful in conceptualizing complex problems holistically (Mirchi et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). The holistic systems approach is one of the fundamental elements of systems thinking (Shire et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). Qualitative modeling tools of system dynamics method are causal loop diagrams, stock-flow diagrams, reference modes, system diagrams (Mirchi et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). Qualitative system dynamics models contribute to the understanding of complex problems and the development of sustainable solution strategies (Mirchi et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e). System dynamics modeling is an effective approach for the management and design of complex systems (Shire et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). System dynamics modeling is a suitable tool for understanding the complex interactions between different disciplines and is also useful for analyzing market structures with high demand fluctuations, feedback and dynamic elements. System dynamics modeling makes important contributions to the understanding of such complex managerial problems and sustainable policy design (Soydan et al., 2012).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e2.5. System Theory\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystem theory is defined as a way of thinking in which everything in the world is interconnected, actions cause chain reactions in systems, and enables us to understand systems and solve problems with a holistic approach (Bozkurt, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). According to the theory, everything in the world and more specifically everything in a system is connected in some way. An action in a system made up of objects or parts is not an individual action, but an action that causes a series of reactions that cause changes in the system. Systems theory is defined as a thinking skill that identifies and understands the properties of various systems, predicts their behavior, and adjusts them to achieve desired effects. System theory helps to understand the whole system and to find and solve the underlying problems of the system (Bozkurt, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGeneral Systems Theory is a theory that unites all branches of science and was initiated by Von Bertalanffy in the 1920s (Kaban, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e). System theory was developed by biologist Ludwig von Bertalanffy in the 1920s and called \u0026ldquo;general system theory\u0026rdquo;. In the 20th century, systems theory has evolved from deterministic to probabilistic, from control engineering to soft systems approach and from partial to integrated approach (Loorbach et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). Initially oriented towards military and industrial applications, the theory later found wide application in the social sciences. Bertalanffy\u0026apos;s contributions to systems theory, which is considered one of the most respected approaches in the 1960s, developed systems theory and made it applicable to all kinds of systems (Akkuş \u0026amp; İzci, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn the 1970s and 1980s, integral systems theory became an important field focusing on the integration of social, economic and ecological processes. During this time, soft systems theory emerged, which takes a qualitative rather than a quantitative approach and is mostly applied to companies and organizations (Loorbach et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). In the 1990s, complex systems theory was introduced, which focuses on the co-evolutionary development of systems, based on the general systems theory published by von Bertalanffy (1968) in the 1930s. Complex systems theory is an interdisciplinary field that studies the nature of complex systems in nature, society, science and technology. It provides a framework for analyzing open systems composed of interacting components that evolve over time (Loorbach et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBibliometric Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBibliometrics is defined as the quantitative analysis of written communication and publications. Basically, it develops techniques and methods for measuring and analyzing scholarly communication. Bibliometrics is also referred to as research techniques used in a wide variety of fields to study publications and their products (Manthorpe, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e). Bibliometrics was defined by Pritchard as an important field that uses mathematical and statistical methods to measure and evaluate the output of scientific research (Webb et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e). It is an analytical method that emerged in the early 20th century and aims to measure the number, distribution and use of scientific publications (Ball, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). \u0026ldquo;Bibliometrics is a discipline that involves the quantitative analysis of written communication used to understand the structure and development of scientific research\u0026rdquo; (Andres, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). The further development of each research direction often requires a review of past research. Bibliometrics is a type of quantitative science useful for tracking general research trends in a particular field (Bao et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe idea of measuring scientific publications and citations is based on efforts to analyze bibliographic data of scientific literature. Accordingly, research on the registration, classification and citation relationships of scientific publications began in the 17th century, but the idea of systematically collecting and analyzing bibliographic data was further developed in the 18th century. Studying what scientists cited from each other was seen as important for understanding scientific communication and the flow of information. In the early 19th century, Eugene Garfield\u0026apos;s development of the Scientific Citation Index (SCI) and similar bibliographic indexes greatly advanced research in this field. In the 20th century, advances in computer technology made it possible to analyze large-scale bibliographic data and develop bibliometric indexes. As a result, the systematic collection and analysis of bibliographic data from the scientific literature formed the basis of the field of bibliography (Gingras, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). In the 20th century, Cole and Eales conducted the first studies on the quantitative analysis of scientific publications in 1917 (Ball, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe term statistical bibliography, which was used before the term bibliometrics, was first used by E. Wyndham Hulme in 1922 and aimed to analyze written communication processes. Hulme tried to illuminate the processes of science and technology by counting documents (Andres, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). In 1923, Hulme used the citation analysis method to investigate the relationships between scientific topics (Ball, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Later, the use of the term was ignored for a long time, but it came to the fore again with Gosnell\u0026apos;s article (Andres, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). In 1926, Gross and Gross tried to determine the importance of scientific journals by analyzing article references (Ball, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). The term \u0026quot;statistical bibliography\u0026quot; was criticized for its cumbersomeness and lack of descriptiveness. Instead, the term \u0026quot;bibliometrics\u0026quot;, which refers to the application of mathematical and statistical methods to written communication tools, was proposed (Andres, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). In the 1930s, Lotka, Bradford, and Zipf developed a basic mathematical model known as the bibliometric law. In the 1960s, Eugene Garfield pioneered the development of bibliometric analysis by creating the Science Citation Index. The term \u0026ldquo;bibliometrics\u0026rdquo; has been widely accepted in the field of information science as it is considered more appropriate and useful (Pritchard, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1969\u003c/span\u003e). The creation of the Scientific Citation Index (SCI) was one of the most important developments in the field of bibliometrics.