Addition of two new genera—Marcstadlera gen. nov. and Neoclypeosphaerella gen. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae)—based on polyphasic evidences

Addition of two new genera—Marcstadlera gen. nov. and Neoclypeosphaerella gen. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae)—based on polyphasic evidences | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Addition of two new genera—Marcstadlera gen. nov. and Neoclypeosphaerella gen. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae)—based on polyphasic evidences Gargee Singh, Soumyadeep Rajwar, Sahana Khatoon, Sanjay Yadav, and 7 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6501186/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract During a survey of foliicolous fungi in India, two interesting anamorphic hyphomycetous fungal specimens were collected from diseased leaves of Calotropis spp. and Mallotus philippensis . The specimens on Calotropis spp. produced fascicles of conidiophores from stromata, accompanied by secondary superficial hyphae bearing solitary conidiophores. The specimen on Mallotus philippensis resembled Mycovellosiella , characterized by secondary superficial hyphae bearing micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, and aseptate conidiophores. A polyphasic approach—including morphological, cultural, and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (LSU- RPB2 -ITS), coupled with genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition— identified its relationship with cercosporoid fungi within the family Mycosphaerellaceae . The analysis confirmed that these fungal specimens represent distinct lineages without known morphological or DNA sequence counterparts. Consequently, two new genera are proposed: Marcstadlera and Neoclypeosphaerella , with M. malloti comb. nov. and N. calotropidis comb. nov. as their respective type species. Additionally, Clypeosphaerella calotropidis , Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii , and Pseudocercospora malloti are recognized as new synonyms. Marcstadlera and Neoclypeosphaerella are monophyletic as are several other genera in the Mycosphaerellaceae. The ultrastructure of the conidiogenous loci and hila differs between these two genera. In Marcstadlera , the loci are cylindrical or peg-like, truncate at the apex, while the conidial base is narrowly obconically truncate. In Neoclypeosphaerella , the loci are slightly protuberant and surrounded by a circular rim-like structure, forming a truncated apex with a centrally positioned small apical depression. The conidial base is obconically truncated and also surrounded by a circular rim-like structure. Anamorph Mycosphaerellales Dothideomycetes multigene-phylogeny nomenclature new taxa Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Introduction Mycosphaerellaceae Lindau is a diverse family of fungi in the order Mycosphaerellales ( Ascomycota ), comprising over 3,000 species. Through morphological and molecular studies, more than 120 genera have been accepted in Mycosphaerellaceae (Wijayawardene et al. 2014 ; Videira et al. 2017 ; Crous et al. 2020b ; Bakhshi et al. 2020 ; Bakhshi & Braun 2022 ; Yadav et al. 2022 , 2023 ; Bakhshi & Crous 2024 ; Melo et al. 2025 ). Members of Mycosphaerellaceae exhibit a complex life cycle, encompassing both sexual (teleomorphic) and asexual (anamorphic) stages. They thrive in diverse habitats and adopt various lifestyles, including pathogenic, endophytic, saprophytic, and epiphytic modes of existence in various hosts worldwide (Videira et al. 2017 ). They have garnered significant research attention due to their association with a wide range of economically and ornamentally important host plants (Videira et al. 2017 ; Abdollahzadeh et al. 2020 ; Bakhshi et al. 2021 ; Bakhshi & Braun 2022 ). Advances in molecular phylogenetics have significantly reshaped their taxonomy, uncovering cryptic species and refining classification (Crous et al. 2007 , 2013a , b ; Verkley et al. 2013 ; Quaedvlieg et al. 2014 ; Videira et al. 2017 ; Bakhshi et al. 2021 ; Bakhshi & Braun 2022 ). Beyond their pathogenic roles, Mycosphaerellaceae species play a crucial part in ecological dynamics, influencing plant health and ecosystem stability. Clypeosphaerella Guatim. et al. (2016) and Mycovellosiella Rangel ( 1917 ) are the two notable genera within the Mycosphaerellaceae , and the members of these genera are typically causing leaf spot diseases. The genus Clypeosphaerella exhibits both sexual and asexual morphs. The sexual morph is distinguished by its thicker upper ascomatal wall, resembling a pseudoclypeus. In contrast, the asexual morph develops fasciculate conidiophores from stromata, as well as solitary conidiophores arising from secondary superficial hyphae, with conidia forming singly or in chains (Chupp 1954 ; Kamal et al. 1990; Braun 2000a ; Wilkinson et al. 2005 ; Haldar & Ray, 2001 ; Guatim. et al. 2016; Videira et al. 2017 ). Similarly, the genus Mycovellosiella is characterized by the absence or poor development of stromata. It produces secondary superficial hyphae that give rise to solitary or fasciculate conidiophores as lateral branches, with conidia forming either singly or in chains (Videira et al. 2017 ). During a 2023–2024 survey of foliicolous fungi in Uttar Pradesh, India, two anamorphic hyphomycetous fungal specimens were collected from diseased leaves. The first specimen was found on Calotropis spp., where it developed fascicles of conidiophores from stromata, accompanied by secondary superficial hyphae bearing solitary conidiophores. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that the isolate forms an independent lineage within Mycosphaerellaceae , clustering with Clypeosphaerella calotropidis but remaining distinct from C. sticheri , the type species of Clypeosphaerella . To accommodate this unique lineage, the novel genus Neoclypeosphaerella is proposed, emphasizing its uniqueness within Mycosphaerellaceae . Similarly, another specimen, Mycovellosiella malloti —the basionym of Pseudocercospora malloti —was isolated from Mallotus philippensis , where it developed secondary superficial hyphae with micronematous to semi-macronematous solitary conidiophores. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that this isolate segregates from Mycovellosiella , forming an independent lineage within Mycosphaerellaceae . As a result, the novel genus Marcstadlera is proposed to accommodate this fungus, underscoring its distinct evolutionary trajectory within the family. Mycovellosiella was previously distinguished from Passalora Fr. and Phaeoramularia Munt.-Cvetk. based on the formation of superficial mycelium with solitary conidiophores formed in vivo. However, these traits are phylogenetically and taxonomically insignificant and appear unreliable (Videira et al. 2017 ). Therefore, species exhibiting mycovellosiella-like morphology should be tentatively maintained in or assigned to Passalora s. lat. , unless their phylogenetic affinity is thoroughly investigated (Videira et al. 2017 ). These taxonomic revisions, driven by molecular phylogenetics and morphological analyses, refine the classification and relationships of these taxa and are discussed in detail in this manuscript. Fungal diversity in India is very high, with a large number of species being introduced annually. Previous studies on phytopathogenic fungi related to Mycosphaerellaceae in India primarily relied on morphological data (Singh et al. 2007 , 2008 , 2011 , 2012 , 2013 , 2014a , b , 2020a , b , 2022 ; Kamal 2010 ; Kumar et al. 2014 ; Kumar & Singh 2015 , 2016 ; Singh & Kumar 2017 ; Kushwaha et al. 2020 ; Verma et al. 2023 ). However, recent studies (Singh et al. 2020b ; Verma et al. 2021a , b ; Yadav et al. 2021 , 2022 , 2023 ) indicate a shift towards incorporating cultures, SEM images and DNA sequence data to support their findings. Materials and Methods Sample collection and fungal isolation Slides were mounted in 1:1 mixture of glycerine and lactophenol cotton-blue from the infected part of leaves. Observations were made with a Stereo Zoom Microscope (Magnus: MSZ-TR) with attached camera (CatCam300EF) and an Olympus compound microscope (BX53) equipped with differential inference contrast (DIC) illumination, and images were captured using Olympus DP28 camera with associated software. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FEI Nova Nano SEM-450). For SEM micrographs, specimens were coated with gold-palladium using a POLARON Sputter coater and examined with a LEO-430 scanning electron microscope. Detailed observations of morphological characters were carried out at different magnifications through light microscopy (450 × and 1000 ×) and scanning electron microscopy (up to ~ 55 K ×). Size ranges of morphological features were determined from at least 25 measurements, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for the measurements, with the extreme values given in parentheses. The examined reference specimens are deposited in the fungarium of Ajrekar Mycological Herbarium (AMH), MACS, Agharkar Research Institute (ARI), Pune, India, and duplicates are retained in the Mycological Herbarium of the Department of Botany of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India (MH-BHU). For in-vitro isolation, conidia were transferred to Petri dishes containing malt extract agar (MEA), potato dextrose agar (PDA), and agar media supplemented with undefined vegetables peelings. The dishes were incubated at 25 ± 5 ˚C and diffuse daylight. The ex-type living cultures are deposited at the National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), MACS, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India. DNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing The genomic DNA was extracted from mycelia and conidia freshly scrapped from PDA plates using a sterile scalpel blade. Approximately 200 mg of wet-weight was transferred to 2-mL microcentrifuge tubes kept in liquid nitrogen for 2 min and then grinded to a fine powder using pestle and mortar. DNA was extracted using modified CTAB method using the protocol of Van Burik et al. ( 1998 ). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified by using ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990 ), large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU) gene with LROR/LR7 (Vilgalys & Hester 1990 ; Rehner & Samuels 1994 ), and partial DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit ( RPB2 ) with RPB2-5F2/RPB2-7cR (Liu et al. 1999 ; Sung et al. 2007 ) primer pairs. Amplification reaction mixtures and conditions described by Yadav et al. (Yadav et al. 2022 , 2023 ) were followed for standard amplification and subsequent sequencing of the ITS, LSU and RPB2 by Eurofins Genomics (Bengaluru, India). Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis The obtained ITS, LSU and RBP2 sequences from the isolates NFCCI 5818, NFCCI 5819, NFCCI 5983, and NFCCI 5984 were assembled and edited using Chromas v.2.6.6. The manually edited sequences were submitted to NCBI GenBank (Table 1) and were subjected to a megablast search of the NCBI GenBank nucleotide database to retrieve most closely matched sequences of related strains. Reference sequences were also selected from relevant published literature (Table 1). Sequence alignments were generated using MAFFT v.7 (Katoh et al. 2019 ). The alignments of individual loci were concatenated using Mesquite v. 3.61 (Maddison & Maddison 2018 ) and deposited as electronic supplementary materials in TreeBASE ( http://www.treebase.org/ ), under the accession number 32049 and URL http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/study/TB2:S32049?x-access-code=b06647353af0bee2d49542a8bb895832&format=html . Phylogenetic trees were constructed using Bayesian inference (BI) performed with MrBayes v. 3.2.7 (Ronquist et al. 2012 ) and maximum likelihood (ML) analysis performed with RAxML v.8.2.10 (Stamatakis 2014 ) as explained in Yadav et al. ( 2022 , 2023 ). The phylogenetic analyses were individually applied to two datasets as different combinations used as barcodes and can provide valuable information for understanding evolutionary relationships at the genus and species level in Mycosphaerellaceae (Videira et al. 2017 ; Chen et al. 2022 ). Dataset 1 consisted of LSU- RPB2 sequences, and dataset 2 consisted of LSU- RPB2 -ITS sequences from 32 genera currently known to the Mycosphaerellaceae . All trees were rooted with Ramichloridium apiculatum (CBS 156.59) and Uwebraunia australiensis (CBS 120729). The trees presented here were obtained with the ML approach. Tree reconstruction, visualization and editing were done using FigTree v.1.4.4, and the layout of the trees was done in Adobe® Illustrator v. CC 2017. The multigene phylograms are shown in Figs. 1 and 2 . Genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition analysis Genealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) model (as described by Taylor et al. 2000 ) was used to clarify species boundaries among closely related and potentially ambiguous taxa by using pairwise homoplasy index (Φw) test, a statistical test to evaluate genetic data. GCPSR is valued for its ability to synthesize information from multiple genes, evaluate gene flow, operate within an evolutionary timescale, and provide practical insights into species delimitation. It underscores the complexity of species boundaries and offers a robust framework for understanding evolutionary relationships among organisms (Koufopanou et al. 1997 ; Geiser et al. 1998 ; Taylor et al. 2000 ; Starkey et al. 2007 ). A Pairwise homoplasy index (PHI) test (Philippe and Bryant, 2006 ) was performed in SplitsTree4 (Huson 1998 ; Huson & Bryant 2006 ) to determine the recombination level within phylogenetically closely related species using a three-locus concatenated dataset of closely related species. If the pairwise homoplasy index (PHI) value exceeds the threshold of 0.05 (Φw ≥ 0.05), it signifies the absence of significant recombination in the dataset. The relationships between these fifteen, closely related, species were visualized by constructing splits graphs (Fig. 3 ) from the three-locus concatenated datasets, using both the Log-Det transformation and splits decomposition options. Results The sequences from specimens NFCCI 5818 and NFCCI 5819 were 100% identical across all regions. Likewise, the sequences from specimens NFCCI 5983 and NFCCI 5984 were also 100% identical in each region. The data for the trees conducted in the different analyses are shown in Table 1. Phylogenetic trees obtained from the combined gene analyses are supplied below (Figs. 1 and 2 ). Dataset 1 (LSU- RPB2 phylogeny) This dataset consisted of a concatenated alignment of two loci: LSU and RPB2 . The final alignment has a total of 1235 characters, with LSU contributing 692 characters and RPB2 contributing 543 characters, inclusive of alignment gaps. The phylogenetic trees generated from Bayesian analyses (BI) and maximum parsimony (MP) has shown similar overall topology, indicating consistent results across these methods. A best scoring RAxML tree is presented in Fig. 1 , with the Likelihood value of − 14653.366735. Estimated base frequencies were as follows: A = 0.235837, C = 0.305805, G = 0.252457, T = 0.205901; substitution rates AC = 1.073482, AG = 3.362976, AT = 0.756117, CG = 0.718572, CT = 5.587844, GT = 1.000000; gamma distribution shape parameter α = 0.547561. In this analysis, Clypeosphaerella calotropidis (CBS 129.30) and C. quasiparkii (CBS 123243) are now separated from the Clypeosphaerella (type species: C. sticheri ) clade and are placed in a separate sister branch of Rosenscheldiella brachyglottidis (PDD 94939) along with NFCCI 5983 and NFCCI 5984 (Fig. 1 ). C. calotropidis , C. quasiparkii and C. sticheri form a paraphyletic group. Marcstadlera is identified as a sister group to both Neoclypeosphaerella and Rosenscheldiella. However, the statistical support for this relationship is very low. Dataset 2 (LSU- RPB2 -ITS phylogeny) This dataset consisted of a concatenated alignment of three loci: LSU, RPB2 and ITS. The final alignment of this dataset contained a total of 1675 characters divided into three partitions containing 692 (LSU), 543 ( RPB2 ) and 440 (ITS) characters, including alignment gaps. The phylogenetic trees generated from Bayesian analyses (BI) and maximum parsimony (MP) has shown similar overall topology, indicating consistent results across these methods. A best scoring RAxML tree is presented in Fig. 2 , with the Likelihood value of − 19399.308522. Estimated base frequencies were as follows: A = 0.201081, C = 0.284874, G = 0.278655, T = 0.235390; substitution rates AC = 1.857707, AG = 4.458699, AT = 1.107011, CG = 0.007891, CT = 6.730028, GT = 1.000000; gamma distribution shape parameter α = 0.484710. The results of the analysis of dataset 2 (Fig. 2 ) almost fully support the dataset 1 analysis, except for the placement of Rosenscheldiella brachyglottidis (PDD 94939) (Fig. 1 ). Marcstadlera is identified as a sister group to Neoclypeosphaerella with high statistical support (BI-PP/ML-BS: 0.99/89), suggesting a close evolutionary relationship between these two genera. In both datasets, C. calotropidis (BRIP 39358 and CBS 12930) and C. quasiparkii (CBS 123243) are separated from the type species of Clypeosphaerella, C. sticheri (CPC 24705 and CPC 24733) and form a paraphyletic group. Both C. calotropidis and C. quasiparkii are grouped with NFCCI 5983 and NFCCI 5984 in a distinct sister branch of the newly introduced genus Marcstadlera (Fig. 2 ), forming a statistically supported monophyletic group (BI-PP/ ML-BS: 0.99/89). Clypeosphaerella , Distocercospora , Marcstadlera , Neoclypeosphaerella , Pedrocrousiella , Pteridopassalora , and Rosenscheldiella form a statistically supported monophyletic group in both datasets (BI-PP/ ML-BS: 1/87 or 1/88). Genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition analysis The PHI tests were carried out to calculate the recombination level within two novel genera, and their phylogenetically closely related taxa. The PHI tests showed that there is no significant recombination (Фw = 1.0) between closely related taxa, viz., Clypeosphaerella , Distocercospora , Marcstadlera, Neoclypeosphaerella , Pedrocrousiella , Pteridopassalora , Rosenscheldiella , and Uwemyces (Fig. 3 ). Taxonomy Marcstadlera Gargee Singh & Raghv. Singh, gen. nov. Figures 4 , 5 and 6 . MycoBank: MB854795. Etymology: derived from the name of Professor Dr Marc Stadler (Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany), a globally renowned expert in industrial microbiology and mycology, as well as fungal biodiversity research and natural product chemistry. Diagnosis: differs from the genus Neoclypeosphaerella by developing conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, arising singly from external hyphae as intercalary or terminal cells of superficial hyphae, micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, aseptate and mostly catenate conidia. Description: Phytopathogenic, causing leaf spots. Stromata absent. Mycelium mostly external and superficial, septate, branched, smooth to slightly roughened, light brown or olivaceous brown. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, developing individually from intercalary or terminal cells of external hyphae, micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, aseptate, light brown or olivaceous brown. Conidiogenous cells integrated, cylindrical, mono- to polyblastic, conidiogenous loci (scars) unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened, cylindrical or peg-like, truncate at apex (ultrastructure). Conidia dry, mostly catenate, forming ramoconidia, intercalary, and terminal conidia, obclavate-cylindrical, transversely septate, smooth to slightly roughened, light brown to pale olivaceous brown, straight to curved, thick-walled, tip subacute to rounded, base narrowly obconically truncate (ultrastructure), hilum unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened. Some of the conidial cells elongate and behave like conidiogenous cells. Type species: Marcstadlera malloti (Kharwar, P.N. Singh & R.K. Chaudhary) Gargee Singh, Raghv. Singh, & Sahana (≡ Mycovellosiella malloti Kharwar, P.N. Singh & R.K. Chaudhary). Notes: Based on a megablast search of NCBI’s GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the ITS sequence had highest similarity to Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii [strain CBS 123243, GenBank MH863287; identities = 416/434 (96%), 3 gaps (0%)], Clypeosphaerella calotropidis [strain BRIP 39358, GenBank AY303969; identities = 402/418 (96%), 2 gaps (0%)] and Ramulariopsis gossypii [strain RA17.5, GenBank KR265337; identities = 417/441 (95%), 14 gaps (3%)]. Closest hits using the LSU sequence are Clypeosphaerella sticheri [strain CPC 24733, GenBank KT037577; identities = 516/527 (98%), 0 gap (0%)], Pteridopassalora nephrolepidicola [strain CBS 128211, GenBank HQ599591; identities = 516/527 (98%), 0 gap (0%)] and Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii [strain CBS 123243, GenBank MH874811; identities = 516/529 (98%), 2 gap (0%)]. Closest hits using the RPB2 sequence had highest similarity to Clypeosphaerella calotropidis [strain CBS 129.30, GenBank MF951477; identities = 517/586 (88%), 0 gaps (0%)], Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii [strain CBS 123243, GenBank MF951478; identities = 515/586 (88%), 0 gaps (0%)] and Pteridopassalora nephrolepidicola [strain CBS 128211, GenBank KX462646; identities = 492/576 (85%), 0 gaps (0%)]. Marcstadlera malloti (Kharwar, P.N. Singh & R.K. Chaudhary) Gargee Singh, Raghv. Singh, & Sahana comb. nov. Figures 4 , 5 and 6 . MycoBank: MB854796. Basionym: Mycovellosiella malloti Kharwar, P.N. Singh & R.K. Chaudhary, Mycol Res 100(6): 689 (1996). Synonym: Pseudocercospora malloti (Kharwar, P.N. Singh & R.K. Chaudhary) U. Braun, Schlechtendalia 19: 69 (2009). Description: Leaf spots amphiphyllous, angular, greyish brown to dark brown, vein-limited, 1–2.5 mm wide, sometimes coalescing. Colonies effuse, hypogenous, greyish brown, velvety. Stromata absent. Mycelium mostly external and superficial, septate, branched, smooth to slightly roughened, light brown or olivaceous brown, 2–4.5 µm wide. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, developing individually from intercalary or terminal cells of external hyphae, micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, aseptate, light brown or olivaceous brown, (10–)12–15(–20) × (2–)2.5–3(–3.5) µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, cylindrical, mono to polyblastic, conidiogenous loci (scars) unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened, loci cylindrical or peg-like, truncate at apex (ultrastructure), 1.5–3 × 1–1.5 µm. Conidia dry, mostly catenate, forming ramoconidia, intercalary and terminal conidia, obclavate-cylindrical, with 1–8 transverse septa, wall smooth to slightly roughened, light brown to pale olivaceous brown, straight to curved, thick-walled, tip subacute to rounded, (10–)45–78(–117) × (2.5–)3–4(–5.5) µm, base narrowly obconically truncate (ultrastructure), hilum unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened, 0.8–1.5 µm wide. Some of the conidial cells become elongate and behaves like conidiogenous cells. Culture characteristics: Colonies on PDA slow-growing and attained a diameter of about 30 mm after 21 days at 25 ± 5 ˚C, raised, irregular, aerial mycelium velvety, upper surface dark grey to black centrally and white fluffy at periphery, reverse brown to black. Cultures fertile. Hyphae 1.5–2.5 µm wide, branched, septate, smooth to slightly roughened, subhyaline to very light olivaceous brown. Conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, developing individually from intercalary or terminal cells of hyphae, micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, aseptate, hyaline to very light olivaceous brown, (12–)20–22(–25) × (2–)2.5–3(–3.5) µm, conidiogenous loci (scars) unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened, loci cylindrical or peg-like, 1.5–3 × 1–1.5 µm. Conidia dry, noncatenate, obclavate-cylindrical, with 1–8 transverse septa, smooth to slightly roughened, light brown to pale olivaceous brown, straight to curved, thick-walled, tip subacute to rounded, (25–)70–100(–110) × (3–)4–4.5(–5) µm, base narrowly obconically truncate, hilum unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened, 1–1.5 µm wide, germinating conidia found. Chlamydospores spherical to oval, light brown to mid brown, germinating, 2–7 × 2–5 µm. Specimens examined: NEPAL, Chitwan, Narayangarh, on living leaves of Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Müll. Arg. ( Euphorbiaceae ), January 1995, Kamal (GPU 3008, HCIO 41505 isotype, IMI 366204 holotype); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, Kushmi Forest, 26.749748°N 83.468645°E, on living leaves of Mallotus philippensis , 8 February 2023, Gargee Singh, MH-BHU 114 (AMH 10726, epitype designated here, MycoBank MBT10024805), ex-type culture NFCCI 5818, gene sequence GenBank: PQ012587 (ITS), PQ012588 (LSU), PQ034553 ( RPB2 ); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, Kushmi Forest, on living leaves of M. philippensis , 25 March 2024, Raghvendra Singh, MH-BHU 115(AMH 10727), culture NFCCI 5819, gene sequence GenBank: PQ013688 (ITS), PQ013689 (LSU), PQ034554 ( RPB2 ). Note Presently, there are five species of Pseudocercospora that have been described on Mallotus , namely, P. bakeriana Deighton [≡ Cercospora bakeriana Sacc. 1914] (Deighton 1976), P. malloti (Kharwar, P.N. Singh & R.K. Chaudhary) U. Braun [≡ Mycovellosiella malloti Kharwar, P.N. Singh & R.K. Chaudhary] (Kharwar et al. 1996 ; Braun 2009 ), P. malloti-repandi (Bhalla, S.K. Singh & A.K. Srivast.) U. Braun [≡ Mycovellosiella malloti-repandi Bhalla, S.K. Singh & A.K. Srivast.] (Bhalla et al. 1997 ; Braun 2000b ), P. melanolepidis Goh & W.H. Hsieh (Goh & Hsieh 1987 ), and P. pampangensis (Petr.) U. Braun [≡ Cercospora pampangensis Petr.] (Petrak 1956 ; Braun 1996 ). In comparison to Marcstadlera malloti , P. bakeriana exhibits several distinctive features in its development of conidiophores. Notably, P. bakeriana forms fascicles of conidiophores that arise from both external and internal hyphae. These conidiophores can range from simple to highly branched ones. They are septate, and can reach lengths of up to 130 µm with widths varying between 3 to 6 µm. This morphological variability in conidiophore structure is a significant distinguishing characteristic between the two species. Marcstadlera malloti appears to be most closely related to P. malloti and P. malloti-repandi. Both species develop superficial hyphae that give rise to micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous conidiophores, either terminally or as lateral branches. The solitary to catenate nature of conidia in P. malloti closely resembles those of M. malloti , making them morphologically indistinguishable. As a result, P. malloti , used as type species for Marcstadlera . In contrast, P. malloti-repandi can be differentiated by its branched, septate, and longer, wider conidiophores (2.5–65 × 2.5–6 µm). In addition to the formation of stromata and fascicles of primary conidiophores (20–65 × 3–4 µm), P. melanolepidis develops secondary external hyphae that bear secondary conidiophores (up to 10 µm long) both terminally and laterally. Notably, both the types of conidiophores are septate. Pseudocercospora pampangensis develops stromata that bear large clusters (fascicles) of subsynnematous conidiophores. These conidiophores are occasionally branched, pluriseptate, and relatively larger in size (15–250 × 3–6 µm). Neoclypeosphaerella S. Rajwar & Raghv. Singh, gen. nov. Figures 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 and 12 . MycoBank: MB854797. Etymology: composed of Neo- (new) and the genus name Clypeosphaerella . Diagnosis: differs from the genus Marcstadlera by developing fascicles of conidiophores emerging from stromata and conidia that are rarely catenate. Description: Plant pathogenic. Ascomata epiphyllous, black, subepidermal to erumpent, subglobose, wall of 3–4 layers of medium to dark brown textura angularis , apical ostiole central. Asci aparaphysate, fasciculate, bitunicate, subsessile, broad ellipsoid to obclavate, straight to slightly curved, 8-spored. Ascospores bi- to multiseriate, overlapping, hyaline, guttulate, thin-walled, straight to slightly curved, ellipsoidal to obovoid with obtuse ends, widest in the middle of the apical cell, 1-septate, not constricted at the septum, tapering toward both ends, with a thin mucilaginous sheath. Conidiophores macronematous, mostly arising in fascicles from stromata, occasionally as lateral branches of superficial secondary hyphae or conidial cells, erect to slightly curved, divergent, subcylindrical to geniculate-sinuous at the tip, basal cell slightly swollen, mostly unbranched, rarely branched, smooth, sometimes slightly roughened, light brown to brown, septate, thick-walled. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal as well as intercalary, polyblastic, cylindrical, conidiogenous loci slightly protuberant, surrounded by a circular rim-like structure, forming a truncated apex with a centrally positioned small apical depression (ultrastructure), loci thickened and darkened. Conidia mostly solitary, occasionally in short chains or branched chains, dry, forming ramoconidia, intercalary, and terminal conidia, smooth to slightly roughened, light olivaceous brown to brown, thick-walled, septate, tapering towards obtuse apex, base obconically truncated, surrounded by a circular rim-like structure (ultrastructure), hilum thickened and darkened; ramoconidia cylindrical to subcylindrical, rarely sickle-shaped; intercalary conidia cylindrical to subcylindrical, sometimes curved, occurring in chains; solitary or terminal conidia ovoid to obovoid, doliiform to elliptical, L-shaped to sickle-shaped, rarely V-shaped, mostly cylindrical or obclavate-cylindrical. Fully developed long conidia always acicular. Occasionally conidial cells elongate, septate and functioning as either conidiogenous cells or conidiophores. Type species: Neoclypeosphaerella calotropidis (Ellis and Everh.) Raghv. Singh, S. Rajwar, Sanjay, P.N. Singh & U. Braun (≡ Cercospora calotropidis Ellis & Everh.). Neoclypeosphaerella calotropidis (Ellis & Everh.) Raghv. Singh, S. Rajwar, Sanjay, P.N. Singh & U. Braun, comb. nov. Figures 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 and 12 . MycoBank: MB854798 Basionym: Cercospora calotropidis Ellis and Everh., Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot Gard 120 (1898). Synonyms: Phaeoramularia calotropidis (Ellis and Everh.) Kamal, A.S. Moses & R. Chaudhary, Mycol Res 94: 716 (1990). Passalora calotropidis (Ellis and Everh.) U. Braun, Schlechtendalia 5: 60 (2000). Pseudocercospora calotropidis (Ellis and Everh.) Haldar & J.B. Ray, J Mycopathol Res 39(1): 43 (2001). Clypeosphaerella calotropidis (Ellis and Everh.) Videira & Crous, Stud Mycol 87: 314 (2017). For additional synonyms see Crous & Braun ( 2003 ) and MycoBank ( https://www.mycobank.org/ ). Description: Leaf spots amphiphyllous, initially circular to subcircular, 6–7 mm diam., later irregular and spread over the entire leaf surface, brown to dark blackish brown. Colonies amphigenous, effuse, brown to dark brown, velvety. Mycelium mostly internal, sometimes superficial secondary hyphae developing from stromata, branched, septate, smooth, thin-walled, hyaline to very light olivaceous, (2−)2.5–3.5(− 4) µm. Stromata present, globose to sub-globose, mostly sub-stomatal, later erumpent, pseudoparenchymatous, light olivaceous brown to mid brown, 20 − 25 × 15 − 25 µm. Conidiophores macronematous, mostly arising in fascicles from stromata, occasionally as lateral branches of superficial secondary hyphae or conidial cells, erect to slightly curved, divergent, subcylindrical to geniculate-sinuous at the tip, basal cell slightly swollen, mostly unbranched, rarely branched, smooth, sometimes slightly roughened, light brown to brown, 0 − 8-septate, thick-walled, (17−)25 − 85(− 100) × (3−)3.5 − 5.5(− 6.5) µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal as well as intercalary, polyblastic, cylindrical, conidiogenous loci slightly protuberant, surrounded by circular rim-like structure, forming a truncated apex with a centrally positioned small apical depression (ultrastructure), loci thickened and darkened, 1.5 − 2 µm wide. Conidia mostly solitary, occasionally in short chains or branched chains, dry, forming ramoconidia with intercalary and terminal conidia, smooth to slightly roughened, light olivaceous brown to brown, thick-walled, 0 − 12-septate, tapering towards obtuse apex, base obconically truncated, surrounded by circular rim-like structure (ultrastructure), hilum thickened and darkened, 1.5 − 2 µm diam.; ramoconidia cylindrical to subcylindrical, rarely sickle-shaped, (40−)45–75(− 115) × (3−)5–6(− 6.5) µm, with 2 apical hila; intercalary conidia cylindrical to subcylindrical, sometimes curved, (32−)40 − 108(− 136) × (3−)4 − 5(− 5.5) µm, occurring in chains of up to 4 conidia; solitary or terminal conidia ovoid to obovoid, doliiform to elliptical, L-shaped to sickle-shaped, rarely V-shaped, mostly cylindrical or obclavate-cylindrical, fully developed long conidia always acicular, (14−)25–215(− 250) × (2.5−)3–6(− 7.5) µm, germinating conidia present. Occasionally conidial cells elongate, septate and functioning as either conidiogenous cells or conidiophores. Culture characteristics: Colonies slow-growing, reaching a diameter of approximately 6 mm on MEA and 7 mm on PDA after 14 days at 25 ± 5 ˚C. The colonies were circular in outline with a velvety aerial mycelium. On MEA, the upper surface white and fluffy, while the reverse was black. On PDA, the upper surface ranged from dark grey to black, with a brown to black reverse. On MEA: Hyphae (1.5–)2.5–4(–5) µm wide, branched, septate, smooth to slightly roughen and subhyaline to very light olivaceous brown. Fructification occurred with the formation of chlamydospores accompanied by seta-like structures. Setae branched, septate, smooth to slightly roughened, light brown to dark brown and (2–)2.5–3.5(–4) µm diam. Chlamydospores developed in chains, occurring intercalarily and terminally. They were spherical to oval, subhyaline to mid brown, thick-walled, smooth to slightly roughened, (5–)6–17(–23) × (4–)5–7(–8) µm. Germinating chlamydospores were also observed. Sporulation takes place on agar media supplemented with undefined vegetables peelings. The colonies were whitish grey to smoky black. Stromata well developed, hard, irregular, and light olivaceous brown to blackish brown. Hyphae branched, septate, smooth-walled, subhyaline to light olivaceous, 2–3 µm wide. Conidiophores macronematous, mostly arising in fascicles from the stromata, occasionally solitary, sometimes reduced to a single-celled ampulliform conidiogenous cell, erect to slightly curved, divergent, subcylindrical, basal cell slightly swollen, mostly unbranched, rarely branched, smooth, sometimes slightly roughened, subhyaline to light olivaceous brown, 0 − 9-septate, thick-walled, (16–)25–70(–90) × (3–)4–5.5(–8.5) µm. Conidiogenous cells integrated, terminal as well as intercalary, mono- to polyblastic, cylindrical, conidiogenous loci slightly protuberant, loci thickened and darkened, (1.5−)2–2.5(–3) µm wide. Conidia solitary, simple, dry, subhyaline to light olivaceous brown, mostly cylindrical or obclavate-cylindrical, ovoid to obovoid, sometimes curved, smooth-walled, sometimes slightly roughened, thin to thick-walled, tapering towards an obtuse apex, sometimes apical cell swollen, 0 − 6-septate, constricted at the septa, (13–)18–50(–75) × (3–)4–5.5(–8) µm, base obconically truncated, hilum slightly thickened and darkened, 1.5 − 2.5 µm diam. Chlamydospores developed in chains, occurring intercalarily and terminally, spherical to oval, mostly horizontally but sometimes vertically and obliquely septate, subhyaline to mid brown, thick-walled, smooth to slightly roughened, (6–)8–10(–13) × (7–)9–13(–15) µm. Germinating chlamydospores were also observed. Specimens examined: INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, on Calotropis procera , A. S. Moses (Herb. GPU No. KRNC 64, IMI 337033); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, on Calotropis procera , Kamal (Herb. GPU No. KK 300, IMI 314694); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, on Calotropis procera , C. Gupta (Herb. GPU No. KC-126, IMI 314110); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, Caltropis procera , R. K. Verma (Herb. GPU No. KK 213, IMI 300481); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 25.2685°N 82.9905°E, on living leaves of Calotropis gigantea , 10 September 2024, Sanjay Yadav, MH-BHU 128 (AMH 10781), culture NFCCI 5983, gene sequence GenBank: PV112567 (ITS), PQ816342 (LSU), PV125517 ( RPB2 ); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Mirzapur, 25.1337°N 82.5644°E, on living leaves of Calotropis procera , 01 December 2024, Soumyadeep Rajwar, MH-BHU 129 (AMH 10782), culture NFCCI 5984, gene sequence GenBank: PV112568 (ITS), PQ816341 (LSU), PV125518 ( RPB2 ). Notes: The genus Clypeosphaerella was established by Guatimosim et al. ( 2016 ) with the type species Clypeosphaerella sticheri . This genus is morphologically similar to species of Mycosphaerella s. lat. but differs mainly in having a thicker upper wall of the ascomata, which resembles a pseudoclypeus. Moreover, Clypeosphaerella is phylogenetically distinct from other mycosphaerella-like fungi, and forms a well-supported clade as determined by Guatimosim et al. ( 2016 ). A total of 3 valid species of Clypeosphaerella have been reported across the world, namely, C. calotropidis (Ellis and Everh.) Videira & Crous (Videira et al. 2017 ), C. quasiparkii (Cheew. et al.) Guatim. et al. (Guatimosim et al. 2016 )d sticheri Guatim. et al. (Guatimosim et al. 2016 ). C. calotropidis is the only species in this genus represented by an asexual morph, while the other two species are known only for their sexual morph. Basionym of Clypeosphaerella calotropidis is Cercospora calotropidis Ellis and Everh. Braun (Braun 2000a ) transferred Cercospora calotropidis to the genus Passalora based on the morphological observations. He noted that this species was highly variable and exhibited characteristics that were intermediate between several genera, viz., Passalora (known for having fasciculate conidiophores and conidia formed singly), Phaeoramularia (characterized by conidia formed in chains), and Mycovellosiella (identified by secondary superficial hyphae with solitary conidiophores). This intermediate nature justified the transfer to Passalora , reflecting its closest alignment with the morphological traits of this genus. Furthermore, Braun ( 2000a ) cited C. calotropidis as an example to demonstrate that the genera Passalora , Phaeoramularia , and Mycovellosiella should be merged, a view supported by Crous et al. ( 2001 ). A similar diagnostic approach was followed by Wilkinson et al. ( 2005 ) for Passalora calotropidis (Braun 2000a ) as the phylogenetic analysis based on ITS placed this species in a single-strain lineage closely related to Pseudocercospora (Wilkinson et al. 2005 ). Based on a multigene analysis (LSU- RPB2 -ITS), Passalora calotropidis (CBS 129.30) clustered with Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii (CBS 123243) with high statistical support, which was found to be closely related to Pseudocercospora and separated as a sister lineage of Distocercospora pachyderma (CBS 138247) with high statistical support (Videira et al. 2017 ). Therefore, Passalora calotropidis was recombined as Clypeosphaerella calotropidis (CBS 129.30). However, this analysis did not incorporate the type species of Clypeosphaerella , C. sticheri . Rajeshkumar et al. ( 2021 ) introduced the new genus Pedrocrousiella based on LSU- RPB2 sequence data which formed a sister lineage to Distocercospora pachyderma (CBS 138247) with high statistical support. In this analysis, the inclusion of all three species of Clypeosphaerella , along with its type species, forming a monophyletic group, suggested a significant finding in their monophyletic evolutionary relationships. However, in the parsimony analysis, the relationship between Clypeosphaerella sticheri and other Clypeosphaerella species was unresolved. This unresolved relationship might be due to the missing RPB2 data for Clypeosphaerella sticheri (Rajeshkumar et al. 2021 ). The genus Pteridopassalora C. Nakash. and Crous was introduced in 2022 (Chen et al. 2022 ). This new genus was established based on LSU- RPB2 -ITS sequence data which clustered closely with the genus Clypeosphaerella and formed a sister lineage of Distocercospora pachyderma (CBS 138247). The analysis included two species of Clypeosphaerella , namely C. calotropidis and C. quasiparkii , but not the type species, C. sticheri . Based on both datasets (Figs. 1 , 2 ), the type species of Clypeosphaerella , C. sticheri , is segregated from the other two Clypeosphaerella species, C. calotropidis and C. quasiparkii , which cluster together with the newly generated sequences obtained from the cultures NFCCI 5983 and NFCCI 5984, isolated from Calotropis spp., with strong statistical support (BI-PP/ML-BS: 1/96). Consequently, a new genus, Neoclypeosphaerella , is introduced to accommodate C. calotropidis and C. quasiparkii . The significant nucleotide differences between Clypeosphaerella sticheri and Neoclypeosphaerella calotropidis (ITS: 28 differences with 11 gaps, LSU: 12 differences with 3 gaps) suggest that they do not belong to the same genus and should be maintained as separate, independent genera. Several Cercosporoid fungi have been described from Calotropis spp., namely, Cercospora baroipurensis Purkay. & Mallik (Purkay. & Mallik 1978), Clypeosphaerella calotropidis (Ellis & Everh.) Videira & Crous (Chupp 1954 ; Kamal et al. 1990; U. Braun 2000a ; Wilkinson et al. 2005 ; Haldar & Ray 2001 ; Videira et al. 2017 ), Mycosphaerella calotropidis T.S. Viswan. (Viswan. & Tilak 1960), Paracercosporidium microsorum (Sacc.) U. Braun et al. (Videira et al. 2017 ), and Pseudocercospora peronosporoidea (Pat. & Har.) Deighton (Deighton 1981 ). Cercospora baroipurensis and Pseudocercospora peronosporoidea can be easily distinguished from N. calotropidis based on conidial and conidiophore characteristics. In C. baroipurensis , the conidia are hyaline, while the conidiophores are coloured with thickened and darkened loci and hila. In contrast, P. peronosporoidea has both conidia and conidiophores that are coloured, without any thickened or darkened loci and hila. Clypeosphaerella calotropidis closely resembles our two collected samples (NFCCI 5983, NFCCI 5984) on Calotropis spp., exhibiting several similarities. Both samples exhibit indefinite leaf spots and large circular to irregular blotches that merging into black patches. The immersed, subhyaline mycelium produces amphigenous fruiting with stromata filling stomatal openings. Conidiophores, in fascicles, are pigmented, sparingly septate, occasionally branched, and mildly geniculate near the tip, with a blunt or conic apex bearing a conspicuous conidiogenous locus (scar). Conidia are almost straight to slightly curved, cylindrical to obclavate, pigmented, sparingly catenate, septate, with an obconic base and rounded apex. In our collected samples (NFCCI 5983, NFCCI 5984), some additional features were developed only at a very late stage of infection, including the formation of slightly longer mature acicular conidia (up to 250 µm), the occasional development of superficial secondary hyphae, and the catenation of conidia. These features were not observed during the development of early stages. Our phylogenetic analysis, providing strong statistical support (BI-PP/ML-BS: 1/99), corroborated these morphological findings and confirmed C. calotropidis as the type species of a new genus Neoclypeosphaerella . Paracercosporidium microsorum can be clearly distinguished from N. calotropidis by its unique morphological features. The former develops internal hyphae, and its conidia are solitary, cylindrical to obclavate in shape. The asexual stage of Mycosphaerella calotropidis is unknown, making it impossible to compare this name with N. calotropidis . Additionally, the absence of molecular sequence data prevents confirmation of whether it represents the perfect state of N. calotropidis . However, this detail is for the current case irrelevant in terms of nomenclatural implications because Cercospora calotropidis , the name of the basionym, is much older than M. calotropidis . Hence, it only remains open whether the later name being a synonym of N. Calotropidis or not. Based on both datasets Marcstadlera could not be placed within any of the currently described genera of the Mycosphaerellaceae (Figs. 1 and 2 ) and is positioned as a sister lineage to Neoclypeosphaerella. Marcstadlera is represented by its asexual morph and belongs to the cercosporoid group of fungi in Mycosphaerellaceae based on both datasets. Many asexual morphs linked to mycosphaerella-like sexual morphs exhibit cercosporoid morphology (Videira et al. 2017 ). Since sexual morphs are morphologically conserved, genera within Mycosphaerellaceae are primarily distinguished based on their asexual morphs (Crous et al. 2009 ). The type species of Neoclypeosphaerella , N. calotropidis , is represented by its asexual morph and is morphologically distinct from Marcstadlera . In vivo, Neoclypeosphaerella primarily develops internal mycelium and forms well-developed stromata bearing fascicles of conidiophores that are geniculate-sinuous at the tip, mostly simple, occasionally branched, and septate. The conidiogenous cells are both terminal and intercalary, with slightly protuberant, thickened, and darkened loci. In contrast, Marcstadlera exhibits significant morphological differences. In vivo, it develops predominantly external mycelium, lacks stromata entirely, and produces conidiophores that are micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, and aseptate. These conidiophores arise individually from intercalary or terminal cells of external hyphae and are reduced to conidiogenous cells. The conidiogenous loci (scars), formed on cylindrical or peg-like conidiogenous cells, are unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened. These differences justify the introduction of a new genus, Marcstadlera , for this monotypic lineage. The significant nucleotide differences between Marcstadlera and Neoclypeosphaerella (ITS: 16, LSU: 14, RPB2: 69) indicate that they cannot belong to the same genus and should be maintained as separate, independent genera. Although Marcstadlera morphologically resembles Mycovellosiella species, as both develop secondary superficial hyphae with solitary conidiophores, the two genera are phylogenetically distant (Figs. 1 and 2 ). The Mycovellosiella -like morphological traits are considered phylogenetically and taxonomically insignificant and appear unreliable (Videira et al. 2017 ). In a megablast search of LSU sequences for Marcstadlera in NCBI’s GenBank nucleotide database, Rosenscheldiella brachyglottidis (PDD 94939) appeared with 96% sequence similarity (508/527) with no gaps. The phylogenetic analysis based on LSU- RPB2 (Fig. 1 ) placed R. brachyglottidis as a sister lineage to Neoclypeosphaerella , though with very low statistical support. R. brachyglottidis is represented by its sexual morph, which can be easily differentiated from the closely related sexual morph N. quasiparkii (CBS 123243) by forming pseudothecia with fissitunicate asci, which develop externally to the host leaf on small pads of stromatic tissue growing superficially from hyphae that penetrate through the stomata (Sultan et al. 2011 ). Therefore, the significant morphological differences between R. brachyglottidis and N. quasiparkii suggest that R. brachyglottidis should be tentatively retained in the genus Rosenscheldiella rather than being reclassified under N. quasiparkii reflecting uncertainties in the taxonomy of these organisms. Based on both datasets, it has been confirmed that Clypeosphaerella , Marcstadlera , Neoclypeosphaerella , and Rosenscheldiella are distinct, forming separate clades (Figs. 1 and 2 ). Neoclypeosphaerella quasiparkii (Cheew. et al.) Raghv. Singh & Sham. Kumar, comb. nov. MycoBank: MB854799 Basionym: Mycosphaerella quasiparkii Cheew. et al., Persoonia 21: 85 (2008). Synonyms: Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii (Cheew. et al.) Guatim. et al. Persoonia 37: 121 (2016). Description and illustration: Cheew. et al. (2008). Notes: Based on dataset 1, N. calotropidis and N. quasiparkii are clustered together with very low statistical support (BI-PP/ML-BS: 0.90/-) (Fig. 1 ). When LSU, ITS, and RPB2 are used as barcodes, they provide valuable insights into evolutionary relationships at species level in Mycosphaerellaceae (Chen et al., 2022 ). In dataset 2, both species are clustered together with high statistical support (BI-PP/ML-BS: 1/96) (Fig. 2 ), indicating a close relationship. Therefore, N. quasiparkii is accommodated in Neoclypeosphaerella along with N. calotropidis , despite being represented by different morphs. Declarations Acknowledgements The authors are indebted to anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and the curators of AMH and NFCCI for accepting material and providing a accession numbers. We are also thankful to the Head, CAS in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, for instrumental facilities. Authors contribution All authors contributed to the conception and design of the study. Gargee Singh, Raghvendra Singh, Sanjay Yadav and Saumyadeep Rajwar collected samples, tried to cultivate strains. Paras Nath Singh independently studied the sporulation of Neoclypeosphaerella on artificial media. Saumyadeep Rajwar and Pooja isolated DNA and prepared samples for sequencing. Sahana Khatoon, Sanjay Yadav, Shambhu Kumar and Smriti Mall examined morphological features and surveyed literature. Gargee Singh, Raghvendra Singh and Kamalesh Kumar Singh prepared photo plates, performed phylogenetic analyses and drafted the discussion part of the manuscript. Shambhu Kumar, Paras Nath Singh and Uwe Braun wrote the first draft of the manuscript and updated the current concepts. All the authors contributed to previous drafts of the manuscript and read and approved the final draft of the manuscript. Funding Raghvendra Singh thanks Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science & Technology (DST), Govt. of India (Scheme No. CRG/2020/006053); Institution of Eminence (R/Dev./D/IoE/Incentive/2021-22/32387), BHU, Varanasi; Bridge Grant (No. SRICC/Bridge Grant/2024-25/3151), BHU, Varanasi, and Sanjay Yadav thanks Raja Jwala Prasad Post-Doctoral Fellowship (No. SRICC/RJP-PDF/2023-24/6158) under Institution of Eminence, BHU, Varanasi for providing financial support. Data availability The specimen studied in this work was deposited in the Ajrekar Mycological Herbarium (AMH), Agharkar Research Institute (ARI), Pune and National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Pune, Maharashtra, India. The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories and are included within the article. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found below: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/, ITS: PQ012587, PQ013688, PV112567, and PV112568; LSU: PQ012588, PQ013689, PQ816342, and PQ816341; RPB2 : PQ034553, PQ034554, PV125517, and PV125518. Ethics approval Not applicable . Consent to participate Not applicable . Consent for publication Not applicable . Conflict of interest The authors declare no competing interests . References Abdollahzadeh J, Groenewald JZ, Coetzee MPA, Wingfield MJ, Crous PW (2020) Evolution of lifestyles in Capnodiales. Stud Mycol 95(1):381–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simyco.2020.02.004 An YY, Zeng XY, Geng K, Hyde KD, Wang Y (2021) One new species and one new record of Zasmidium in China. Biodivers Data J 9:1–13. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e59001 Bakhshi M, Braun U (2022) Acericercospora hyrcanica gen. et sp. nov. 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The sequences in bold were generated in this study Taxa Isolates/ Voucher ID GenBank Accession Numbers Host Country References ITS LSU RPB2 Acervuloseptoria ziziphicola CBS 138009/ CPC 23707 KJ869164 KJ869221 MF951425 Ziziphus mucronata South Africa Crous et al. 2014; Videira et al. 2017 Apseudocercosporella trigonotidis CPC 10865 KX287276 KX286964 KX288413 Trigonotis peduncularis South Korea Videira et al. 2016 Cercospora apii CBS 116455/ CPC 11556 AY840519 MF951133 – Apium graveolens Germany Videira et al. 2017 Cercospora fagopyri CBS 132623/ CPC 14541 JX143594 MF951143 MF951463 Fagopyrum esculentum Republic of Korea Videira et al. 2017 Cercospora sojina CBS 132615/ CPC 11353 JX143659 KX286969 KX288419 Glycine soja Republic of Korea Videiraet al. 2017 Cercosporella pfaffiae Vic31849 JQ990331 – – Pfaffia glomerata Brazil Machado et al. 2012 Cercosporella virgaureae CPC 19492 KX287288 KX286981 KX288431 Conyza canadensis Brazil Videira et al. 2016 Cercosporidium chaetomium CBS 142177/ CPC 18624 MF951306 MF951151 MF951474 Euphorbia sp . Canada Videira et al. 2017 Cercosporidium miurae CPC 14643 KJ633264 KJ633268 MF951473 Metaplexis japonica Republic of Korea Videira et al. 2017 Cercosporidium miurae CBS 142235 MF951305 MF951150 MF951472 Metaplexis japonica Republic of Korea Videira et al. 2017 Clypeosphaerella calotropidis BRIP 39358 AY303969 – – Calotropis procera Australia Wilkinson et al. 2005 Clypeosphaerella calotropidis CBS 129.30 MF951308 MF951153 MF951477 Calotropis procera Egypt Videira et al. 2017 Clypeosphaerella quasiparkii CBS 123243/ CPC 15409 KF901771 KF902128 MF951478 Eucalyptus sp. Thailand Videira et al. 2017 Clypeosphaerella sticheri CPC 24705 KT037546 KT037588 – Sticherus bifidus Brazil Guatimosim et al. 2016 Clypeosphaerella sticheri CPC 24733 KT037536 KT037577 – Sticherus bifidus Brazil Guatimosim et al. 2016 Coremiopassalora eucalypti CBS 111318/ CPC 1457 GU269845 GU253860 MF951482 Eucalyptus saligna Brazil Videira et al. 2017 Coremiopassalora leptophlebae CBS 129524/ CPC 18480 MF951310 KF901939 MF951483 Eucalyptus leptophleba Brazil Videira et al. 2017 Distocercospora pachyderma CBS 138247/ CPC 24144 MF951311 MF951156 MF951486 Dioscorea sp. Japan Videira et al. 2017 Filiella pastinacae CBS 114116/ UPSC 2633 KF251328 KF251832 KX348056 Laserpitium latifolium Sweden Videira et al. 2017 Fusoidiella anethi CBS 296.32 MF951318 MF951164 MF951499 – Italy Videira et al. 2017 Fusoidiella anethi CBS 117584 MF951319 MF951165 MF951500 Foeniculum vulgare New Zealand Videira et al. 2017 Fusoidiella depressa CBS 141335/ CPC 14915 KF251309 KF251813 KX348055 Angelica gigas Republic of Korea Videira et al. 2017 Graminopassalora geissorhizae CBS 146788/ CPC 38623 MW175336 MW175376 MW173111 Geissorhiza splendidissima South Africa Crous et al. 2020a Graminopassalora graminis CBS 113303 GU214666 GU214666 MF951502 Alopecurus aequalis var. amurensis Republic of Korea Videira et al. 2017 Marcstadlera malloti NFCCI 5818 PQ012587 PQ012588 PQ034553 Mallotus philippinensis India In this study Marcstadlera malloti NFCCI 5819 PQ013688 PQ013689 PQ034554 Mallotus philippinensis India In this study Mycovellosiella cajani CBS 113998/ CPC 5335 KF251315 KF251819 MF951527 Cajanus cajan South Africa Videira et al. 2017 Mycovellosiella cajani CBS 113999/ CPC 5339 KF251316 KF251820 MF951528 Cajanus cajan South Africa Videira et al. 2017 Mycovellosiella cajani CBS 114275/ CPC 5334 KF251317 KF251821 MF951529 Cajanus cajan South Africa Videira et al. 2017 Neoacervuloseptoria fraxini CPC 36558/ CBS 145992 MT223773 MT223870 MT223673 Fraxinus sp . Russia Crous et al. 2020b Neocercospora ammicola CBS 136450/ CCTU 1186 KR232407 KR232405 KX288446 Ammi majus Iran Videira et al. 2017 Neocercosporella peristrophes AMH 9671 MZ311866 MZ311874 OL773683 Peristrophe bicalyculata India Yadav et al. 2023 Neocercosporella peristrophes AMH 10363 ON310831 ON310846 ON376994 Peristrophe bicalyculata India Yadav et al. 2023 Neoclypeosphaerella calotropidis NFCCI 5983 PV112567 PQ816342 PV125517 Calotropis gigantea India In this study Neoclypeosphaerella calotropidis NFCCI 5984 PV112568 PQ816341 PV125518 Calotropis procera India In this study Neopseudocercospora terminaliae CBS 136423/ CPC 22686 KF777175 KF777228 MF951630 Terminalia sp . Zambia Videira et al. 2017 Neopseudocercosporella brassicicola CBS 163.26 MF951337 MF951192 MF951548 – – Videira et al. 2017 Neopseudocercosporella brassicicola CBS 228.32 KF251304 KF251808 KX348058 Brassica oleracea Denmark Videira et al. 2017 Neopseudocercosporella capsellae CBS 112032/ HJS 601 KF251320 KF251824 KX348060 Brassica sp. – Videira et al. 2017 Neopseudocercosporella capsellae CBS 112033/ HJS 600 KF251306 KF251810 KX348061 Brassica sp. – Videira et al. 2017 Neoramulariopsis catenulata CBS 355.73 KX287281 KX286973 KX288424 Phaseolus vulgaris Rwanda Videira et al. 2016 Neoramulariopsis unguis-cati CBS 138101/ CPC 22948 KJ869140 KJ869197 KX288423 Dolichandra unguis-cati South Africa Crous et al. 2014; Videira et al. 2016 Pedrocrousiella pongamiae NFCCI 4881 MW327548 MW327593 MW363496 Pongamia pinnata India Rajeshkumar et al. 2021 Pseudocercospora abacopteridicola CPC 24709 KT037518 KT037559 – Adiantum sp . Brazil Guatimosim et al. 2016 Pseudocercospora abeliae MUCC1674 LC599330 – LC599587 Abelia chinensis Japan Chen et al. 2022 Pseudocercospora airliensis BRIP 58550 KM055429 KM055433 – Polyalthia nitidissima Australia Shivas et al. 2015 Pseudocercospora aleuritis MAFF 237174/ MUCC 1230 LC599331 – LC599588 Aleuritis montana Japan Chen et al. 2022 Pseudocercospora convoluta CBS 113377 DQ676519 MF951226 MF951617 Chromolaena odorata Costa Rica Videira et al. 2017 Pseudocercospora eucalyptorum CBS 114866 KF901720 JQ739817 MF951618 Eucalyptus nitens South Africa Videira et al. 2017 Pseudocercospora vitis CPC 11595 GU269829 GU214483 KX348076 Vitis vinifera South Korea Videira et al. 2017 Pteridopassalora lygodii BCRC FU20503 KR527201 – – Lygodium japonicum Taiwan Kirschner and Wang 2015; Chen et al. 2022 Pteridopassalora nephrolepidicola CBS 128211/ CPC 17049 HQ599590 HQ599591 KX462646 Nephrolepis falcata Australia Crous et al. 2010; Nakashima et al. 2016; Chen et al. 2022 Ramichloridium apiculatum CBS 156.59/ ATCC 13211/ IMI 100716/ JCM 6972/ MUCL 15753/ MUCL 7991/ QM 7716 EU041791 EU041848 MF951416 Forest soil USA Videira et al. 2017 Ramulariopsis cnidoscoli CPC 18242 KX287543 KX287246 KX288705 Gossypium barbadense Brazil Videira et al. 2016 Ramulariopsis gossypii CBS 141099/ CPC 25909 KX287540 KX287243 KX288702 Gossypium sp. Brazil Videira et al. 2016 Ramulariopsis gossypii RA17.5 KR265337 – – Cotton Brazil Mehta et al. 2016 Rosenscheldiella brachyglottidis PDD 94939 GQ355335 GQ355334 – Brachyglottis repanda New Zealand Sultan et al. 2011 Septoria dysentericae CBS 131892/ CPC 12328 GU269854 GU253866 KX348088 Inula britannica South Korea Crous et al. 2013a; Videira et al. 2016 Septoria urticae CBS 102375 KF251583 JN940675 MF951668 Urtica dioica Netherlands Videira et al. 2017 Sonderhenia eucalypticola CMW 20333 DQ267593 DQ267574 – Eucalyptus globulus Chile Hunter et al. 2006 Sonderhenia eucalypticola CMW 20334 DQ267594 DQ267575 – Eucalyptus globulus Chile Hunter et al. 2006 Sonderhenia eucalyptorum CBS 120220 DQ923536 DQ923536 MF951673 Eucalyptus coccifera Australia Summerbell et al. 2006; Videira et al. 2017 Sonderhenia eucalyptorum CPC 17677 MN162019 MN162214 – Eucalyptus sp. Australia Crous et al. 2019 Sonderhenia sp . CPC 17710 MN162025 MN162215 – Eucalyptus regans Australia Crous et al. 2019 Sphaerulina azaleae CBS 128605 MH865035 KF252104 – Rhododendron sp . South Korea Vu et al. 2019; Verkley et al. 2013 Sphaerulina rhododendricola CBS 136435/ CPC 21813 KF777187 KF779493 – Rhododendron sp . Thailand Crous et al. 2013b Uwebraunia australiensis CBS 120729/ CPC 13282 KF442513 KF442553 KX348105 Eucalyptus platyphylla Australia Videira et al. 2017 Uwemyces elaeidis CPUwZC-01 KX228299 KX228356 KX228371 Elaeis oleifera Colombia Videira et al. 2017 Zasmidium cellare CBS 146.36 EU041821 EU041878 MF951693 Wall in wine cellar – Videira et al. 2017 Zasmidium citrigriseum CBS 122455 KF901792 KF902151 MF951695 Citrus sp . USA Videira et al. 2017 Zasmidium citrigriseum GUCC 1507.3 MT683372 MT712179 MT700485 – – An et al. 2021 Zasmidium elaeocarpi CBS 142187 MF951398 MF951263 MF951699 Elaeocarpus kirtonii Australia Videira et al. 2017 Zasmidium elaeocarpi CPC 16640 MF951399 MF951264 MF951700 Elaeocarpus kirtonii Australia Videira et al. 2017 Zasmidium iteae CBS 113094 MF951405 MF951271 MF951711 Itea parviflora Taiwan Videira et al. 2017 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6501186","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":456413663,"identity":"7fac9e13-bcd9-4737-a558-fddcf127a494","order_by":0,"name":"Gargee Singh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University: Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gargee","middleName":"","lastName":"Singh","suffix":""},{"id":456413664,"identity":"77418123-4c2e-4bec-86e0-a77da91d6765","order_by":1,"name":"Soumyadeep Rajwar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Banaras Hindu University Faculty of Science","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Soumyadeep","middleName":"","lastName":"Rajwar","suffix":""},{"id":456413665,"identity":"aa78fed5-49f2-4259-8148-ab71182aed95","order_by":2,"name":"Sahana Khatoon","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Banaras Hindu University Faculty of Science","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sahana","middleName":"","lastName":"Khatoon","suffix":""},{"id":456413666,"identity":"01e44eb9-a4ff-4640-97c7-3366ca498e89","order_by":3,"name":"Sanjay Yadav","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Banaras Hindu University Faculty of Science","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sanjay","middleName":"","lastName":"Yadav","suffix":""},{"id":456413667,"identity":"3c764ba0-a062-435d-8748-9a660e2a4602","order_by":4,"name":"Pooja Kumari","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Jawaharlal Nehru University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pooja","middleName":"","lastName":"Kumari","suffix":""},{"id":456413668,"identity":"96a552f6-9706-4b38-bed4-f817b41de2f1","order_by":5,"name":"Raghvendra Singh","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA7klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCAzAEAh+AmI2dSC0SIDbjDJAWZiK0MMC0MPOASQI6+G4ff3i44NedOv4Zycce2/zaJs/HzMD44WMObi2S53IMDs/seyYhceZYunFu323DNmYGZsmZ23BrMTjDw3CYt+ewBMPxHjPp3J7bjEAtbMy8eLWwPwBrkT/MYyZt2XPbnggtDAaHeX4cljAA2cLw43YiQS2SZ3gMDvM2HJbceOZYmmRvw+3kNmbGZrx+4TvD/vgzz5/D/HI3ko9J/Phz23Z+e/PBDx/xaAEDxjYUBmMDAfUg8AeDMQpGwSgYBaMAAQDUHlaxlTs25AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8672-6149","institution":"Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U,P, India 221005","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Raghvendra","middleName":"","lastName":"Singh","suffix":""},{"id":456413669,"identity":"eeefb0b9-8ae2-480c-9a44-9e2271fc633b","order_by":6,"name":"Kamalesh Kumar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Banaras Hindu University Faculty of Science","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kamalesh","middleName":"","lastName":"Kumar","suffix":""},{"id":456413670,"identity":"f80dc2a6-151c-4baf-899b-22e05cb8de56","order_by":7,"name":"Smriti Mall","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University: Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Smriti","middleName":"","lastName":"Mall","suffix":""},{"id":456413671,"identity":"b54fb5fc-118c-4349-b717-75dca13a7162","order_by":8,"name":"Paras N. Singh","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Agharkar Research Institute","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Paras","middleName":"N.","lastName":"Singh","suffix":""},{"id":456413672,"identity":"134fd774-3d84-4412-a27e-70f41e83677c","order_by":9,"name":"Shambhu Kumar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Kerala Forest Research Institute","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shambhu","middleName":"","lastName":"Kumar","suffix":""},{"id":456413673,"identity":"3b8f3ff7-dd16-4b22-8b3e-4f9d755eaff8","order_by":10,"name":"Uwe Braun","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Uwe","middleName":"","lastName":"Braun","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-22 07:05:52","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6501186/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6501186/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":82895491,"identity":"cbfd1d37-2410-41fd-93f6-8c17ffe6da22","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:46:57","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2783020,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhylogenetic tree resulting from a RAxML analysis of the combined LSU-\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e sequence alignment (dataset 1). The Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.90; BI-PP) and maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (≥ 85%; ML-BS) are given at the nodes (BI-PP/ML-BS). The newly introduced lineage is represented in red bold and novel genera denoted in blue. The tree is rooted to \u003cem\u003eRamichloridium apiculatum\u003c/em\u003e CBS 156.59 and \u003cem\u003eUwebraunia australiensis\u003c/em\u003e CBS 120729\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/59b23398f51a89598fdd34f9.jpg"},{"id":82895127,"identity":"5fd85a17-b388-4ca7-abc6-fee28afc31da","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:38:57","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":3225279,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhylogenetic tree resulting from a RAxML analysis of the combined LSU-\u003cem\u003erpb2\u003c/em\u003e-ITS sequence alignment (dataset 2). The Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.90; BI-PP) and maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (≥85%; ML-BS) are given at the nodes (BI-PP/ML-BS). The newly introduced lineage is represented in red bold and novel genera denoted in blue. The tree is rooted to \u003cem\u003eRamichloridium apiculatum\u003c/em\u003e CBS 156.59 and \u003cem\u003eUwebraunia australiensis\u003c/em\u003e CBS 120729\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/5d01adbb235072b4b2289375.jpg"},{"id":82896258,"identity":"28c4808e-e35d-4a66-bac3-93b3dacfbc1d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:54:57","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":768266,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eSplit graphs showing the results of the pairwise homoplasy index (PHI) test of closely related species using both LogDet transformation and splits decomposition. PHI test results (Φw) ≤ 0.05 from the PHI test denotes the presence of significant recombination within the dataset. The newly identified taxa are shown in red and blue\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/226c35ae8e33d56c55cf2469.jpg"},{"id":82895493,"identity":"25a41b52-9e0e-4a90-8c78-c520b3825dae","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:46:57","extension":"jpg","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2275809,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera malloti \u003c/em\u003e(AMH 10726) on \u003cem\u003eMallotus philippensis \u003c/em\u003e(\u003cem\u003eEuphorbiaceae\u003c/em\u003e). \u003cstrong\u003ea \u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMallotus philippensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003ein natural habitat,\u003cstrong\u003e b S\u003c/strong\u003eymptoms on upper leaf surface, \u003cstrong\u003ec\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eS\u003c/strong\u003eymptom on lower leaf surface, \u003cstrong\u003ed\u003c/strong\u003eClose-up of leaf surface showing fungal fructifications, \u003cstrong\u003ee\u003c/strong\u003e Germinating conidium, \u003cstrong\u003ef \u003c/strong\u003eTop view of ex-epitype culture on PDA, \u003cstrong\u003eg \u003c/strong\u003eReverse view of ex- epitype culture on PDA, \u003cstrong\u003eh–j \u003c/strong\u003eMycelia from\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003eex- epitype culture showing formation of chlamydospores and conidia (showing arrows for conidia). Scale bars: \u003cstrong\u003eb, c,\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003ef, g\u003c/strong\u003e = 20 mm, \u003cstrong\u003eh–j\u003c/strong\u003e = 10 µm\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig4.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/3fd6a997ffd818676bc2ed7c.jpg"},{"id":82895497,"identity":"28939ff7-fe1b-436b-8a23-b530b6bcf06b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:46:57","extension":"jpg","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1540074,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMicrophotographs of \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera malloti \u003c/em\u003e(AMH 10726). \u003cstrong\u003ea–c\u003c/strong\u003e Superficial hyphae with developing conidiogenous cells (green arrows for conidiogenous loci), \u003cstrong\u003ed–f\u003c/strong\u003eConidia in chain (red arrows for catenation), \u003cstrong\u003eg \u003c/strong\u003eRamoconidia with branched catenation (pink arrow for branched catenation), \u003cstrong\u003eh, i \u003c/strong\u003eSuperficial hyphae with conidiogenous loci bearing conidia (yellow arrows for conidiogenous loci), \u003cstrong\u003ej–s\u003c/strong\u003e Conidia (blue arrows for the development of conidiogenous loci),\u003cstrong\u003e t \u003c/strong\u003eMonopolar germination in conidium.\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003eBars: 10 µm\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig5.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/1fc330839f0cb9bc15d74c27.jpg"},{"id":82895126,"identity":"2aaf4267-8d86-4802-8d09-00fa4850888c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:38:56","extension":"jpg","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":4111238,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eScanning electron microphotographs of \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera malloti \u003c/em\u003e(AMH 10726). \u003cstrong\u003ea\u003c/strong\u003eSuperficial hyphae with conidia and developing conidiogenous cells \u003cstrong\u003eb–g\u003c/strong\u003eTop and lateral views of conidiogenous loci (blue arrows for polyblastic nature of conidiogenous cells), \u003cstrong\u003eh–k\u003c/strong\u003e Top and lateral view of hila of conidia. Scale bars: \u003cstrong\u003ea\u003c/strong\u003e = 10 µm, \u003cstrong\u003eb–k\u003c/strong\u003e = 1 µm\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig6.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/163e58cdc153a298a2a9e110.jpg"},{"id":82895135,"identity":"76c226dd-8c9d-4a37-9bf3-3f8780f7c0d6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:38:57","extension":"jpg","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":8284824,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis \u003c/em\u003e(AMH 10781) on \u003cem\u003eCalotropis gigantea \u003c/em\u003e(\u003cem\u003eApocynaceae\u003c/em\u003e). \u003cstrong\u003ea, b \u003c/strong\u003e\u003cem\u003eCalotropis gigantea\u003c/em\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003ein natural habitat,\u003cstrong\u003e c–e S\u003c/strong\u003eymptoms on upper surfaces of leaves, \u003cstrong\u003ef–h\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eS\u003c/strong\u003eymptom on lower surfaces of leaves, \u003cstrong\u003ei\u003c/strong\u003e Stereoscopic view of infection spots, \u003cstrong\u003ej\u003c/strong\u003eClose-up of leaf symptoms showing fungal fructifications, \u003cstrong\u003ek–n\u003c/strong\u003eGerminating conidia, \u003cstrong\u003eo \u003c/strong\u003eTop view of ex-epitype culture on MEA, \u003cstrong\u003ep \u003c/strong\u003eReverse view of ex-epitype culture on MEA, \u003cstrong\u003eq \u003c/strong\u003eTop view of ex-epitype culture on PDA, \u003cstrong\u003er \u003c/strong\u003eReverse view of ex-epitype culture on PDA, Scale bars: \u003cstrong\u003ec–h\u003c/strong\u003e= 20 mm, \u003cstrong\u003eo–r\u003c/strong\u003e = 10 mm\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig7.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/c2b2457b150d33ab0ec22286.jpg"},{"id":82895120,"identity":"0cee0327-6d15-4dfd-87a5-b84fc4aedbcd","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:38:56","extension":"jpg","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":4891895,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMicrophotographs of the ex-type culture of \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis \u003c/em\u003e(NFCCI 5983) on MEA. \u003cstrong\u003ea \u003c/strong\u003eHyphae \u003cstrong\u003eb, c\u003c/strong\u003e Fructification showing formation of chlamydospores with setae-like structures (yellow arrows for setae-like structures), \u003cstrong\u003ed–f\u003c/strong\u003e Developing chains of intercalary and terminal chlamydospores \u003cstrong\u003eg, h\u003c/strong\u003e Chlamydospores, \u003cstrong\u003ei–k\u003c/strong\u003e Germinating chlamydospores. Scale bars: \u003cstrong\u003ea–f\u003c/strong\u003e = 20 µm, \u003cstrong\u003eg, h\u003c/strong\u003e = 5 µm, \u003cstrong\u003ei–k \u003c/strong\u003e= 10 µm\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig8.