Microstructural studies of Stellite 6 hardfacing deposited on nickel-based superalloys subjected to long-time aging

Microstructural studies of Stellite 6 hardfacing deposited on nickel-based superalloys subjected to long-time aging | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Microstructural studies of Stellite 6 hardfacing deposited on nickel-based superalloys subjected to long-time aging Xiaozhou Zhang, Rong Liu, Xueyao Wu, Siqi Li, Xijia Wu, Fadila Khelfaoui This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3980937/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Stellite 6 hardfacing is deposited on Haynes 282 and Inconel 740H via plasma transferred arc (PTA) welding. The fabricated hardfacing specimens are subjected to different post-welding heat treatments, then aged at 760 °C, 815 °C and 871 °C for a time length ranging from 1000 to 30000 h. The microstructures of the hardfacings before and after long-time aging are investigated with SEM/EDS/XRD. It is shown that the PTA welding process causes the hardfacing microstructure deviating from Stellite 6 alloy due to dilution. With participation of other elements from the substrate material, the compositions of both solid solution and carbide/intermetallic of the Stellite 6 hardfacing are modified. In the meanwhile, Ti-rich or Ti/Nb-rich new phases are generated. Long-time aging has an impact on the microstructures of the hardfacings, but at 760 ℃, in particular, for an exposure time less than 20000 h, the microstructures of the hardfacings do not show obvious change. However, when the hardfacing specimens are aged at 815 ℃ and 871 ℃ even for an exposure time of 1000 h only, Al-rich precipitates can occur and the amount of the precipitates increase with aging time. These brittle precipitates generally have a detrimental effect on the performance of the hardfacings, because they can deteriorate the ductility of the hardfacings. With the presence of Al-rich precipitates the hardness of the hardfacings decreases. Stellite 6 Hardfacing Plasma transferred arc (PTA) welding Long-time aging Microstructure Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 25 Apr, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 19 Apr, 2024 First submitted to journal 25 Feb, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 22 Feb, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3980937","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":293081489,"identity":"97392f3e-030f-4baf-829a-5aaff6c73439","order_by":0,"name":"Xiaozhou Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Carleton University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiaozhou","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":293081490,"identity":"40b14e96-f80a-4253-913d-14ed86eb28af","order_by":1,"name":"Rong Liu","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA5ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC+wYgwdggwcAP4j0gRovBAagWSZDeBAYDorVAGcRpOd57+AVjg0Xi5uOHn31IqPgjZ87A/PADPi32PefSLIAOS9x2Js14RsIZA2PLBjZjCXxa7CRyzAzAWm4wGDMkthkkbjjAw4BXizFMy+YZ7J8ZEv+BtTD/wKfFcEaO8QOQlg0SPEBbGsBa2PDaYnDmjBlQpYTxjDM5xQwJx4yNDQ6zmVng1XK8x/jDxz91sv3txzczfKiRkzM43vz4Bj4tQMAmkYDCZyagHqQEbyyMglEwCkbBKGAAABcCSjc0oYyeAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7255-3796","institution":"Carleton University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rong","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":293081491,"identity":"87201515-0379-41d4-b392-e4cdc1acd710","order_by":2,"name":"Xueyao Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Carleton University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xueyao","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":293081492,"identity":"ca9d71ae-e96a-44ef-89e7-e7f62dee2b6a","order_by":3,"name":"Siqi Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Carleton University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Siqi","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":293081493,"identity":"73f88e88-cf86-4e01-a643-8c89b1f53787","order_by":4,"name":"Xijia Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Research Council Canada","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xijia","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":293081494,"identity":"2ed7e3b9-9369-40cd-90ec-6983b2b6b98f","order_by":5,"name":"Fadila Khelfaoui","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Velan Inc.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fadila","middleName":"","lastName":"Khelfaoui","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-02-23 06:49:34","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3980937/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3980937/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":55176684,"identity":"cd2fe3d8-2c73-4a4f-8165-45685bffa200","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-23 16:24:23","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4895032,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscrip.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3980937/v1_covered_702de599-a703-462d-b90f-655e25e706c1.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Microstructural studies of Stellite 6 hardfacing deposited on nickel-based superalloys subjected to long-time aging","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"welding-in-the-world","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"witw","sideBox":"Learn more about [Welding in the World](https://www.springer.com/journal/40194)","snPcode":"40194","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/witw/","title":"Welding in the World","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Stellite 6, Hardfacing, Plasma transferred arc (PTA) welding, Long-time aging, Microstructure","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3980937/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3980937/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eStellite 6 hardfacing is deposited on Haynes 282 and Inconel 740H via plasma transferred arc (PTA) welding. The fabricated hardfacing specimens are subjected to different post-welding heat treatments, then aged at 760 \u0026deg;C, 815 \u0026deg;C and 871 \u0026deg;C for a time length ranging from 1000 to 30000 h. The microstructures of the hardfacings before and after long-time aging are investigated with SEM/EDS/XRD. It is shown that the PTA welding process causes the hardfacing microstructure deviating from Stellite 6 alloy due to dilution. With participation of other elements from the substrate material, the compositions of both solid solution and carbide/intermetallic of the Stellite 6 hardfacing are modified. In the meanwhile, Ti-rich or Ti/Nb-rich new phases are generated. Long-time aging has an impact on the microstructures of the hardfacings, but at 760 ℃, in particular, for an exposure time less than 20000 h, the microstructures of the hardfacings do not show obvious change. However, when the hardfacing specimens are aged at 815 ℃ and 871 ℃ even for an exposure time of 1000 h only, Al-rich precipitates can occur and the amount of the precipitates increase with aging time. These brittle precipitates generally have a detrimental effect on the performance of the hardfacings, because they can deteriorate the ductility of the hardfacings. With the presence of Al-rich precipitates the hardness of the hardfacings decreases.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Microstructural studies of Stellite 6 hardfacing deposited on nickel-based superalloys subjected to long-time aging","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-04-23 16:16:08","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3980937/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2024-04-25T16:47:24+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-04-19T08:26:21+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Welding in the World","date":"2024-02-25T20:50:09+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-02-23T02:47:27+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"welding-in-the-world","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"witw","sideBox":"Learn more about [Welding in the World](https://www.springer.com/journal/40194)","snPcode":"40194","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/witw/","title":"Welding in the World","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"063e3065-ae43-4d08-8c8b-a4ae24658bc4","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 23rd, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-11-12T19:46:17+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-04-23 16:16:08","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-3980937","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3980937","identity":"rs-3980937","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}