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSCI facilitated citation analysis and bibliography. Since the 1970s, bibliometrics has been widely used in science policy and research management. Since then, bibliometrics has been increasingly used in areas such as evaluating scientific performance, formulating research policies, and analyzing scholarly communication (Ball, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). In his work published in 1987, Broadus (\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e) emphasizes that bibliometrics is defined as the quantitative analysis of written documents, a field that includes citation analysis, publication count, and impact factor analysis. He addressed the theoretical and practical aspects of bibliometrics, explained the basic concepts and approaches in the field, and clearly demonstrated that bibliometrics is an important tool for understanding the impact and dissemination of scientific research. Ronald Rousseau, Leo Egghe and Raf Guns (2018), well-known experts in the field of bibliometrics, defined bibliometrics as a branch of science that deals with the numerical analysis and evaluation of scientific publications and citations (Ball, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSince the early 20th century, bibliometrics has been used to evaluate research outputs, calculate the impact of scientific publications and authors, analyze academic collaborations, and analyze developments, with important contributions such as Garfield\u0026apos;s Scientific Citation Index and Lotka\u0026apos;s Law of Publication Frequency. Applications include monitoring trends in scientific literature. These methods play an important role in assessing the quality and impact of scientific research, measuring the performance of research institutions, and managing academic careers and funding (Broadus, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e). As a result, bibliometrics, whose roots date back to the early 20th century, is increasingly accepted as an analytical method for measuring scholarly communication (Ball, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Bibliometrics is a discipline that works with basic bibliographic units and elements such as books, journals, articles, citations, and keywords, and aims to understand the structure and development of science and technology by analyzing scientific literature, communication processes, and information flows. It aims to measure the quantitative aspects of scholarly communication using mathematical and statistical models. It provides bibliometric indicators for science policy, management and evaluation (Manthorpe, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e). Originally developed as a tool for librarians (Ball, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e), bibliometrics is an interdisciplinary field and is used by researchers from various fields of expertise, including historians of science, sociologists, information scientists and managers (Manthorpe, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e). The explosion in the number of scientific publications after World War II increased the importance of bibliometric analysis. The number, distribution and use of publications began to be analyzed in a way that met the needs. Bibliometric indicators began to be used to measure the performance of researchers and the scientific productivity of institutions (Ball, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). There is great value in analyzing the most cited classical literature to discover fundamental issues for research (Bao et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). Publishing research results is a scientist\u0026apos;s obligation. The scientific publishing system in modern science continues to exist thanks to scientists\u0026apos; desire to protect their intellectual property rights. New scientific knowledge is the personal creation of researchers, and claims regarding their discoveries can only be made through publication (Webb et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e). Scholars use bibliometrics for a variety of reasons, including uncovering trends in article and journal performance, patterns of collaboration, and research components, and exploring the intellectual structure of a field within existing literature (Donthu et al., 2024).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSome of the important methods used in bibliometric research are as follows;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eH-Index and G-Index\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndexes that measure the productivity and impact of scientists\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTrend Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTechnique used to make future impact and citation estimates\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndependent Citation Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSorting out and evaluating self-citations\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMatching Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRevealing relationships between articles\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthorship Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExamining author networks and collaborations\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWord Matching\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDetecting connections between concepts\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCitation Burst Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIdentifying rapidly increasing citations (Rousseau et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBibliometric analysis, which includes quantitative measurement and statistical evaluation of academic publications, is used to reveal trends, tendencies and structures in science and technology (Andres, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). Bibliometric analysis is an increasingly widely used method that uses quantitative statistical techniques to understand trends in a particular scientific field (Ng et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). Bibliometric analysis systematically examines numerical data and citations in scientific publications (articles, books, etc.). In other words, bibliometric analysis is the careful examination and evaluation of quantitative characteristics of academic publications (number of publications, number of citations, collaboration networks, etc.). In this way, it is aimed to understand developments in the field of science and technology (Andres, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe steps of Bibliometric Analysis are as follows (Zupic and Čater, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e);\u003c/p\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1. Research Design\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2. Compilation of bibliometric data\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3. Analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4. Visualization\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5. Interpretation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBibliometric methods increase the reliability of findings by minimizing subjectivity (Bota-Avram, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe research model is structured based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement by Page et al. (\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e) and the bibliometric guidelines provided by Aria and Cuccurullo (\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). In this context, the research process is grounded in a detailed analytical framework comprising specific steps. The PRISMA statement, as proposed by Page et al. (\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), divides the analytical process into five key stages. The research model for this study is similarly designed with reference to this approach. The study steps are as follows:\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResearch Design\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe first step involves outlining the overall framework of the study and creating a design to answer the research questions. This phase includes defining the research hypothesis and clarifying the scope of the study.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Collection\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThis step determines which data sources will be used and details how the data will be collected.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAppropriate software or programs for analyzing the data are selected, and the collected data is loaded into these tools. The tools must align with the nature of the research.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoding and Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThis step involves processing the collected data in various ways to answer the research questions.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEvaluation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe final step consists of interpreting the analysis results. At this stage, the findings are compared with the study\u0026apos;s hypotheses, and conclusions are drawn (\u0026Ouml;zbilek, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAccording to the bibliometric analysis guidelines by Aria and Cuccurullo (\u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e), each of these steps should be meticulously followed, and the results should be evaluated objectively (Aria \u0026amp; Cuccurullo, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e, p. 960; Page et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e, p. 5). As illustrated in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, the research model begins with defining the keywords, time frame, language, and subject area for screening theories in the field of System Theory. The Scopus search using the identified keywords resulted in 8,479 documents. After filtering by time, type, language, and subject area, this number was reduced to 1,851 documents. Finally, bibliometric analysis was conducted using the bibliometrix package.