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/13260cc62eadab0e6854f133.jpg"},{"id":82895129,"identity":"827630ff-5b3b-4ce0-aceb-3c2f5b112678","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:38:57","extension":"jpg","order_by":9,"title":"Figure 9","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":3926370,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMicrophotographs of the ex-type culture of \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis \u003c/em\u003e(NFCCI 5983) on agar media supplemented with undefined vegetable peelings. \u003cstrong\u003ea \u003c/strong\u003eTop view of ex-epitype culture, \u003cstrong\u003eb, c\u003c/strong\u003e Stromata with fascicles of conidiophores (red arrows for developing conidia), \u003cstrong\u003ed–f \u003c/strong\u003eHighly branched conidiophores, \u003cstrong\u003eg–i C\u003c/strong\u003eonidiogenous cells with loci (yellow arrows), \u003cstrong\u003ej, k \u003c/strong\u003eAmpulliform conidiogenous cells (pink arrows),\u003cstrong\u003el–u \u003c/strong\u003eConidia, \u003cstrong\u003ev–z\u003c/strong\u003e Chlamydospores in chain. Scale bars: \u003cstrong\u003eb–t\u003c/strong\u003e = 20 µm, \u003cstrong\u003eu–z \u003c/strong\u003e= 10 µm\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig9.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/d9a70726ac1b3273bb8d5873.jpg"},{"id":82895134,"identity":"967263ee-c249-46cf-80e3-2bd6178469e6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:38:57","extension":"jpg","order_by":10,"title":"Figure 10","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":5830130,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMicrophotographs of \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis \u003c/em\u003e(AMH 10781). \u003cstrong\u003ea\u003c/strong\u003e Stromata with fascicles of conidiophores, \u003cstrong\u003eb\u003c/strong\u003e Stromata with fascicles of conidiophores and superficial hyphae, \u003cstrong\u003ec–e\u003c/strong\u003e Fascicles of conidiophores emerges through stomata, \u003cstrong\u003ef, g\u003c/strong\u003e Erumpent stromata bearing conidiophores with swollen basal cell, \u003cstrong\u003eh, i\u003c/strong\u003e Highly branched conidiophores, \u003cstrong\u003ej–l \u003c/strong\u003eSuperficial hyphae with conidiophores, \u003cstrong\u003em–p\u003c/strong\u003e Conidiophores with developing conidia, \u003cstrong\u003eq–t \u003c/strong\u003ePolyblastic nature of conidiogenous cells (blue arrows).\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003eScale bars: \u003cstrong\u003ea–l\u003c/strong\u003e = 20 µm, \u003cstrong\u003em–t\u003c/strong\u003e = 10 µm\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig10.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/bb1a203be649ccc223e3c6c4.jpg"},{"id":82895146,"identity":"62382e7c-3b6f-44a0-9be4-29a6ad4134dc","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:38:58","extension":"jpg","order_by":11,"title":"Figure 11","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":5158428,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMicrophotographs of \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis \u003c/em\u003e(AMH 10781). \u003cstrong\u003ea1–a23 \u003c/strong\u003eConidia, \u003cstrong\u003eb1–b3 \u003c/strong\u003eRamoconidia with apical hila and developing conidium (yellow arrows), \u003cstrong\u003ec1–c3 \u003c/strong\u003eIntercalary conidia, \u003cstrong\u003ed1–d3\u003c/strong\u003e Conidia in catenation (orange arrows for point of catenation), \u003cstrong\u003ee1–e4 \u003c/strong\u003eConidiogenous nature of conidial cells (green arrows), \u003cstrong\u003ef1–f6\u003c/strong\u003e Conidia with developing conidium (blue arrows), \u003cstrong\u003eg1, g2 \u003c/strong\u003eDevelopment of conidiophores from conidial cells (pink arrows). Bars: 10 µm\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig11.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/7be844fac9a67836ea0a8560.jpg"},{"id":82895141,"identity":"cbffa6ac-5415-4aa0-9503-645aebf78b57","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-16 12:38:57","extension":"jpg","order_by":12,"title":"Figure 12","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2161815,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eScanning electron microphotographs of \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis \u003c/em\u003e(AMH 10781). \u003cstrong\u003ea\u003c/strong\u003e Fascicle of conidiophores with conidia, \u003cstrong\u003eb–g\u003c/strong\u003e Top and lateral view of loci of conidiogenous cells, \u003cstrong\u003eh–k\u003c/strong\u003eTop and lateral view of hila of conidia. Scale bars: \u003cstrong\u003ea\u003c/strong\u003e = 10 µm, \u003cstrong\u003eb–k\u003c/strong\u003e= 1 µm\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Fig12.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/95eb9bedd7feab03afc9703d.jpg"},{"id":86837909,"identity":"261a2292-5642-4d26-8bd0-23c14c179bbf","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-16 07:34:05","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":46726696,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6501186/v1/86431d2e-604d-41f6-8ef0-b4cbc255c983.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Addition of two new genera—Marcstadlera gen. nov. and Neoclypeosphaerella gen. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae)—based on polyphasic evidences","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e Lindau is a diverse family of fungi in the order \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellales\u003c/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eAscomycota\u003c/em\u003e), comprising over 3,000 species. Through morphological and molecular studies, more than 120 genera have been accepted in \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e (Wijayawardene et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR89\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e; Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e; Crous et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020b\u003c/span\u003e; Bakhshi et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e; Bakhshi \u0026amp; Braun \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e; Yadav et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR92\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR91\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e; Bakhshi \u0026amp; Crous \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e; Melo et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2025\u003c/span\u003e). Members of \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e exhibit a complex life cycle, encompassing both sexual (teleomorphic) and asexual (anamorphic) stages. They thrive in diverse habitats and adopt various lifestyles, including pathogenic, endophytic, saprophytic, and epiphytic modes of existence in various hosts worldwide (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). They have garnered significant research attention due to their association with a wide range of economically and ornamentally important host plants (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e; Abdollahzadeh et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e; Bakhshi et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e; Bakhshi \u0026amp; Braun \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). Advances in molecular phylogenetics have significantly reshaped their taxonomy, uncovering cryptic species and refining classification (Crous et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013a\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003eb\u003c/span\u003e; Verkley et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR79\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e; Quaedvlieg et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR54\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e; Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e; Bakhshi et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e; Bakhshi \u0026amp; Braun \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). Beyond their pathogenic roles, \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e species play a crucial part in ecological dynamics, influencing plant health and ecosystem stability.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e Guatim. et al. (2016) and \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella\u003c/em\u003e Rangel (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR56\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1917\u003c/span\u003e) are the two notable genera within the \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e, and the members of these genera are typically causing leaf spot diseases. The genus \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e exhibits both sexual and asexual morphs. The sexual morph is distinguished by its thicker upper ascomatal wall, resembling a pseudoclypeus. In contrast, the asexual morph develops fasciculate conidiophores from stromata, as well as solitary conidiophores arising from secondary superficial hyphae, with conidia forming singly or in chains (Chupp \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1954\u003c/span\u003e; Kamal et al. 1990; Braun \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000a\u003c/span\u003e; Wilkinson et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR90\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e; Haldar \u0026amp; Ray, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e; Guatim. et al. 2016; Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Similarly, the genus \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella\u003c/em\u003e is characterized by the absence or poor development of stromata. It produces secondary superficial hyphae that give rise to solitary or fasciculate conidiophores as lateral branches, with conidia forming either singly or in chains (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDuring a 2023\u0026ndash;2024 survey of foliicolous fungi in Uttar Pradesh, India, two anamorphic hyphomycetous fungal specimens were collected from diseased leaves.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe first specimen was found on \u003cem\u003eCalotropis\u003c/em\u003e spp., where it developed fascicles of conidiophores from stromata, accompanied by secondary superficial hyphae bearing solitary conidiophores. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that the isolate forms an independent lineage within \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e, clustering with \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e but remaining distinct from \u003cem\u003eC. sticheri\u003c/em\u003e, the type species of \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e. To accommodate this unique lineage, the novel genus \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e is proposed, emphasizing its uniqueness within \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSimilarly, another specimen, \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella malloti\u003c/em\u003e\u0026mdash;the basionym of \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora malloti\u003c/em\u003e\u0026mdash;was isolated from \u003cem\u003eMallotus philippensis\u003c/em\u003e, where it developed secondary superficial hyphae with micronematous to semi-macronematous solitary conidiophores. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that this isolate segregates from \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella\u003c/em\u003e, forming an independent lineage within \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e. As a result, the novel genus \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e is proposed to accommodate this fungus, underscoring its distinct evolutionary trajectory within the family. \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella\u003c/em\u003e was previously distinguished from \u003cem\u003ePassalora\u003c/em\u003e Fr. and \u003cem\u003ePhaeoramularia\u003c/em\u003e Munt.-Cvetk. based on the formation of superficial mycelium with solitary conidiophores formed in vivo. However, these traits are phylogenetically and taxonomically insignificant and appear unreliable (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, species exhibiting mycovellosiella-like morphology should be tentatively maintained in or assigned to \u003cem\u003ePassalora s. lat.\u003c/em\u003e, unless their phylogenetic affinity is thoroughly investigated (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThese taxonomic revisions, driven by molecular phylogenetics and morphological analyses, refine the classification and relationships of these taxa and are discussed in detail in this manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFungal diversity in India is very high, with a large number of species being introduced annually. Previous studies on phytopathogenic fungi related to \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e in India primarily relied on morphological data (Singh et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR67\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR62\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2008\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR66\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR64\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR68\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR61\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014a\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR69\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003eb\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR71\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020a\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR70\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003eb\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR63\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e; Kamal \u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e; Kumar et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e; Kumar \u0026amp; Singh \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e; Singh \u0026amp; Kumar \u003cspan citationid=\"CR65\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e; Kushwaha et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e; Verma et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR82\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). However, recent studies (Singh et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR70\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020b\u003c/span\u003e; Verma et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR80\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021a\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR81\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003eb\u003c/span\u003e; Yadav et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR93\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR92\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR91\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e) indicate a shift towards incorporating cultures, SEM images and DNA sequence data to support their findings.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eSample collection and fungal isolation\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eSlides were mounted in 1:1 mixture of glycerine and lactophenol cotton-blue from the infected part of leaves. Observations were made with a Stereo Zoom Microscope (Magnus: MSZ-TR) with attached camera (CatCam300EF) and an Olympus compound microscope (BX53) equipped with differential inference contrast (DIC) illumination, and images were captured using Olympus DP28 camera with associated software. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted using a field emission scanning electron microscope (FEI Nova Nano SEM-450). For SEM micrographs, specimens were coated with gold-palladium using a POLARON Sputter coater and examined with a LEO-430 scanning electron microscope. Detailed observations of morphological characters were carried out at different magnifications through light microscopy (450 \u0026times; and 1000 \u0026times;) and scanning electron microscopy (up to ~\u0026thinsp;55 K \u0026times;). Size ranges of morphological features were determined from at least 25 measurements, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated for the measurements, with the extreme values given in parentheses. The examined reference specimens are deposited in the fungarium of Ajrekar Mycological Herbarium (AMH), MACS, Agharkar Research Institute (ARI), Pune, India, and duplicates are retained in the Mycological Herbarium of the Department of Botany of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, U.P., India (MH-BHU). For \u003cem\u003ein-vitro\u003c/em\u003e isolation, conidia were transferred to Petri dishes containing malt extract agar (MEA), potato dextrose agar (PDA), and agar media supplemented with undefined vegetables peelings. The dishes were incubated at 25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5 ˚C and diffuse daylight. The ex-type living cultures are deposited at the National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), MACS, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eDNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe genomic DNA was extracted from mycelia and conidia freshly scrapped from PDA plates using a sterile scalpel blade. Approximately 200 mg of wet-weight was transferred to 2-mL microcentrifuge tubes kept in liquid nitrogen for 2 min and then grinded to a fine powder using pestle and mortar. DNA was extracted using modified CTAB method using the protocol of Van Burik et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR78\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e). The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified by using ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR88\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1990\u003c/span\u003e), large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU) gene with LROR/LR7 (Vilgalys \u0026amp; Hester \u003cspan citationid=\"CR85\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1990\u003c/span\u003e; Rehner \u0026amp; Samuels \u003cspan citationid=\"CR57\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e), and partial DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit (\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e) with RPB2-5F2/RPB2-7cR (Liu et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1999\u003c/span\u003e; Sung et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR76\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e) primer pairs. Amplification reaction mixtures and conditions described by Yadav et al. (Yadav et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR92\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR91\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e) were followed for standard amplification and subsequent sequencing of the ITS, LSU and \u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e by Eurofins Genomics (Bengaluru, India).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe obtained ITS, LSU and \u003cem\u003eRBP2\u003c/em\u003e sequences from the isolates NFCCI 5818, NFCCI 5819, NFCCI 5983, and NFCCI 5984 were assembled and edited using Chromas v.2.6.6. The manually edited sequences were submitted to NCBI GenBank (Table\u0026nbsp;1) and were subjected to a megablast search of the NCBI GenBank nucleotide database to retrieve most closely matched sequences of related strains. Reference sequences were also selected from relevant published literature (Table\u0026nbsp;1). Sequence alignments were generated using MAFFT v.7 (Katoh et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). The alignments of individual loci were concatenated using Mesquite v. 3.61 (Maddison \u0026amp; Maddison \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e) and deposited as electronic supplementary materials in TreeBASE (\u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttp://www.treebase.org/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"http://www.treebase.org/\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e), under the accession number 32049 and URL \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttp://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/study/TB2:S32049?x-access-code=b06647353af0bee2d49542a8bb895832\u0026amp;format=html\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"http://purl.org/phylo/treebase/phylows/study/TB2:S32049?x-access-code=b06647353af0bee2d49542a8bb895832\u0026amp;format=html\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePhylogenetic trees were constructed using Bayesian inference (BI) performed with MrBayes v. 3.2.7 (Ronquist et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR58\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e) and maximum likelihood (ML) analysis performed with RAxML v.8.2.10 (Stamatakis \u003cspan citationid=\"CR72\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e) as explained in Yadav et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR92\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR91\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). The phylogenetic analyses were individually applied to two datasets as different combinations used as barcodes and can provide valuable information for understanding evolutionary relationships at the genus and species level in \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e; Chen et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). Dataset 1 consisted of LSU-\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e sequences, and dataset 2 consisted of LSU-\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e-ITS sequences from 32 genera currently known to the \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e. All trees were rooted with \u003cem\u003eRamichloridium apiculatum\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 156.59) and \u003cem\u003eUwebraunia australiensis\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 120729).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe trees presented here were obtained with the ML approach. Tree reconstruction, visualization and editing were done using FigTree v.1.4.4, and the layout of the trees was done in Adobe\u0026reg; Illustrator v. CC 2017. The multigene phylograms are shown in Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eGenealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition analysis\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGenealogical Concordance Phylogenetic Species Recognition (GCPSR) model (as described by Taylor et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR77\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000\u003c/span\u003e) was used to clarify species boundaries among closely related and potentially ambiguous taxa by using pairwise homoplasy index (Φw) test, a statistical test to evaluate genetic data. GCPSR is valued for its ability to synthesize information from multiple genes, evaluate gene flow, operate within an evolutionary timescale, and provide practical insights into species delimitation. It underscores the complexity of species boundaries and offers a robust framework for understanding evolutionary relationships among organisms (Koufopanou et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e; Geiser et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e; Taylor et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR77\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000\u003c/span\u003e; Starkey et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR73\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). A Pairwise homoplasy index (PHI) test (Philippe and Bryant, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR52\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e) was performed in SplitsTree4 (Huson \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1998\u003c/span\u003e; Huson \u0026amp; Bryant \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e) to determine the recombination level within phylogenetically closely related species using a three-locus concatenated dataset of closely related species. If the pairwise homoplasy index (PHI) value exceeds the threshold of 0.05 (Φw\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;0.05), it signifies the absence of significant recombination in the dataset. The relationships between these fifteen, closely related, species were visualized by constructing splits graphs (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e) from the three-locus concatenated datasets, using both the Log-Det transformation and splits decomposition options.