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAccording to Ariaa and Cuccurullob\u0026apos;s (2017) bibliometric analysis guide, each of these steps should be implemented meticulously and the analysis results should be (Ariaa and Cuccurullob, 2017: 960; Page et al., \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e: 5). The research, the model of which is shown in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, was used to examine theories carried out in the field of systems theory by determining the keywords, time period, publication language and study area. The search made in Scopus using the determined keywords reached 8479 documents. When these documents were filtered by time, type, language and study area, this number decreased to 1851 documents. The final bibliometric analysis was performed using the bibliometrix package.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Method","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.1. Research Model\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThis study aims to examine the research conducted between 2000\u0026ndash;2024 in the field of system theory using the bibliometric analysis method. Databases exported from Scopus, one of the most authoritative databases of refereed articles, were used for data collection. First, the universe of the study topic was determined for the research. Then, the subject was searched in the database according to various criteria in this universe. The data received for analysis was loaded into the program and an R data frame was created. The first part of the analysis in the created frame is data loading and transformation and summarizing the main results of the bibliometric analysis. The second part is the stage that includes creating a document x attribute matrix and mapping. Here, terms from the text fields (abstract, title, author\u0026apos;s keywords and others) are filtered and excluded from the scope. The analysis is then completed with normalization, data reduction, network matrix creation and mapping (\u0026Ouml;zbilek, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e). Systematic Bibliometric Literature Review of Studies Conducted in the Field of System Theory The research, whose research model is shown in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, started with a Preliminary Literature Review conducted by scanning the studies conducted in the field of system theory. As a result of the SCOPUS Search conducted with the determined Keywords, 43317 documents were obtained. These documents were filtered according to Time, Type, Language, and Field of Study, and this number was reduced to 1442 documents. In the final stage, bibliometric analysis was performed using the bibliometrix package.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.2. Population and Sample\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThis study aimed to analyze the studies conducted in the field of system theory between the years 2000\u0026ndash;2024 within the framework of the concepts of system approach, system thinking, and system dynamics using the bibliometric analysis method. For this purpose, the Scopus database was used for the research. The research universe consists of all documents in the field of system theory. In this context, documents in the Scopus database were used as examples. Scopus provides powerful bibliography and citation analysis tools for examining the effectiveness and relationships of sources. This feature helps to obtain more in-depth and comprehensive results from our bibliometric analyses. The keywords used for the search were \u0026ldquo;systems theory\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;systems dynamics\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;cybernetics\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;complexity theory\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;systems thinking\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe research query was first created as follows;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eQuery = \u0026ldquo;systems AND theory OR systems AND thinking OR complexity AND theory OR system AND dynamics OR cybernetics\u0026rdquo;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe search terms consist of the words \u0026ldquo;systems AND theory OR systems AND thinking OR complexity AND theory OR system AND dynamics OR cybernetics\u0026rdquo; as seen in the query text. Then, filtering was done according to various criteria to make the scope of the study examinable. Type: \u0026ldquo;Article\u0026rdquo;, Time Range\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;2000\u0026ndash;2024, Field of study = \u0026ldquo;Engineering\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;Computer Science\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;Social Sciences\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;Maths\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;Business, Management And Accounting\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;Decision Sciences\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;Physics and Astronomy\u0026rdquo; were selected. Filtering was done by selecting keywords as \u0026ldquo;Systems Theory\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;Systems Thinking\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;Complexity Theory\u0026rdquo; \u0026ldquo;System Dynamics\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;Cybernetics\u0026rdquo; and finally publication language = \u0026ldquo;English\u0026rdquo;. As a result of the query dated July 1, 2024, 1442 publications were reached.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe final version of the query recorded in the Scopus program is as follows;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTITLE-ABS-KEY ( system AND theory OR system AND thinking OR complexity AND theory OR system AND dynamics OR cybernetics ) AND ( LIMIT-TO ( DOCTYPE, \u0026quot;ar\u0026quot; ) ) AND ( LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, \u0026quot;ENGI\u0026quot; ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, \u0026quot;COMP\u0026quot; ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, \u0026quot;MATH\u0026quot; ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, \u0026quot; PHYS\u0026quot; ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, \u0026quot;SOCI\u0026quot; ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, \u0026quot;BUSI\u0026quot; ) OR LIMIT-TO ( SUBJAREA, \u0026quot;DECI\u0026quot; ) ) AND ( LIMIT-TO ( EXACTKEYWORD, \u0026quot;System Dynamics\u0026quot; ) OR LIMIT-TO ( EXACTKEYWORD, \u0026quot;System Theory\u0026quot; ) OR LIMIT-TO (EXACTKEYWORD, \u0026quot;Systems Thinking\u0026quot;) OR LIMIT-TO (EXACTKEYWORD, \u0026quot;Cybernetics\u0026quot;) OR LIMIT-TO (EXACTKEYWORD, \u0026quot;Complexity Theory\u0026quot;)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.3. Data Collection and Methodology\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eData analysis and visualization were performed using R and R Studio programs, writing the bibliometric analysis code and using the Bibliometrix program, an R/R Studio add-on, with the help of the biblioshiny interface.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDatasets were obtained from the Scopus database. Scopus is a summarizing and indexing database containing full-text links produced by Elsevier. The name Scopus was inspired by the Hammerkop (Scopus umbretta) bird, known for its navigation abilities. The database, which began development in 2004, was developed in collaboration with 21 research institutes and more than 300 researchers and librarians. Verbal and behavioral feedback from these librarians and researchers was analyzed and used to improve the product (Burnham, 2006).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe main citation indexes of the Scopus database are Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded), Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Arts \u0026amp; Humanities Citation Index (A\u0026amp;HCI) and Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI). These are grouped according to research fields as Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Humanities and arts citation index (A\u0026amp;HCI), Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI) and Conference Proceedings Citation Index (CPCI). For bibliometric analysis, Bibliometrix, Biblioshiny, BibExcel, BiblioMaps, R programs, HistCite, Gephi, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, SciMat and various programs can be used (\u0026Ouml;zbilek, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e). Scopus content; It includes 49\u0026nbsp;million records including abstracts, a wide range of high-quality web pages and patent information, more than 20,500 refereed journals and scientific publications of 5,000 publishers, 5.3\u0026nbsp;million conference proceedings and 340 book series. It is a database compatible and integrated with ScienceDirect, Reaxys, Engineering Village, Embase, Quosa and all other Elsevier resources (Karamanoğlu MehmetBey University website). Bibliometrix is a comprehensive package for performing bibliometric analysis of scientific publications written in the R programming language. This tool allows you to examine scientific literature using various techniques such as performance analysis, scientific mapping, network analysis, clustering and visualization. Users can download data from data sources and perform detailed research using methods such as citation analysis, co-citation analysis, bibliographic linking, co-word analysis, co-authorship analysis. Bibliometrix provides basic and advanced analysis techniques to evaluate the quality of scientific publications, citation impact, country analysis, and subject analysis. In addition, this analysis can be easily performed thanks to the user-friendly graphical interface called Biblioshiny. In this way, researchers can analyze scientific literature systematically and reproducibly and obtain in-depth information about the intellectual structure and conceptual framework of scientific knowledge. While both performance analysis and scientific mapping applications help researchers better understand scientific literature, enrichment techniques such as network analysis and clustering reveal more complex relationships in scientific knowledge. As a result, Bibliometrix is a powerful tool for those who want to comprehensively analyze scientific publications written in the R language and provide comprehensive analyses (B\u0026uuml;y\u0026uuml;kkıdık, 2022).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4. Research questions\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe aim of the research is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of studies on System theory conducted between 2000\u0026ndash;2024. The questions sought to be answered for the bibliometric analysis of studies on System theory are stated as follows;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1. Which article is the most cited article among the articles on the concept of \u0026lsquo;System theory\u0026rsquo; in the journals in the Scopus database between 2000\u0026ndash;2024?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2. What is the number of publications in the field of \u0026lsquo;system theory\u0026rsquo; in the studies in the Scopus database?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3. What is the change in the number of publications in the field of \u0026lsquo;system theory\u0026rsquo; in the journals in the Scopus database over the years?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4. Who are the researchers who are most cited in the field of \u0026lsquo;system theory\u0026rsquo; in the journals in the Scopus database?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5. What is the historical development of studies in the field of \u0026lsquo;system theory\u0026rsquo; in the studies in the Scopus database?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6. Which is the most productive in the studies published on the concept of \u0026lsquo;systems theory\u0026rsquo; in the studies in the Scopus database?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7. Which are the most productive countries and universities in the studies published on the concept of \u0026lsquo;systems theory\u0026rsquo; in the studies in the Scopus database?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8. Which are the most frequently used words in the articles published with \u0026lsquo;systems theory\u0026rsquo; in the Scopus database?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9. What are the most frequently used words in the articles published on the concept of \u0026lsquo;systems theory\u0026rsquo; in the Scopus database?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e \u003cspan\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10. Which universities and countries have the most responsible authors who wrote the articles published on the concept of \u0026lsquo;systems theory\u0026rsquo; in the Scopus database, and what is the relationship between them?\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/span\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.5. Analysis and Findings\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThis study is a bibliometric analysis of the studies on systems theory published between 2000\u0026ndash;2024 in the Scopus database. In the bibliometric analysis of articles prepared on \u0026ldquo;system theory\u0026rdquo; (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e), a total of 1442 articles from the years 2000\u0026ndash;2024 were obtained from the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec14\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.5.1. General Analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAccordingly, the general results of the studies obtained in the analysis are shown in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMain Information\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOverview of the Data\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDescription\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResults\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDescription\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResults\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTime Range\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2000:2024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSources (journals, books, etc.)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e642\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAuthors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.520\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDocuments\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.442\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAuthors of Single-Author Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e271\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnnual Growth Rate %\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8,34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAverage Document Age\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7,69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors Collaboration\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAverage Citations per Document\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19,05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSingle-Author Documents\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e318\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCo-Authors per Document\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2,96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInternational Co-Authorship Percentage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24,41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDocument Content\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKeywords (ID)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDocument Types\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAuthor\u0026apos;s Keywords (DE)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.548\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArticle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1442\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe database obtained by downloading articles written in English between 2000\u0026ndash;2024 on the subject of \u0026ldquo;systems theory\u0026rdquo; from the Scopus database was analyzed using the open source Bibliometrix 4.0 package program running on the open source R program version 4.4. Accordingly, the publication dates of the articles in the database are between 2000\u0026ndash;2024 and a total of 1442 studies on system theory have been conducted, and the average age of these studies is 7.69. The authors of the single-authored documents are 271 people. The average number of citations per document was 19.05. Again, the number of single-authored documents was 318, the collaboration rate per document was 2.96%, and the international author collaboration rate was 24.41%.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhen looking at the articles written on systems theory by year in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, it is seen that while the numbers are close to each other between 2000\u0026ndash;2008, there has been an increase every year since 2009 compared to the previous year. Although there was a slowdown after 2015, studies have increased as of 2017. The year with the most articles was 2023. This shows that systems theory studies are gaining momentum.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScientific Publication Production of Countries\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCountry\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArticle Number\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSerial No.