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe sequences from specimens NFCCI 5818 and NFCCI 5819 were 100% identical across all regions. Likewise, the sequences from specimens NFCCI 5983 and NFCCI 5984 were also 100% identical in each region. The data for the trees conducted in the different analyses are shown in Table\u0026nbsp;1. Phylogenetic trees obtained from the combined gene analyses are supplied below (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eDataset 1 (LSU-\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003eRPB2\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003ephylogeny)\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis dataset consisted of a concatenated alignment of two loci: LSU and \u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e. The final alignment has a total of 1235 characters, with LSU contributing 692 characters and \u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e contributing 543 characters, inclusive of alignment gaps. The phylogenetic trees generated from Bayesian analyses (BI) and maximum parsimony (MP) has shown similar overall topology, indicating consistent results across these methods. A best scoring RAxML tree is presented in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, with the Likelihood value of \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;14653.366735. Estimated base frequencies were as follows: A\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.235837, C\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.305805, G\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.252457, T\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.205901; substitution rates AC\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.073482, AG\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;3.362976, AT\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.756117, CG\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.718572, CT\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;5.587844, GT\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.000000; gamma distribution shape parameter α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.547561. In this analysis, \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 129.30) and \u003cem\u003eC. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 123243) are now separated from the \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e (type species: \u003cem\u003eC. sticheri\u003c/em\u003e) clade and are placed in a separate sister branch of \u003cem\u003eRosenscheldiella brachyglottidis\u003c/em\u003e (PDD 94939) along with NFCCI 5983 and NFCCI 5984 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). \u003cem\u003eC. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eC. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eC. sticheri\u003c/em\u003e form a paraphyletic group. \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e is identified as a sister group to both \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eRosenscheldiella.\u003c/em\u003e However, the statistical support for this relationship is very low.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eDataset 2 (LSU-\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003eRPB2\u003c/b\u003e \u003cb\u003e-ITS phylogeny)\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis dataset consisted of a concatenated alignment of three loci: LSU, \u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e and ITS. The final alignment of this dataset contained a total of 1675 characters divided into three partitions containing 692 (LSU), 543 (\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e) and 440 (ITS) characters, including alignment gaps. The phylogenetic trees generated from Bayesian analyses (BI) and maximum parsimony (MP) has shown similar overall topology, indicating consistent results across these methods. A best scoring RAxML tree is presented in Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, with the Likelihood value of \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;19399.308522. Estimated base frequencies were as follows: A\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.201081, C\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.284874, G\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.278655, T\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.235390; substitution rates AC\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.857707, AG\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;4.458699, AT\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.107011, CG\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.007891, CT\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;6.730028, GT\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.000000; gamma distribution shape parameter α\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.484710. The results of the analysis of dataset 2 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e) almost fully support the dataset 1 analysis, except for the placement of \u003cem\u003eRosenscheldiella brachyglottidis\u003c/em\u003e (PDD 94939) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e is identified as a sister group to \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e with high statistical support (BI-PP/ML-BS: 0.99/89), suggesting a close evolutionary relationship between these two genera.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn both datasets, \u003cem\u003eC. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (BRIP 39358 and CBS 12930) and \u003cem\u003eC. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 123243) are separated from the type species of \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella, C. sticheri\u003c/em\u003e (CPC 24705 and CPC 24733) and form a paraphyletic group. Both \u003cem\u003eC. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eC. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e are grouped with NFCCI 5983 and NFCCI 5984 in a distinct sister branch of the newly introduced genus \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e), forming a statistically supported monophyletic group (BI-PP/ ML-BS: 0.99/89).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eDistocercospora\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePedrocrousiella\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePteridopassalora\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eRosenscheldiella\u003c/em\u003e form a statistically supported monophyletic group in both datasets (BI-PP/ ML-BS: 1/87 or 1/88).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eGenealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe PHI tests were carried out to calculate the recombination level within two novel genera, and their phylogenetically closely related taxa. The PHI tests showed that there is no significant recombination (Фw\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.0) between closely related taxa, viz., \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eDistocercospora\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera, Neoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePedrocrousiella\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePteridopassalora\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eRosenscheldiella\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eUwemyces\u003c/em\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTaxonomy\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/b\u003e Gargee Singh \u0026amp; Raghv. Singh, \u003cb\u003egen. nov.\u003c/b\u003e Figures\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMycoBank: MB854795.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEtymology: derived from the name of Professor Dr Marc Stadler (Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany), a globally renowned expert in industrial microbiology and mycology, as well as fungal biodiversity research and natural product chemistry.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis: differs from the genus \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e by developing conidiophores reduced to conidiogenous cells, arising singly from external hyphae as intercalary or terminal cells of superficial hyphae, micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, aseptate and mostly catenate conidia.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescription: Phytopathogenic, causing leaf spots. \u003cem\u003eStromata\u003c/em\u003e absent. \u003cem\u003eMycelium\u003c/em\u003e mostly external and superficial, septate, branched, smooth to slightly roughened, light brown or olivaceous brown. \u003cem\u003eConidiophores\u003c/em\u003e reduced to conidiogenous cells, developing individually from intercalary or terminal cells of external hyphae, micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, aseptate, light brown or olivaceous brown. \u003cem\u003eConidiogenous cells\u003c/em\u003e integrated, cylindrical, mono- to polyblastic, conidiogenous loci (scars) unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened, cylindrical or peg-like, truncate at apex (ultrastructure). \u003cem\u003eConidia\u003c/em\u003e dry, mostly catenate, forming ramoconidia, intercalary, and terminal conidia, obclavate-cylindrical, transversely septate, smooth to slightly roughened, light brown to pale olivaceous brown, straight to curved, thick-walled, tip subacute to rounded, base narrowly obconically truncate (ultrastructure), hilum unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened. Some of the conidial cells elongate and behave like conidiogenous cells.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eType species: \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera malloti\u003c/em\u003e (Kharwar, P.N. Singh \u0026amp; R.K. Chaudhary) Gargee Singh, Raghv. Singh, \u0026amp; Sahana (\u0026equiv;\u0026thinsp;\u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella malloti\u003c/em\u003e Kharwar, P.N. Singh \u0026amp; R.K. Chaudhary).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes: Based on a megablast search of NCBI\u0026rsquo;s GenBank nucleotide database, the closest hits using the \u003cb\u003eITS\u003c/b\u003e sequence had highest similarity to \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e [strain CBS 123243, GenBank MH863287; identities\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;416/434 (96%), 3 gaps (0%)], \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e [strain BRIP 39358, GenBank AY303969; identities\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;402/418 (96%), 2 gaps (0%)] and \u003cem\u003eRamulariopsis gossypii\u003c/em\u003e [strain RA17.5, GenBank KR265337; identities\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;417/441 (95%), 14 gaps (3%)]. Closest hits using the \u003cb\u003eLSU\u003c/b\u003e sequence are \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella sticheri\u003c/em\u003e [strain CPC 24733, GenBank KT037577; identities\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;516/527 (98%), 0 gap (0%)], \u003cem\u003ePteridopassalora nephrolepidicola\u003c/em\u003e [strain CBS 128211, GenBank HQ599591; identities\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;516/527 (98%), 0 gap (0%)] and \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e [strain CBS 123243, GenBank MH874811; identities\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;516/529 (98%), 2 gap (0%)]. Closest hits using the \u003cb\u003eRPB2\u003c/b\u003e sequence had highest similarity to \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e [strain CBS 129.30, GenBank MF951477; identities\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;517/586 (88%), 0 gaps (0%)], \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e [strain CBS 123243, GenBank MF951478; identities\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;515/586 (88%), 0 gaps (0%)] and \u003cem\u003ePteridopassalora nephrolepidicola\u003c/em\u003e [strain CBS 128211, GenBank KX462646; identities\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;492/576 (85%), 0 gaps (0%)].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eMarcstadlera malloti\u003c/b\u003e (Kharwar, P.N. Singh \u0026amp; R.K. Chaudhary) Gargee Singh, Raghv. Singh, \u0026amp; Sahana \u003cb\u003ecomb. nov.\u003c/b\u003e Figures\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig4\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig5\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Fig6\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMycoBank: MB854796.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasionym: \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella malloti\u003c/em\u003e Kharwar, P.N. Singh \u0026amp; R.K. Chaudhary, Mycol Res 100(6): 689 (1996).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSynonym: \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora malloti\u003c/em\u003e (Kharwar, P.N. Singh \u0026amp; R.K. Chaudhary) U. Braun, Schlechtendalia 19: 69 (2009).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescription: \u003cem\u003eLeaf spots\u003c/em\u003e amphiphyllous, angular, greyish brown to dark brown, vein-limited, 1\u0026ndash;2.5 mm wide, sometimes coalescing. \u003cem\u003eColonies\u003c/em\u003e effuse, hypogenous, greyish brown, velvety. \u003cem\u003eStromata\u003c/em\u003e absent. \u003cem\u003eMycelium\u003c/em\u003e mostly external and superficial, septate, branched, smooth to slightly roughened, light brown or olivaceous brown, 2\u0026ndash;4.5 \u0026micro;m wide. \u003cem\u003eConidiophores\u003c/em\u003e reduced to conidiogenous cells, developing individually from intercalary or terminal cells of external hyphae, micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, aseptate, light brown or olivaceous brown, (10\u0026ndash;)12\u0026ndash;15(\u0026ndash;20) \u0026times; (2\u0026ndash;)2.5\u0026ndash;3(\u0026ndash;3.5) \u0026micro;m. \u003cem\u003eConidiogenous cells\u003c/em\u003e integrated, cylindrical, mono to polyblastic, conidiogenous loci (scars) unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened, loci cylindrical or peg-like, truncate at apex (ultrastructure), 1.5\u0026ndash;3 \u0026times; 1\u0026ndash;1.5 \u0026micro;m. \u003cem\u003eConidia\u003c/em\u003e dry, mostly catenate, forming ramoconidia, intercalary and terminal conidia, obclavate-cylindrical, with 1\u0026ndash;8 transverse septa, wall smooth to slightly roughened, light brown to pale olivaceous brown, straight to curved, thick-walled, tip subacute to rounded, (10\u0026ndash;)45\u0026ndash;78(\u0026ndash;117) \u0026times; (2.5\u0026ndash;)3\u0026ndash;4(\u0026ndash;5.5) \u0026micro;m, base narrowly obconically truncate (ultrastructure), hilum unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened, 0.8\u0026ndash;1.5 \u0026micro;m wide. Some of the conidial cells become elongate and behaves like conidiogenous cells.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCulture characteristics: Colonies on PDA slow-growing and attained a diameter of about 30 mm after 21 days at 25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5 ˚C, raised, irregular, aerial mycelium velvety, upper surface dark grey to black centrally and white fluffy at periphery, reverse brown to black. Cultures fertile. \u003cem\u003eHyphae\u003c/em\u003e 1.5\u0026ndash;2.5 \u0026micro;m wide, branched, septate, smooth to slightly roughened, subhyaline to very light olivaceous brown. \u003cem\u003eConidiophores\u003c/em\u003e reduced to conidiogenous cells, developing individually from intercalary or terminal cells of hyphae, micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, aseptate, hyaline to very light olivaceous brown, (12\u0026ndash;)20\u0026ndash;22(\u0026ndash;25) \u0026times; (2\u0026ndash;)2.5\u0026ndash;3(\u0026ndash;3.5) \u0026micro;m, conidiogenous loci (scars) unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened, loci cylindrical or peg-like, 1.5\u0026ndash;3 \u0026times; 1\u0026ndash;1.5 \u0026micro;m. \u003cem\u003eConidia\u003c/em\u003e dry, noncatenate, obclavate-cylindrical, with 1\u0026ndash;8 transverse septa, smooth to slightly roughened, light brown to pale olivaceous brown, straight to curved, thick-walled, tip subacute to rounded, (25\u0026ndash;)70\u0026ndash;100(\u0026ndash;110) \u0026times; (3\u0026ndash;)4\u0026ndash;4.5(\u0026ndash;5) \u0026micro;m, base narrowly obconically truncate, hilum unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened, 1\u0026ndash;1.5 \u0026micro;m wide, germinating conidia found. \u003cem\u003eChlamydospores\u003c/em\u003e spherical to oval, light brown to mid brown, germinating, 2\u0026ndash;7 \u0026times; 2\u0026ndash;5 \u0026micro;m.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecimens examined: NEPAL, Chitwan, Narayangarh, on living leaves of \u003cem\u003eMallotus philippensis\u003c/em\u003e (Lam.) M\u0026uuml;ll. Arg. (\u003cem\u003eEuphorbiaceae\u003c/em\u003e), January 1995, Kamal (GPU 3008, HCIO 41505 isotype, IMI 366204 holotype); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, Kushmi Forest, 26.749748\u0026deg;N 83.468645\u0026deg;E, on living leaves of \u003cem\u003eMallotus philippensis\u003c/em\u003e, 8 February 2023, Gargee Singh, MH-BHU 114 (AMH 10726, epitype designated here, MycoBank MBT10024805), ex-type culture NFCCI 5818, gene sequence GenBank: PQ012587 (ITS), PQ012588 (LSU), PQ034553 (\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, Kushmi Forest, on living leaves of \u003cem\u003eM. philippensis\u003c/em\u003e, 25 March 2024, Raghvendra Singh, MH-BHU 115(AMH 10727), culture NFCCI 5819, gene sequence GenBank: PQ013688 (ITS), PQ013689 (LSU), PQ034554 (\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eNote\u003c/strong\u003e \u003cp\u003ePresently, there are five species of \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora\u003c/em\u003e that have been described on \u003cem\u003eMallotus\u003c/em\u003e, namely, \u003cem\u003eP. bakeriana\u003c/em\u003e Deighton [\u0026equiv;\u0026thinsp;\u003cem\u003eCercospora bakeriana\u003c/em\u003e Sacc. 1914] (Deighton 1976), \u003cem\u003eP. malloti\u003c/em\u003e (Kharwar, P.N. Singh \u0026amp; R.K. Chaudhary) U. Braun [\u0026equiv;\u0026thinsp;\u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella malloti\u003c/em\u003e Kharwar, P.N. Singh \u0026amp; R.K. Chaudhary] (Kharwar et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e; Braun \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e), \u003cem\u003eP. malloti-repandi\u003c/em\u003e (Bhalla, S.K. Singh \u0026amp; A.K. Srivast.) U. Braun [\u0026equiv;\u0026thinsp;\u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella malloti-repandi\u003c/em\u003e Bhalla, S.K. Singh \u0026amp; A.K. Srivast.] (Bhalla et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e; Braun \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000b\u003c/span\u003e), \u003cem\u003eP. melanolepidis\u003c/em\u003e Goh \u0026amp; W.H. Hsieh (Goh \u0026amp; Hsieh \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e), and \u003cem\u003eP. pampangensis\u003c/em\u003e (Petr.) U. Braun [\u0026equiv;\u0026thinsp;\u003cem\u003eCercospora pampangensis\u003c/em\u003e Petr.] (Petrak \u003cspan citationid=\"CR51\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1956\u003c/span\u003e; Braun \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn comparison to \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera malloti\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eP. bakeriana\u003c/em\u003e exhibits several distinctive features in its development of conidiophores. Notably, \u003cem\u003eP. bakeriana\u003c/em\u003e forms fascicles of conidiophores that arise from both external and internal hyphae. These conidiophores can range from simple to highly branched ones. They are septate, and can reach lengths of up to 130 \u0026micro;m with widths varying between 3 to 6 \u0026micro;m. This morphological variability in conidiophore structure is a significant distinguishing characteristic between the two species.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera malloti\u003c/em\u003e appears to be most closely related to \u003cem\u003eP. malloti\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eP. malloti-repandi.\u003c/em\u003e Both species develop superficial hyphae that give rise to micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous conidiophores, either terminally or as lateral branches. The solitary to catenate nature of conidia in \u003cem\u003eP. malloti\u003c/em\u003e closely resembles those of \u003cem\u003eM. malloti\u003c/em\u003e, making them morphologically indistinguishable. As a result, \u003cem\u003eP. malloti\u003c/em\u003e, used as type species for \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e. In contrast, \u003cem\u003eP. malloti-repandi\u003c/em\u003e can be differentiated by its branched, septate, and longer, wider conidiophores (2.5\u0026ndash;65 \u0026times; 2.5\u0026ndash;6 \u0026micro;m).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition to the formation of stromata and fascicles of primary conidiophores (20\u0026ndash;65 \u0026times; 3\u0026ndash;4 \u0026micro;m), \u003cem\u003eP. melanolepidis\u003c/em\u003e develops secondary external hyphae that bear secondary conidiophores (up to 10 \u0026micro;m long) both terminally and laterally. Notably, both the types of conidiophores are septate.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora pampangensis\u003c/em\u003e develops stromata that bear large clusters (fascicles) of subsynnematous conidiophores. These conidiophores are occasionally branched, pluriseptate, and relatively larger in size (15\u0026ndash;250 \u0026times; 3\u0026ndash;6 \u0026micro;m).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/b\u003e S. Rajwar \u0026amp; Raghv. Singh, \u003cb\u003egen. nov.\u003c/b\u003e Figures\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig8\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig9\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig11\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Fig12\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMycoBank: MB854797.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEtymology: composed of Neo- (new) and the genus name \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiagnosis: differs from the genus \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e by developing fascicles of conidiophores emerging from stromata and conidia that are rarely catenate.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescription: Plant pathogenic. \u003cem\u003eAscomata\u003c/em\u003e epiphyllous, black, subepidermal to erumpent, subglobose, wall of 3\u0026ndash;4 layers of medium to dark brown \u003cem\u003etextura angularis\u003c/em\u003e, apical ostiole central. \u003cem\u003eAsci\u003c/em\u003e aparaphysate, fasciculate, bitunicate, subsessile, broad ellipsoid to obclavate, straight to slightly curved, 8-spored. \u003cem\u003eAscospores\u003c/em\u003e bi- to multiseriate, overlapping, hyaline, guttulate, thin-walled, straight to slightly curved, ellipsoidal to obovoid with obtuse ends, widest in the middle of the apical cell, 1-septate, not constricted at the septum, tapering toward both ends, with a thin mucilaginous sheath. \u003cem\u003eConidiophores\u003c/em\u003e macronematous, mostly arising in fascicles from stromata, occasionally as lateral branches of superficial secondary hyphae or conidial cells, erect to slightly curved, divergent, subcylindrical to geniculate-sinuous at the tip, basal cell slightly swollen, mostly unbranched, rarely branched, smooth, sometimes slightly roughened, light brown to brown, septate, thick-walled. \u003cem\u003eConidiogenous cells\u003c/em\u003e integrated, terminal as well as intercalary, polyblastic, cylindrical, conidiogenous loci slightly protuberant, surrounded by a circular rim-like structure, forming a truncated apex with a centrally positioned small apical depression (ultrastructure), loci thickened and darkened. \u003cem\u003eConidia\u003c/em\u003e mostly solitary, occasionally in short chains or branched chains, dry, forming ramoconidia, intercalary, and terminal conidia, smooth to slightly roughened, light olivaceous brown to brown, thick-walled, septate, tapering towards obtuse apex, base obconically truncated, surrounded by a circular rim-like structure (ultrastructure), hilum thickened and darkened; ramoconidia cylindrical to subcylindrical, rarely sickle-shaped; intercalary conidia cylindrical to subcylindrical, sometimes curved, occurring in chains; solitary or terminal conidia ovoid to obovoid, doliiform to elliptical, L-shaped to sickle-shaped, rarely V-shaped, mostly cylindrical or obclavate-cylindrical. Fully developed long conidia always acicular. Occasionally conidial cells elongate, septate and functioning as either conidiogenous cells or conidiophores.