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUSA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.047\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEngland\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.888\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChina\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.423\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eItaly\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.117\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAustralia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.116\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGermany\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.053\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNetherlands\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e705\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e607\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSouth Africa\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e447\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNorway\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e437\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIran\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e422\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e421\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e420\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e398\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eT\u0026uuml;rkiye\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003ctfoot\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\"\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author using the R Program Bibliometrix program using the Scopus database.,\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tfoot\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, the USA ranks first in the scientific publication production of countries with 5047 articles, almost as many publications as the total of all other countries except the UK, while the UK ranks first with 2888 articles, China 2423 articles, Italy 1117 articles, Australia 1116 articles, Germany 1053 articles, the Netherlands 705 articles, Canada 607 articles, 447 articles, South Africa 437 articles, Norway 422 articles, Iran 421 articles, India 421 articles, Spain 420 articles, and France 398 articles. Turkey ranks 31st on the list with 181 articles.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhen the countries of the responsible authors are examined in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, the USA ranks first in single- and multi-authored articles, while China ranks second in multi-authored articles. China is followed by the UK, Italy, Australia and India. Ukraine, Japan and Hungary are at the bottom of the list, while Turkey ranks 12th, ahead of these countries.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe table of the most cited authors was created by filtering the most cited studies in the field of \u0026ldquo;Systems Theory\u0026rdquo; from the Scopus database with the help of the Bibliometrix program in the R program and Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e was created. Accordingly, the most cited authors were Uhl-Bien, Marion and McKelvey, with 1237 citations to their study titled \u0026ldquo;Complexity Leadership Theory: Shifting leadership from the industrial age to the knowledge era\u0026rdquo; published in The Leadership Quarterly in 2007, which aimed to explain the foundations of the Systems Theory. Friston, Mattout and Kilner\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Action understanding and active inference\u0026rdquo; published in Biol Cybern in 2011 came in second with 454 citations, while Rotmans and Loorbach\u0026rsquo;s study titled \u0026ldquo;Complexity and Transition Management\u0026rdquo;, which explains complex systems within the framework of systems theory and was published in the Journal of Industrial Ecology in 2009, came in third with 377 citations. As seen in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e, the list, which is ranked according to the number of citations, includes studies by authors from Turkey. The first of these is the study titled \u0026ldquo;Resilience and complexity measurement for energy efficient global supply chains in disruptive events\u0026rdquo; by Ekinci, Mangla, Kazancoglu, Sarma, Sezer and \u0026Ouml;zbiltekin-Pala, which was published in 2022 and has 22 citations. Following this study, Ekinci and Baykasoğlu\u0026apos;s article titled \u0026quot;Complexity and performance measurement for retail supply chains\u0026quot; published in the Industrial Management \u0026amp; Data Systems journal in 2019 was included in the list with 17 citations.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMost Cited Authors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAuthors\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eArticle Title\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSource\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNumber of Citations\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYear\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUhl-Bien, M., Marion, R., McKelvey, B.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComplexity Leadership Theory: Shifting leadership from the industrial age to the knowledge era\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe Leadership Quarterly 18(4) 298\u0026ndash;31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1237\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFriston, K., Mattout, J.,\u0026middot; Kilner, J\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAction understanding and active inference\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBiol Cybern 104:137\u0026ndash;160\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e454\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRotmans, J. \u0026amp; Loorbach, D.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComplexity and Transition Management\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJournal of Industrial Ecology Volume 13, Number 2 (184\u0026ndash;196)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e377\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVlachos, D., Georgiadis, P., Iakovou E.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAsystem dynamics model for dynamic capacity planning of remanufacturing in closed-loop supply chains\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComputers \u0026amp; Operations Research (34) 367\u0026ndash;394\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e346\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAllee, V.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eValue network analysis and value conversion of tangible and intangible asset\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJournal of Intellectual Capital Vol:9 (5\u0026ndash;24)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e335\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2008\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCabreraa, D., Colosic, L., Lobdell C.,\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystems thinking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEvaluation and Program Planning 31 (2008) 299\u0026ndash;310\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e268\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAn, L., Linderman, M., Qi, J., Shortridge, A., \u0026amp; Liu, J.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eExploring complexity in a human\u0026ndash;environment system: an agent-based spatial model for multidisciplinary and multiscale integration.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnnals of the association of American geographers, 95(1), 54\u0026ndash;79.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e253\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMirchi, A., Madani, K., Watkins, D., \u0026amp; Ahmad, S.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSynthesis of system dynamics tools for holistic conceptualization of water resources problems.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWater resources management, 26, 2421\u0026ndash;2442.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e252\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNiu, B., Liu, Y., Zong, G., Han, Z., \u0026amp; Fu, J. (2017).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCommand filter-based adaptive neural tracking controller design for uncertain switched nonlinear output-constrained systems.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, 47(10), 3160\u0026ndash;3171.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e200\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2017\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNg, I. C., Maull, R., \u0026amp; Yip, N.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOutcome-based contracts as a driver for systems thinking and service-dominant logic in service science: Evidence from the defence industry.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEuropean management journal, 27(6), 377\u0026ndash;387.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e198\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEkinci, E., Mangla, S. K., Kazancoglu, Y., Sarma, P. R. S., Sezer, M. D., \u0026amp; Ozbiltekin-Pala, M.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResilience and complexity measurement for energy efficient global supply chains in disruptive events.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTechnological Forecasting and Social Change, 179, 121634.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2022\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEkinci, E., \u0026amp; Baykasoğlu, A.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComplexity and performance measurement for retail supply chains.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIndustrial Management \u0026amp; Data Systems, 119(4), 719\u0026ndash;742.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2019\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEkinci, E., \u0026amp; Baykasoglu, A.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eModelling complexity in retail supply chains.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKybernetes, 45(2), 297\u0026ndash;322.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIbrahim Shire, M., Jun, G. T., \u0026amp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRobinson, S.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHealthcare workers\u0026rsquo; perspectives on participatory system dynamics modelling and simulation: designing safe and efficient hospital pharmacy dispensing systems together.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eErgonomics, 63(8), 1044\u0026ndash;1056.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSoydan, A. I., \u0026amp; Atilla Oner, M.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTimely resource allocation between R\u0026amp;D and marketing: a system dynamics view.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eInternational journal of innovation and technology management, 9(02), 1250012.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eG\u0026uuml;rsan, C., De Gooyert, V., De Bruijne, M., \u0026amp; Raaijmakers, J.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDistrict heating with complexity: Anticipating unintended consequences in the transition towards a climate-neutral city in the Netherlands.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEnergy Research \u0026amp; Social Science, 110, 103450.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBozkurt, E.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA Bibliometric Analysis of Systems Thinking Research in Science Education 1991\u0026ndash;2022.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eScience Education International, 34(3), 225\u0026ndash;234.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBozkurt, N. O., \u0026amp; Bozkurt, E.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystems Thinking in Education: A Bibliometric Analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEducation and Science 2024, Vol 49, No 218, 205\u0026ndash;231\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBozkus, T., \u0026amp; Mitra, U.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMulti-timescale ensemble Q-learning for Markov decision process policy optimization.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIEEE Transactions on Signal Processing.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026Ouml;zyılmaz, L., \u0026amp; Yıldırım, T. L.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReduction of complexity in conic section function neural network.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKybernetes, 32(4), 540\u0026ndash;547.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSource: Prepared by the Author in the R program using the Scopus database.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhen looking at the authors with the most publications within the time period of the research, the publication numbers of the first 10 authors are seen in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e. The bubble size shows the number of documents produced by the authors per year. The lines represent the production interval (timeline) over time. The intensity of the bubble color shows its importance, while the size of the bubble increases according to the number of articles published (\u0026Ouml;zbilek, \u003cspan class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e). According to the graph showing the productivity of the authors, Yanmin Wang from the School of Information Engineering Minzu University of China is at the top of the most cited authors, followed by Khurram Iqbal Ahmad Khan from the National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) and Huixiong Wang from the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e shows the most cited sources-journals. Accordingly, Kybernetes, the journal with the most publications, ranks first with 182 articles, followed by Systems Research and Behavioral Science with 56 articles, and Sustainability (Switzerland) with 41 articles.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, the size of the word in the Word Cloud According to Titles and Abstracts shows the usage density of that word. Accordingly, \u0026ldquo;system theory\u0026rdquo; comes first, followed by \u0026ldquo;system dynamics\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;cybernetics\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe most repeated words are shown in Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e according to the most frequently used words according to various parameters in titles, keywords and abstracts. Accordingly, when the word clouds according to the titles in the leftmost column are examined, the analysis made by selecting the abstracts of the key source articles for the most repeated words shows that \u0026ldquo;system theory\u0026rdquo; comes first with 402 repetitions, followed by system dynamics with 339 repetitions. When the keyword section of the articles is selected as a parameter, according to the results, system dynamics comes first, followed by system thinking and cybernetics. When the key source titles are selected, the most repeated words are system, dynamics and systems, respectively.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMost Repetitive Words by Keywords and Titles\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVocabulary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrequency\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVocabulary\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrequency\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWord\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrequency\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystems theory\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e402\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystem dynamics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e527\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystem\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e421\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystems dynamics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e339\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystems thinking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e297\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDynamics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e373\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCybernetics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e268\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCybernetics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e228\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystems\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e352\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComplexity theory\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e144\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComplexity theory\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e111\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eApproach\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e186\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDecision making\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e137\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComplexity\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eModel\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e168\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystems thinking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e136\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSimulation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThinking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e131\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDesign/methodology/approach\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e132\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSystem theory\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComplexity\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e112\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSustainable development\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSustainability\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnalysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComputer simulation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCausal loop diagram\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDynamics\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMatter\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eModeling\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eManage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKeyword plus-unigram\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAuthor keywords-unigram\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTitles-unigram\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe word tree according to the summaries is shown in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e. Accordingly, the word system was used the most with 2541 times and 8%, followed by model with 1613 times and 5%, and paper with 1194 times.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e, where the usage rate of words in articles is shown according to years, system theory, which is at the top of the words with the highest usage rate, shows a regular increase graph, while the word system dynamics started to increase between 2006\u0026ndash;2014, and this increase followed a rapid course from 2014. Cybernetics, on the other hand, has made a more stable progress compared to the first two.