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eType species: \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (Ellis and Everh.) Raghv. Singh, S. Rajwar, Sanjay, P.N. Singh \u0026amp; U. Braun (\u0026equiv;\u0026thinsp;\u003cem\u003eCercospora calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e Ellis \u0026amp; Everh.).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/b\u003e (Ellis \u0026amp; Everh.) Raghv. Singh, S. Rajwar, Sanjay, P.N. Singh \u0026amp; U. Braun, \u003cb\u003ecomb. nov.\u003c/b\u003e Figures\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig7\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig8\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig9\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig10\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig11\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Fig12\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMycoBank: MB854798\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasionym: \u003cem\u003eCercospora calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e Ellis and Everh., Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot Gard 120 (1898).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSynonyms: \u003cem\u003ePhaeoramularia calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (Ellis and Everh.) Kamal, A.S. Moses \u0026amp; R. Chaudhary, Mycol Res 94: 716 (1990).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003ePassalora calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (Ellis and Everh.) U. Braun, Schlechtendalia 5: 60 (2000).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (Ellis and Everh.) Haldar \u0026amp; J.B. Ray, J Mycopathol Res 39(1): 43 (2001).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (Ellis and Everh.) Videira \u0026amp; Crous, Stud Mycol 87: 314 (2017).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFor additional synonyms see Crous \u0026amp; Braun (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2003\u003c/span\u003e) and MycoBank (\u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://www.mycobank.org/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"https://www.mycobank.org/\" targettype=\"URL\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescription: \u003cem\u003eLeaf spots\u003c/em\u003e amphiphyllous, initially circular to subcircular, 6\u0026ndash;7 mm diam., later irregular and spread over the entire leaf surface, brown to dark blackish brown. \u003cem\u003eColonies\u003c/em\u003e amphigenous, effuse, brown to dark brown, velvety. \u003cem\u003eMycelium\u003c/em\u003e mostly internal, sometimes superficial secondary hyphae developing from stromata, branched, septate, smooth, thin-walled, hyaline to very light olivaceous, (2\u0026minus;)2.5\u0026ndash;3.5(\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;4) \u0026micro;m. \u003cem\u003eStromata\u003c/em\u003e present, globose to sub-globose, mostly sub-stomatal, later erumpent, pseudoparenchymatous, light olivaceous brown to mid brown, 20\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;25 \u0026times; 15\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;25 \u0026micro;m. \u003cem\u003eConidiophores\u003c/em\u003e macronematous, mostly arising in fascicles from stromata, occasionally as lateral branches of superficial secondary hyphae or conidial cells, erect to slightly curved, divergent, subcylindrical to geniculate-sinuous at the tip, basal cell slightly swollen, mostly unbranched, rarely branched, smooth, sometimes slightly roughened, light brown to brown, 0\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;8-septate, thick-walled, (17\u0026minus;)25\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;85(\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;100) \u0026times; (3\u0026minus;)3.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;5.5(\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;6.5) \u0026micro;m. \u003cem\u003eConidiogenous cells\u003c/em\u003e integrated, terminal as well as intercalary, polyblastic, cylindrical, conidiogenous loci slightly protuberant, surrounded by circular rim-like structure, forming a truncated apex with a centrally positioned small apical depression (ultrastructure), loci thickened and darkened, 1.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2 \u0026micro;m wide. \u003cem\u003eConidia\u003c/em\u003e mostly solitary, occasionally in short chains or branched chains, dry, forming ramoconidia with intercalary and terminal conidia, smooth to slightly roughened, light olivaceous brown to brown, thick-walled, 0\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;12-septate, tapering towards obtuse apex, base obconically truncated, surrounded by circular rim-like structure (ultrastructure), hilum thickened and darkened, 1.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2 \u0026micro;m diam.; ramoconidia cylindrical to subcylindrical, rarely sickle-shaped, (40\u0026minus;)45\u0026ndash;75(\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;115) \u0026times; (3\u0026minus;)5\u0026ndash;6(\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;6.5) \u0026micro;m, with 2 apical hila; intercalary conidia cylindrical to subcylindrical, sometimes curved, (32\u0026minus;)40\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;108(\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;136) \u0026times; (3\u0026minus;)4\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;5(\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;5.5) \u0026micro;m, occurring in chains of up to 4 conidia; solitary or terminal conidia ovoid to obovoid, doliiform to elliptical, L-shaped to sickle-shaped, rarely V-shaped, mostly cylindrical or obclavate-cylindrical, fully developed long conidia always acicular, (14\u0026minus;)25\u0026ndash;215(\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;250) \u0026times; (2.5\u0026minus;)3\u0026ndash;6(\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;7.5) \u0026micro;m, germinating conidia present. Occasionally conidial cells elongate, septate and functioning as either conidiogenous cells or conidiophores.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCulture characteristics: Colonies slow-growing, reaching a diameter of approximately 6 mm on MEA and 7 mm on PDA after 14 days at 25\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5 ˚C. The colonies were circular in outline with a velvety aerial mycelium. On MEA, the upper surface white and fluffy, while the reverse was black. On PDA, the upper surface ranged from dark grey to black, with a brown to black reverse. On MEA: \u003cem\u003eHyphae\u003c/em\u003e (1.5\u0026ndash;)2.5\u0026ndash;4(\u0026ndash;5) \u0026micro;m wide, branched, septate, smooth to slightly roughen and subhyaline to very light olivaceous brown. \u003cem\u003eFructification\u003c/em\u003e occurred with the formation of chlamydospores accompanied by seta-like structures. \u003cem\u003eSetae\u003c/em\u003e branched, septate, smooth to slightly roughened, light brown to dark brown and (2\u0026ndash;)2.5\u0026ndash;3.5(\u0026ndash;4) \u0026micro;m diam. \u003cem\u003eChlamydospores\u003c/em\u003e developed in chains, occurring intercalarily and terminally. They were spherical to oval, subhyaline to mid brown, thick-walled, smooth to slightly roughened, (5\u0026ndash;)6\u0026ndash;17(\u0026ndash;23) \u0026times; (4\u0026ndash;)5\u0026ndash;7(\u0026ndash;8) \u0026micro;m. Germinating chlamydospores were also observed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSporulation takes place on agar media supplemented with undefined vegetables peelings. The colonies were whitish grey to smoky black. \u003cem\u003eStromata\u003c/em\u003e well developed, hard, irregular, and light olivaceous brown to blackish brown. \u003cem\u003eHyphae\u003c/em\u003e branched, septate, smooth-walled, subhyaline to light olivaceous, 2\u0026ndash;3 \u0026micro;m wide. \u003cem\u003eConidiophores\u003c/em\u003e macronematous, mostly arising in fascicles from the stromata, occasionally solitary, sometimes reduced to a single-celled ampulliform conidiogenous cell, erect to slightly curved, divergent, subcylindrical, basal cell slightly swollen, mostly unbranched, rarely branched, smooth, sometimes slightly roughened, subhyaline to light olivaceous brown, 0\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;9-septate, thick-walled, (16\u0026ndash;)25\u0026ndash;70(\u0026ndash;90) \u0026times; (3\u0026ndash;)4\u0026ndash;5.5(\u0026ndash;8.5) \u0026micro;m. \u003cem\u003eConidiogenous cells\u003c/em\u003e integrated, terminal as well as intercalary, mono- to polyblastic, cylindrical, conidiogenous loci slightly protuberant, loci thickened and darkened, (1.5\u0026minus;)2\u0026ndash;2.5(\u0026ndash;3) \u0026micro;m wide. \u003cem\u003eConidia\u003c/em\u003e solitary, simple, dry, subhyaline to light olivaceous brown, mostly cylindrical or obclavate-cylindrical, ovoid to obovoid, sometimes curved, smooth-walled, sometimes slightly roughened, thin to thick-walled, tapering towards an obtuse apex, sometimes apical cell swollen, 0\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;6-septate, constricted at the septa, (13\u0026ndash;)18\u0026ndash;50(\u0026ndash;75) \u0026times; (3\u0026ndash;)4\u0026ndash;5.5(\u0026ndash;8) \u0026micro;m, base obconically truncated, hilum slightly thickened and darkened, 1.5\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;2.5 \u0026micro;m diam. \u003cem\u003eChlamydospores\u003c/em\u003e developed in chains, occurring intercalarily and terminally, spherical to oval, mostly horizontally but sometimes vertically and obliquely septate, subhyaline to mid brown, thick-walled, smooth to slightly roughened, (6\u0026ndash;)8\u0026ndash;10(\u0026ndash;13) \u0026times; (7\u0026ndash;)9\u0026ndash;13(\u0026ndash;15) \u0026micro;m. Germinating chlamydospores were also observed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecimens examined: INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, on \u003cem\u003eCalotropis procera\u003c/em\u003e, A. S. Moses (Herb. GPU No. KRNC 64, IMI 337033); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, on \u003cem\u003eCalotropis procera\u003c/em\u003e, Kamal (Herb. GPU No. KK 300, IMI 314694); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, on \u003cem\u003eCalotropis procera\u003c/em\u003e, C. Gupta (Herb. GPU No. KC-126, IMI 314110); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Gorakhpur, \u003cem\u003eCaltropis procera\u003c/em\u003e, R. K. Verma (Herb. GPU No. KK 213, IMI 300481); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi, 25.2685\u0026deg;N 82.9905\u0026deg;E, on living leaves of \u003cem\u003eCalotropis gigantea\u003c/em\u003e, 10 September 2024, Sanjay Yadav, MH-BHU 128 (AMH 10781), culture NFCCI 5983, gene sequence GenBank: PV112567 (ITS), PQ816342 (LSU), PV125517 (\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e); INDIA, Uttar Pradesh, Mirzapur, 25.1337\u0026deg;N 82.5644\u0026deg;E, on living leaves of \u003cem\u003eCalotropis procera\u003c/em\u003e, 01 December 2024, Soumyadeep Rajwar, MH-BHU 129 (AMH 10782), culture NFCCI 5984, gene sequence GenBank: PV112568 (ITS), PQ816341 (LSU), PV125518 (\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes: The genus \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e was established by Guatimosim et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e) with the type species \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella sticheri\u003c/em\u003e. This genus is morphologically similar to species of \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerella s. lat.\u003c/em\u003e but differs mainly in having a thicker upper wall of the ascomata, which resembles a pseudoclypeus. Moreover, \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e is phylogenetically distinct from other mycosphaerella-like fungi, and forms a well-supported clade as determined by Guatimosim et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA total of 3 valid species of \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e have been reported across the world, namely, \u003cem\u003eC. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (Ellis and Everh.) Videira \u0026amp; Crous (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e), C. \u003cem\u003equasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e (Cheew. et al.) Guatim. et al. (Guatimosim et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e)d \u003cem\u003esticheri\u003c/em\u003e Guatim. et al. (Guatimosim et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). \u003cem\u003eC. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e is the only species in this genus represented by an asexual morph, while the other two species are known only for their sexual morph.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasionym of \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e is \u003cem\u003eCercospora calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e Ellis and Everh. Braun (Braun \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000a\u003c/span\u003e) transferred \u003cem\u003eCercospora calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e to the genus \u003cem\u003ePassalora\u003c/em\u003e based on the morphological observations. He noted that this species was highly variable and exhibited characteristics that were intermediate between several genera, viz., \u003cem\u003ePassalora\u003c/em\u003e (known for having fasciculate conidiophores and conidia formed singly), \u003cem\u003ePhaeoramularia\u003c/em\u003e (characterized by conidia formed in chains), and \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella\u003c/em\u003e (identified by secondary superficial hyphae with solitary conidiophores). This intermediate nature justified the transfer to \u003cem\u003ePassalora\u003c/em\u003e, reflecting its closest alignment with the morphological traits of this genus. Furthermore, Braun (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000a\u003c/span\u003e) cited \u003cem\u003eC. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e as an example to demonstrate that the genera \u003cem\u003ePassalora\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePhaeoramularia\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella\u003c/em\u003e should be merged, a view supported by Crous et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e). A similar diagnostic approach was followed by Wilkinson et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR90\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e) for \u003cem\u003ePassalora calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (Braun \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000a\u003c/span\u003e) as the phylogenetic analysis based on ITS placed this species in a single-strain lineage closely related to \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora\u003c/em\u003e (Wilkinson et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR90\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on a multigene analysis (LSU-\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e-ITS), \u003cem\u003ePassalora calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 129.30) clustered with \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 123243) with high statistical support, which was found to be closely related to \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora\u003c/em\u003e and separated as a sister lineage of \u003cem\u003eDistocercospora pachyderma\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 138247) with high statistical support (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, \u003cem\u003ePassalora calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e was recombined as \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 129.30). However, this analysis did not incorporate the type species of \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eC. sticheri\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRajeshkumar et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR55\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e) introduced the new genus \u003cem\u003ePedrocrousiella\u003c/em\u003e based on LSU-\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e sequence data which formed a sister lineage to \u003cem\u003eDistocercospora pachyderma\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 138247) with high statistical support. In this analysis, the inclusion of all three species of \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, along with its type species, forming a monophyletic group, suggested a significant finding in their monophyletic evolutionary relationships. However, in the parsimony analysis, the relationship between \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella sticheri\u003c/em\u003e and other \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e species was unresolved. This unresolved relationship might be due to the missing \u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e data for \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella sticheri\u003c/em\u003e (Rajeshkumar et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR55\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe genus \u003cem\u003ePteridopassalora\u003c/em\u003e C. Nakash. and Crous was introduced in 2022 (Chen et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). This new genus was established based on LSU-\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e-ITS sequence data which clustered closely with the genus \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e and formed a sister lineage of \u003cem\u003eDistocercospora pachyderma\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 138247). The analysis included two species of \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, namely \u003cem\u003eC. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eC. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e, but not the type species, \u003cem\u003eC. sticheri\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on both datasets (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e), the type species of \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eC. sticheri\u003c/em\u003e, is segregated from the other two \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e species, \u003cem\u003eC. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eC. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e, which cluster together with the newly generated sequences obtained from the cultures NFCCI 5983 and NFCCI 5984, isolated from \u003cem\u003eCalotropis\u003c/em\u003e spp., with strong statistical support (BI-PP/ML-BS: 1/96). Consequently, a new genus, \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, is introduced to accommodate \u003cem\u003eC. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eC. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e. The significant nucleotide differences between \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella sticheri\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (ITS: 28 differences with 11 gaps, LSU: 12 differences with 3 gaps) suggest that they do not belong to the same genus and should be maintained as separate, independent genera.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeveral Cercosporoid fungi have been described from \u003cem\u003eCalotropis\u003c/em\u003e spp., namely, \u003cem\u003eCercospora baroipurensis\u003c/em\u003e Purkay. \u0026amp; Mallik (Purkay. \u0026amp; Mallik 1978), \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e (Ellis \u0026amp; Everh.) Videira \u0026amp; Crous (Chupp \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1954\u003c/span\u003e; Kamal et al. 1990; U. Braun \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000a\u003c/span\u003e; Wilkinson et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR90\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e; Haldar \u0026amp; Ray \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e; Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e), \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e T.S. Viswan. (Viswan. \u0026amp; Tilak 1960), \u003cem\u003eParacercosporidium microsorum\u003c/em\u003e (Sacc.) U. Braun et al. (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e), and \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora peronosporoidea\u003c/em\u003e (Pat. \u0026amp; Har.) Deighton (Deighton \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1981\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eCercospora baroipurensis\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora peronosporoidea\u003c/em\u003e can be easily distinguished from \u003cem\u003eN. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e based on conidial and conidiophore characteristics. In \u003cem\u003eC. baroipurensis\u003c/em\u003e, the conidia are hyaline, while the conidiophores are coloured with thickened and darkened loci and hila. In contrast, \u003cem\u003eP. peronosporoidea\u003c/em\u003e has both conidia and conidiophores that are coloured, without any thickened or darkened loci and hila.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e closely resembles our two collected samples (NFCCI 5983, NFCCI 5984) on \u003cem\u003eCalotropis\u003c/em\u003e spp., exhibiting several similarities. Both samples exhibit indefinite leaf spots and large circular to irregular blotches that merging into black patches. The immersed, subhyaline mycelium produces amphigenous fruiting with stromata filling stomatal openings. Conidiophores, in fascicles, are pigmented, sparingly septate, occasionally branched, and mildly geniculate near the tip, with a blunt or conic apex bearing a conspicuous conidiogenous locus (scar). Conidia are almost straight to slightly curved, cylindrical to obclavate, pigmented, sparingly catenate, septate, with an obconic base and rounded apex. In our collected samples (NFCCI 5983, NFCCI 5984), some additional features were developed only at a very late stage of infection, including the formation of slightly longer mature acicular conidia (up to 250 \u0026micro;m), the occasional development of superficial secondary hyphae, and the catenation of conidia. These features were not observed during the development of early stages. Our phylogenetic analysis, providing strong statistical support (BI-PP/ML-BS: 1/99), corroborated these morphological findings and confirmed \u003cem\u003eC. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e as the type species of a new genus \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eParacercosporidium microsorum\u003c/em\u003e can be clearly distinguished from \u003cem\u003eN. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e by its unique morphological features. The former develops internal hyphae, and its conidia are solitary, cylindrical to obclavate in shape.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe asexual stage of \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e is unknown, making it impossible to compare this name with \u003cem\u003eN. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e. Additionally, the absence of molecular sequence data prevents confirmation of whether it represents the perfect state of \u003cem\u003eN. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e. However, this detail is for the current case irrelevant in terms of nomenclatural implications because \u003cem\u003eCercospora calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e, the name of the basionym, is much older than \u003cem\u003eM. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e. Hence, it only remains open whether the later name being a synonym of \u003cem\u003eN. Calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e or not.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on both datasets \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e could not be placed within any of the currently described genera of the \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e) and is positioned as a sister lineage to \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella. Marcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e is represented by its asexual morph and belongs to the cercosporoid group of fungi in \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e based on both datasets. Many asexual morphs linked to mycosphaerella-like sexual morphs exhibit cercosporoid morphology (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Since sexual morphs are morphologically conserved, genera within \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e are primarily distinguished based on their asexual morphs (Crous et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e). The type species of \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eN. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e, is represented by its asexual morph and is morphologically distinct from \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e. In vivo, \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e primarily develops internal mycelium and forms well-developed stromata bearing fascicles of conidiophores that are geniculate-sinuous at the tip, mostly simple, occasionally branched, and septate. The conidiogenous cells are both terminal and intercalary, with slightly protuberant, thickened, and darkened loci. In contrast, \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e exhibits significant morphological differences. In vivo, it develops predominantly external mycelium, lacks stromata entirely, and produces conidiophores that are micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, and aseptate. These conidiophores arise individually from intercalary or terminal cells of external hyphae and are reduced to conidiogenous cells. The conidiogenous loci (scars), formed on cylindrical or peg-like conidiogenous cells, are unthickened to slightly thickened and darkened. These differences justify the introduction of a new genus, \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e, for this monotypic lineage.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe significant nucleotide differences between \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e (ITS: 16, LSU: 14, RPB2: 69) indicate that they cannot belong to the same genus and should be maintained as separate, independent genera.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlthough \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e morphologically resembles \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella\u003c/em\u003e species, as both develop secondary superficial hyphae with solitary conidiophores, the two genera are phylogenetically distant (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e). The \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella\u003c/em\u003e-like morphological traits are considered phylogenetically and taxonomically insignificant and appear unreliable (Videira et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR84\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn a megablast search of LSU sequences for \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e in NCBI\u0026rsquo;s GenBank nucleotide database, \u003cem\u003eRosenscheldiella brachyglottidis\u003c/em\u003e (PDD 94939) appeared with 96% sequence similarity (508/527) with no gaps. The phylogenetic analysis based on LSU-\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e) placed \u003cem\u003eR. brachyglottidis\u003c/em\u003e as a sister lineage to \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, though with very low statistical support. \u003cem\u003eR. brachyglottidis\u003c/em\u003e is represented by its sexual morph, which can be easily differentiated from the closely related sexual morph \u003cem\u003eN. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e (CBS 123243) by forming pseudothecia with fissitunicate asci, which develop externally to the host leaf on small pads of stromatic tissue growing superficially from hyphae that penetrate through the stomata (Sultan et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR74\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, the significant morphological differences between \u003cem\u003eR. brachyglottidis\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eN. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e suggest that \u003cem\u003eR. brachyglottidis\u003c/em\u003e should be tentatively retained in the genus \u003cem\u003eRosenscheldiella\u003c/em\u003e rather than being reclassified under \u003cem\u003eN. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e reflecting uncertainties in the taxonomy of these organisms.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBased on both datasets, it has been confirmed that \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003eRosenscheldiella\u003c/em\u003e are distinct, forming separate clades (Figs.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella quasiparkii\u003c/b\u003e (Cheew. et al.) Raghv. Singh \u0026amp; Sham. Kumar, \u003cb\u003ecomb. nov.\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMycoBank: MB854799\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBasionym: \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerella quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e Cheew. et al., Persoonia 21: 85 (2008).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSynonyms: \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e (Cheew. et al.) Guatim. et al. Persoonia 37: 121 (2016).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDescription and illustration: Cheew. et al. (2008).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes: Based on dataset 1, \u003cem\u003eN. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eN. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e are clustered together with very low statistical support (BI-PP/ML-BS: 0.90/-) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). When LSU, ITS, and \u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e are used as barcodes, they provide valuable insights into evolutionary relationships at species level in \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e (Chen et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). In dataset 2, both species are clustered together with high statistical support (BI-PP/ML-BS: 1/96) (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e), indicating a close relationship. Therefore, \u003cem\u003eN. quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e is accommodated in \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e along with \u003cem\u003eN. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e, despite being represented by different morphs.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe authors are indebted to anonymous reviewers for helpful comments and the curators of AMH and NFCCI for accepting material and providing a accession numbers. We are also thankful to the Head, CAS in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, for instrumental facilities.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthors contribution\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eAll authors contributed to the conception and design of the study.\u0026nbsp;Gargee Singh, Raghvendra Singh, Sanjay Yadav\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eand Saumyadeep Rajwar collected samples, tried to cultivate strains. Paras Nath Singh independently studied the sporulation of \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e on artificial media. Saumyadeep Rajwar\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eand\u0026nbsp;Pooja\u0026nbsp;isolated DNA and prepared samples for sequencing. Sahana Khatoon,\u0026nbsp;Sanjay Yadav, Shambhu Kumar\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eand\u0026nbsp;Smriti Mall\u0026nbsp;examined morphological features and surveyed literature.\u0026nbsp;Gargee Singh,\u0026nbsp;Raghvendra Singh and\u0026nbsp;Kamalesh Kumar Singh\u0026nbsp;prepared photo plates, performed phylogenetic analyses and drafted the discussion part of the manuscript. Shambhu Kumar,\u0026nbsp;Paras Nath Singh and Uwe Braun\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003ewrote the first draft of the manuscript and updated the current concepts. All the authors contributed to previous drafts of the manuscript and read and approved the final draft of the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eRaghvendra Singh thanks Science \u0026amp; Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science \u0026amp; Technology (DST), Govt. of India (Scheme No. CRG/2020/006053); Institution of Eminence (R/Dev./D/IoE/Incentive/2021-22/32387), BHU, Varanasi; Bridge Grant (No. SRICC/Bridge Grant/2024-25/3151), BHU, Varanasi, and Sanjay Yadav thanks Raja Jwala Prasad Post-Doctoral Fellowship (No. SRICC/RJP-PDF/2023-24/6158) under Institution of Eminence, BHU, Varanasi for providing financial support.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData availability\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe specimen studied in this work was deposited in the Ajrekar Mycological Herbarium (AMH), Agharkar Research Institute (ARI), Pune and National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Pune, Maharashtra, India. The datasets presented in this study can be found in online repositories and are included within the article. The names of the repository/repositories and accession number(s) can be found below: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/, ITS: PQ012587, PQ013688, PV112567, and PV112568; LSU: PQ012588, PQ013689, PQ816342, and PQ816341; \u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e: PQ034553, PQ034554, PV125517, and PV125518.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eNot applicable\u003cstrong\u003e.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent to participate\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eNot applicable\u003cstrong\u003e.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eNot applicable\u003cstrong\u003e.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflict of interest\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe authors declare no competing interests\u003cstrong\u003e.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAbdollahzadeh J, Groenewald JZ, Coetzee MPA, Wingfield MJ, Crous PW (2020) Evolution of lifestyles in Capnodiales. 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Academic Press, New York, pp 315\u0026ndash;322. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWijayawardene NN, Crous PW, Kirk PM, Hawksworth DL, Boonmee S, Braun U, Dai DQ, D\u0026rsquo;souza MJ, Diederich P, Dissanayake AJ, Doilom M, Hongsanan S, Jones EBG, Jayawardena RS, Lawrey JD, Liu J-K, L\u0026uuml;cking R, Madrid H, Manamgoda DS, Muggia L, Nelsen MP, Phookamsak R, Suetrong S, Tanaka K, Thambugala KM, Wanasinghe DN, Wikee S, Zhang Y, Aptroot A, Ariyawansa HA, Bahkali AH, Bhat DJ, Gueidan C, Chomnunti P, De Hoog GS, Knudsen K, Li WJ, McKenzie EHC, Miller AN, Phillips AJL, Piątek M, Raja HA, Shivas RS, Slippers B, Taylor JE, Tian Q, Wang Y, Woudenberg JHC, Cai L, Jaklitsch WM, Hyde KD (2014) Naming and outline of Dothideomycetes\u0026ndash;2014 including proposals for the protection or suppression of generic names. Fung Divers 69:1\u0026ndash;55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-014-0309-2\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWilkinson PM, Thomas-Hall S, Marney TS, Shivasc RG (2005). First record of \u003cem\u003ePassalora calotropidis \u003c/em\u003ein Australia and its generic position. Australas Plant Pathol 34:95\u0026ndash;98. https://doi.org/10.1071/AP04074\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYadav S, Singh R, Verma SK, Singh G, Kushwaha P (2023) Addition of three new lineages in \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e: \u003cem\u003eNeoacervuloseptoria\u003c/em\u003e gen. nov., \u003cem\u003eNeocercosporella\u003c/em\u003e gen. nov. and \u003cem\u003eNeoramulariopsis\u003c/em\u003e gen. nov. Mycol Prog 22:1\u0026ndash;19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-023-01871-y\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYadav S, Verma SK, Singh R, Singh VK, Chaurasia B, Singh PN, Kumar S (2022) \u003cem\u003eNeokamalomyces\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003eindicus\u003c/em\u003e gen. nov., sp. nov. (\u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e)\u0026mdash;a \u003cem\u003eSeptoria\u003c/em\u003e-like genus from India. Phytotaxa 571(2):141\u0026ndash;168. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.571.2.3\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYadav S, Verma SK, Singh VK, Singh R, Singh A, Kumar S (2021) Morphology and phylogeny of a new species, \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora haldinae\u003c/em\u003e (\u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e) on \u003cem\u003eHaldina cordifolia\u003c/em\u003e from India. Phytotaxa 501(2):281\u0026ndash;292. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.501.2.3\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Table 1","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eTaxa included in molecular phylogenetic analyses and their GenBank accession numbers. The sequences in bold were generated in this study \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" align=\"\" width=\"933\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003eTaxa\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eIsolates/\u003cbr\u003eVoucher ID\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 255px;\"\u003eGenBank Accession Numbers\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003eHost\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eCountry\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eReferences\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eITS\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eLSU\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAcervuloseptoria\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003eziziphicola\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 138009/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 23707\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKJ869164\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKJ869221\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951425\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eZiziphus mucronata\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Africa\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eCrous et al. 2014; \u003cbr\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eApseudocercosporella trigonotidis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 10865\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX287276\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX286964\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX288413\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTrigonotis peduncularis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Korea\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCercospora apii\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 116455/\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003eCPC 11556\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eAY840519\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951133\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eApium graveolens \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eGermany\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCercospora\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003efagopyri\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 132623/\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003eCPC 14541\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eJX143594\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951143\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951463\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eFagopyrum esculentum\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eRepublic of Korea\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCercospora\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003esojina\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 132615/\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003eCPC 11353\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eJX143659\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX286969\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX288419\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eGlycine soja\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eRepublic of Korea\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideiraet al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCercosporella pfaffiae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eVic31849\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eJQ990331\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePfaffia glomerata\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eBrazil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eMachado et al. 2012\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCercosporella virgaureae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 19492\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX287288\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX286981\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX288431\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eConyza canadensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eBrazil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCercosporidium chaetomium\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 142177/\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003eCPC 18624\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951306\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951151\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951474\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEuphorbia \u003c/em\u003esp\u003cem\u003e. \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eCanada\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCercosporidium miurae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 14643\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKJ633264\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKJ633268\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951473\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMetaplexis japonica\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eRepublic of Korea\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCercosporidium miurae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 142235\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951305\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951150\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951472\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMetaplexis japonica\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eRepublic of Korea\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eBRIP 39358\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eAY303969\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCalotropis procera\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eAustralia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eWilkinson et al. 2005\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 129.30\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951308\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951153\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951477\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCalotropis procera\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eEgypt\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 123243/\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;CPC 15409\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF901771\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF902128\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951478\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus \u003c/em\u003esp. \u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eThailand\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella sticheri\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 24705\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKT037546\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKT037588\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSticherus bifidus\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eBrazil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eGuatimosim et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella sticheri\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 24733\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKT037536\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKT037577\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSticherus bifidus\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eBrazil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eGuatimosim et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCoremiopassalora eucalypti\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 111318/\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003eCPC 1457\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eGU269845\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eGU253860\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951482\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus saligna\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eBrazil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCoremiopassalora leptophlebae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 129524/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 18480\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951310\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF901939\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951483\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus leptophleba\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eBrazil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDistocercospora pachyderma\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 138247/\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;CPC 24144\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951311\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951156\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951486\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDioscorea \u003c/em\u003esp.