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec15\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.5.2.Analysis by Authors\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhen the number of citations in the database used in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e is examined, the most cited authors are Uhl-Bien and Leadersh with 1237 citations, followed by Friston and Biol with 454 citations. The first study with the most citations in the current database with 1237 citations is the article titled \u0026ldquo;Complexity Leadership Theory: Shifting leadership from the industrial age to the knowledge era\u0026rdquo; published in The Leadership Quarterly in 2007, while the article titled \u0026ldquo;Action understanding and active inference\u0026rdquo; published by Friston, Mattout and Kilner in Biol Cybern in 2011 is the second with 454 citations.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e, the University of Maribor in Slovenia is at the top of the universities where the authors of the most cited articles work, with 17 authors. The University of Queensland in Australia is in second place with 16 authors. The university that follows these universities in third place is University College London, which entered the list with the works of 15 authors.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe most productive universities are shown in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e. The academics who published the most articles in the field of systems theory were from Michigan State University. They were followed by academics working at The University of Queensland and University College London.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e shows the countries with the most cited articles. The USA ranks first in terms of the number of articles written, followed by the UK, China, Italy and Australia.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAccording to the thematic evolution analysis performed by selecting \u0026ldquo;Author\u0026rsquo;s Keywords\u0026rdquo; as the parameter and \u0026ldquo;Time Slice 1\u0026rdquo; as the time period in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e, the resulting article has the theme of the purpose of limited findings as the keyword, as seen in the lower left corner. There is a niche theme section in the upper left. The theme of daily policy factor stands out here. It is seen that the system document approach stands out in the engine themes section in the upper right corner of the graph. The basic themes are located in the lower right corner of the graph, and the theme of the complexity of system dynamics is here..\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThematic evolution analysis performed by selecting the Time Slice as \u0026ldquo;Time Slice 3\u0026rdquo; and the parameter as \u0026ldquo;Author\u0026rsquo;s Keywords\u0026rdquo; presents the graph in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e. The emerging and decreasing themes were group modeling, decision making, community-based system dynamics and community-based system dynamics. The basic themes are complexity, system theory and complex adaptive systems. Although cybernetics and information models stand out in the motor themes, system dynamics, systems thinking and causal loop diagram are positioned in a way that there is an equal distribution between the motor and basic themes. As niche themes, energy transition, scenario planning, business ethics and organizational ethical culture stand out.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.5.3. Analysis According to Collaboration Networks\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e, which shows the collaboration between authors, shows that authors working at the same university or in the same country are clustered together more as authors in an article. While Brent from Slovenia and Khan from India stand out in single-authored studies, author collaborations are seen to be more common in the USA and China.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAccording to the cross-country collaboration graph in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e, the USA and China have the most collaborations with other countries on \u0026ldquo;system theory\u0026rdquo;. While China generally cooperates intensively with Asian countries, the USA cooperates equally with Asian and European countries. European countries, except for the USA, mainly cooperate with each other. While the countries that Turkey cooperates the most with are the USA, China, India and Australia, it is noteworthy that cooperation with European countries is low.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e, which shows the collaboration between universities, shows that the highest collaboration is between Slippery Rock University in the USA and Ninajing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics in China.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e shows thematic change according to time periods. Accordingly, the concepts of \u0026ldquo;system dynamics and cybernetics\u0026rdquo;, whose importance was understood between 2000\u0026ndash;2011, maintained their place until 2023\u0026ndash;2024. In addition to these concepts in the 2012\u0026ndash;2018 time period, \u0026ldquo;action research\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;education\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;nonlinear dynamics\u0026rdquo; themes, which were prominent, are also present in the 2019\u0026ndash;2022 time period, while the others have given way to the themes of \u0026ldquo;fuzzy logic\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;complex systems\u0026rdquo;.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Results and Discussions","content":"\u003cp\u003eSystems are dynamic elements consisting of interrelated components and interactions organized to achieve a specific purpose. As system complexity increases, interactions between system states and problems become more apparent. Therefore, system models need to exhibit a holistic approach, be able to follow behavioral changes, and respond flexibly to changing events. This bibliometric study comprehensively examines research conducted in the field of systems theory from 2000 to 2024 and presents results evaluated within the framework of the concepts of systems approach, systems thinking, and systems dynamics.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe findings clearly demonstrate the powerful conceptual framework that systems theory provides for understanding and managing complex systems. Systems typically contain nonlinear, cyclical causal structures, and the dynamics of these structures emphasize the importance of the systems approach and systems thinking. While systems theory provides a holistic approach to problems, the systems approach provides a flexible perspective on changing phenomena. Systems thinking encourages examining a process as a whole and focusing on the relationships of the parts. This provides a holistic understanding of the system by considering system dynamics, feedback loops and dynamic elements and can be used to design sustainable policies. Bibliometric analysis, a method for developing techniques for measuring scholarly communication, emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary tools in understanding and managing complex systems. This method contributes to a better understanding of the field by systematically revealing research trends, developments and important concepts. Bibliometric analysis, in particular, is considered a powerful tool for improving knowledge production and scholarly communication in interdisciplinary fields such as systems theory.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe first of the most important contributions of this study is the explanation of research trends and developments. This bibliometric analysis, which aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the research conducted in the field of systems theory in the last 25 years, provides information about the focus, direction and development trends of the research field. This comprehensive review of systems theory can help identify current knowledge and gaps in the research field. In addition, identifying research trends can help guide future research and support progress in the field. Another contribution is the emphasis on important concepts. Concepts such as systems approach, systems thinking and system dynamics are important for the holistic understanding and management of complex systems. This study clearly demonstrates the importance and necessity of these concepts. It emphasizes the importance of a holistic, flexible and interdisciplinary approach to understanding and managing complex systems. In particular, the application of systems approaches and systems thinking can promote interdisciplinary integration and provide innovative solutions to complex problems. Finally, in order to understand the value of bibliometric methods, this study contributes to the development of a holistic understanding of interdisciplinary fields such as systems theory, bibliometric methods used to measure scientific communication. This method contributes to a better understanding of the field by systematically presenting research trends and developments. In addition, bibliometric analysis can provide valuable information for understanding the dynamics of the field and developing strategic research plans.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Scopus database was selected for the study because of its high quality and comprehensive, up-to-date data on a wide range of scientific publications in fields such as engineering, technology, and social sciences. However, a limitation of this study is the exclusion of other major databases (e.g. Web of Science and Google Scholar). Including these databases can expand the scope of the analysis and improve the generalizability of the results. More comprehensive bibliometric analyses can be conducted in future studies by including these databases in the analyses. In conclusion, this bibliometric study provides an in-depth analysis of the developments in the field of systems theory in the last 25 years and emphasizes the need for a holistic, flexible and interdisciplinary approach to understanding and managing complex systems. The complexity and dynamic nature of the system expand the scope of research in this field and enable the development of more effective management strategies. Bibliometric analysis plays an important role in this comprehensive research and serves as a powerful tool to improve knowledge production and scholarly communication in interdisciplinary fields such as systems theory. This study clearly demonstrates the contribution of systems theory to the understanding of complexity and dynamics and the importance of bibliometric analysis in evaluating this contribution.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthical Approval\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study is a bibliometric analysis, therefore this ethical approval is not applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo funding was used.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and materials - the statement should be on the submission system (a statement on how any datasets used can be accessed)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe data were obtained from Scopus, a summarizing and indexing database containing full-text links produced by Elsevier.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eAkkuş, B., \u0026amp; İzci, N. A. (2018). Systems approach, concepts and management. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University Journal of Social Sciences, 4(7), 223-237.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eAndres, A. (2009). Measuring academic research. How to undertake a bibliometric study. Chandos.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eAria, M., \u0026amp; Cuccurullo, C., (2017). Bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4): 959-975.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBall, R. (2017). An introduction to bibliometrics: New development and trends. Chandos Publishing.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBao, T., Gao, J., Wang, J., Chen, Y., Xu, F., Qiao, G., \u0026amp; Li, F. (2023). A global bibliometric and visualized analysis of gait analysis and artificial intelligence research from 1992 to 2022. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 10, 1265543.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBayraktar, K. O. (2017). Art Object and Pairing in the Context of Systems Theory. Proficiency in Art Thesis, Marmara University.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBroadus, R. N. (1987). Toward a definition of \u0026ldquo;bibliometrics\u0026rdquo;. Scientometrics, 12, 373-379.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBota-Avram, C. (2023). Science Mapping of Digital Transformation in Business. A Bibliometric Analysis and Research Outlook. Switzerland: Springer Nature.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBozkurt, E. (2023). A Bibliometric Analysis of Systems Thinking Research in Science Education 1991\u0026ndash;2022. Science Education International, 34(3), 225-234.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBozkurt, N. O., \u0026amp; Bozkurt, E. (2024). Systems Thinking in Education: A Bibliometric Analysis. Education and Science, 49(218).\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eCabrera, D., \u0026amp; Cabrera, L. (2023). What is systems thinking? In Learning, design, and technology: An international compendium of theory, research, practice, and policy (pp. 1495-1522). 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Journal of Documentation. 25. 348-349.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003ePage MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, Shamseer L, Tetzlaff JM, Akl EA, Brennan SE, Chou R, Glanville J, Grimshaw JM, Hr\u0026oacute;bjartsson A, Lalu MM, Li T, Loder EW, Mayo-Wilson E, McDonald S, McGuinness LA, Stewart LA, Thomas J, Tricco AC, Welch VA, Whiting P, Moher D. \u0026ldquo;The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews\u0026rdquo;. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2021 Sep;74(9):790-799. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2021.07.010. Erratum in: Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2022 Feb;75(2):192. PMID: 34446261.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eRousseau,R., Egghe, L., Guns, R., Becoming Metric-Wise_ A Bibliometric Guide for Researchers-Chandos Publishing (2018) 22.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eShire, M., I., Jun, G. T., \u0026amp; Robinson, S. (2020). Healthcare workers\u0026apos; perspectives on participatory system dynamics modeling and simulation: designing safe and efficient hospital pharmacy dispensing systems together. Ergonomics, 63(8), 1044-1056.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSoydan, A. I., \u0026amp; Atilla Oner, M. (2012). Timely resource allocation between R\u0026amp;D and marketing: a system dynamics view. International journal of innovation and technology management, 9(02), 1250012. 24.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eŞenaras, A. E., \u0026amp; Sezen, H. K. (2017). Systems thinking. Journal of Life Economics, 4(1), 39-58.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eVlachos, D., Georgiadis, P., \u0026amp; Iakovou, E. (2007). A system dynamics model for dynamic capacity planning of remanufacturing in closed-loop supply chains. Computers \u0026amp; operations research, 34(2), 367-394.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWebb, C., Dernis, H., Harhoff, D., \u0026amp; Hoisl, K. (2005). Analyzing European and international patent citations: a set of EPO patent database building blocks.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eZupic, I., \u0026amp; Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational research methods, 18(3), 429-472.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"System Theory, System Thinking, System Dynamics, Bibliometric Analysis","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5623017/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5623017/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eSystems are dynamic elements composed of interrelated components and interactions organized to achieve a specific goal. As system complexity increases, the interactions between system states and problems emerge. Therefore, system models need to exhibit a holistic approach, track behavior changes, and be flexible in response to changing events. This study examines the research conducted in the field of systems theory between 2000 and 2024 through bibliometric analysis within the framework of systems approach, systems thinking, and system dynamics concepts. It is shown that systems consist of interrelated components and that these relationships contain non-linear, cyclic causal structures. While systems theory provides a holistic approach to problems, the systems approach offers a flexible perspective on changing phenomena. Systems thinking is a concept that encourages the holistic examination of processes and focuses on the relationships of parts, whereas system dynamics, by considering feedback loops and dynamic elements, ensures a comprehensive understanding of the system and is used for designing sustainable policies. This study, using bibliometric analysis\u0026mdash;a method that develops techniques to measure scientific communication\u0026mdash;emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary tools for understanding and managing complex systems holistically\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Bibliometric Analysis of Research Conducted Between 2000-2024 in the Field of Systems Theory: Conceptual Foundations","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-12-12 12:45:15","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5623017/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"fe209179-d21b-4d48-af7b-9bea3b77b89b","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 12th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":41513870,"name":"Systems Engineering"},{"id":41513871,"name":"Industrial Engineering"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-12-12T12:45:15+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-12-12 12:45:15","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5623017","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5623017","identity":"rs-5623017","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"cBFmMYwuxLRRLfASyISRj","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}