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eJapan\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eFiliella pastinacae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 114116/\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003eUPSC 2633\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251328\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251832\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX348056\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eLaserpitium latifolium\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSweden\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eFusoidiella anethi\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 296.32\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951318\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951164\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951499\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eItaly\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eFusoidiella anethi\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 117584\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951319\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951165\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951500\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eFoeniculum vulgare \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eNew Zealand\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eFusoidiella depressa\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 141335/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 14915\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251309\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251813\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX348055\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAngelica gigas \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eRepublic of Korea\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eGraminopassalora geissorhizae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 146788/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 38623\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMW175336\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMW175376\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMW173111\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eGeissorhiza splendidissima\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Africa\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eCrous et al. 2020a\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eGraminopassalora graminis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 113303\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eGU214666\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eGU214666\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951502\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAlopecurus aequalis \u003c/em\u003evar. \u003cem\u003eamurensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eRepublic of Korea\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003emalloti\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNFCCI 5818\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePQ012587\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePQ012588\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePQ034553\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMallotus philippinensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndia\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIn this study\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003emalloti\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNFCCI 5819\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePQ013688\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePQ013689\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePQ034554\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMallotus philippinensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndia\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIn this study\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella cajani\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 113998/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 5335\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251315\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251819\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951527\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCajanus cajan\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Africa\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella cajani\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 113999/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 5339\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251316\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251820\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951528\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCajanus cajan\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Africa\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella cajani\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 114275/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 5334\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251317\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251821\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951529\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCajanus cajan\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Africa\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeoacervuloseptoria fraxini\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 36558/\u003cbr\u003eCBS 145992\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMT223773\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMT223870\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMT223673\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eFraxinus \u003c/em\u003esp\u003cem\u003e. \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eRussia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eCrous et al. 2020b\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeocercospora ammicola\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 136450/\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003eCCTU 1186\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKR232407\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKR232405\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX288446\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAmmi majus \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eIran\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeocercosporella peristrophes\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eAMH 9671\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMZ311866\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMZ311874\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eOL773683\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePeristrophe bicalyculata\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eIndia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eYadav et al. 2023\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeocercosporella peristrophes\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eAMH 10363\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eON310831\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eON310846\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eON376994\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePeristrophe bicalyculata\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eIndia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eYadav et al. 2023\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNFCCI 5983\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePV112567\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePQ816342\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePV125517\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eCalotropis gigantea\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndia\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIn this study\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNFCCI 5984\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePV112568\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePQ816341\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePV125518\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eCalotropis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e \u003cem\u003eprocera\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIndia\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIn this study\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeopseudocercospora\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003eterminaliae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 136423/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 22686\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF777175\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF777228\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951630\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eTerminalia \u003c/em\u003esp\u003cem\u003e. \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eZambia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeopseudocercosporella\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003ebrassicicola\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 163.26\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951337\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951192\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951548\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeopseudocercosporella\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003ebrassicicola\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 228.32\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251304\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251808\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX348058\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBrassica oleracea \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eDenmark\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeopseudocercosporella\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003ecapsellae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 112032/\u003cbr\u003eHJS 601\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251320\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251824\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX348060\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBrassica \u003c/em\u003esp.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeopseudocercosporella\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003ecapsellae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 112033/\u003cbr\u003eHJS 600\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251306\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251810\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX348061\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBrassica \u003c/em\u003esp.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeoramulariopsis catenulata\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 355.73\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX287281\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX286973\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX288424\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePhaseolus vulgaris\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eRwanda\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNeoramulariopsis unguis-cati\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 138101/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 22948\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKJ869140\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKJ869197\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX288423\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eDolichandra unguis-cati\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Africa\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eCrous et al. 2014;\u003cbr\u003eVideira et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePedrocrousiella pongamiae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eNFCCI 4881\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMW327548\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMW327593\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMW363496\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePongamia pinnata\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eIndia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eRajeshkumar et al. 2021\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora abacopteridicola\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 24709\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKT037518\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKT037559\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAdiantum \u003c/em\u003esp\u003cem\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eBrazil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eGuatimosim et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora abeliae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eMUCC1674\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eLC599330\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eLC599587\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAbelia chinensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eJapan\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eChen et al. 2022\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora airliensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eBRIP 58550\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKM055429\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKM055433\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePolyalthia nitidissima\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eAustralia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eShivas et al. 2015\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora aleuritis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eMAFF 237174/ MUCC 1230\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eLC599331\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eLC599588\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eAleuritis montana\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eJapan\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eChen et al. 2022\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora convoluta\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 113377\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eDQ676519\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951226\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951617\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eChromolaena odorata \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eCosta Rica\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora eucalyptorum\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 114866\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF901720\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eJQ739817\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951618\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus nitens\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Africa\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora vitis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 11595\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eGU269829\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eGU214483\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX348076\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eVitis vinifera\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Korea\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePteridopassalora lygodii\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eBCRC FU20503\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKR527201\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eLygodium japonicum\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eTaiwan\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eKirschner and Wang 2015;\u003cbr\u003eChen et al. 2022\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003ePteridopassalora nephrolepidicola\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 128211/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 17049\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eHQ599590\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eHQ599591\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX462646\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eNephrolepis falcata\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eAustralia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eCrous et al. 2010;\u003cbr\u003eNakashima et al. 2016;\u003cbr\u003eChen et al. 2022\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eRamichloridium apiculatum\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 156.59/\u003cbr\u003eATCC 13211/\u003cbr\u003eIMI 100716/\u003cbr\u003eJCM 6972/\u003cbr\u003eMUCL 15753/ MUCL 7991/\u003cbr\u003eQM 7716\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eEU041791\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eEU041848\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951416\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003eForest soil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eUSA\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eRamulariopsis cnidoscoli\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 18242\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX287543\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX287246\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX288705\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eGossypium barbadense\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eBrazil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eRamulariopsis gossypii \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 141099/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 25909\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX287540\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX287243\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX288702\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003eGossypium sp.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eBrazil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eRamulariopsis gossypii\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eRA17.5\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKR265337\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003eCotton \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eBrazil\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eMehta et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eRosenscheldiella brachyglottidis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003ePDD 94939\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eGQ355335\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eGQ355334\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eBrachyglottis repanda\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eNew Zealand\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eSultan et al. 2011\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeptoria dysentericae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 131892/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 12328\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eGU269854\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eGU253866\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX348088\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eInula britannica\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Korea\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eCrous et al. 2013a; Videira et al. 2016\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSeptoria urticae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 102375\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF251583\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eJN940675\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951668\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eUrtica dioica\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eNetherlands\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSonderhenia eucalypticola\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCMW 20333\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eDQ267593\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eDQ267574\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus globulus\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eChile\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eHunter et al. 2006\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSonderhenia eucalypticola\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCMW 20334\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eDQ267594\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eDQ267575\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus globulus\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eChile\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eHunter et al. 2006\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSonderhenia eucalyptorum\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 120220 \u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eDQ923536\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eDQ923536\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951673 \u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus coccifera\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eAustralia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eSummerbell et al. 2006;\u003cbr\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSonderhenia eucalyptorum\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 17677\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMN162019\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMN162214\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus \u003c/em\u003esp.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eAustralia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eCrous et al. 2019\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSonderhenia\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp\u003cem\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 17710\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMN162025\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMN162215\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus regans\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eAustralia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eCrous et al. 2019\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSphaerulina azaleae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 128605\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMH865035\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF252104\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eRhododendron\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp\u003cem\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eSouth Korea\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVu et al. 2019; Verkley et al. 2013\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eSphaerulina rhododendricola\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 136435/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 21813\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF777187\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF779493\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eRhododendron\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003esp\u003cem\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eThailand\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eCrous et al. 2013b\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eUwebraunia australiensis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 120729/\u003cbr\u003eCPC 13282\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF442513\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF442553\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX348105\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eEucalyptus platyphylla\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eAustralia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eUwemyces elaeidis\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPUwZC-01\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX228299\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX228356\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKX228371\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eElaeis oleifera \u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eColombia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eZasmidium cellare\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 146.36\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eEU041821\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eEU041878\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951693\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003eWall in wine cellar\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eZasmidium citrigriseum\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 122455\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF901792\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eKF902151\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951695\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eCitrus \u003c/em\u003esp\u003cem\u003e.\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eUSA\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eZasmidium citrigriseum\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eGUCC 1507.3\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMT683372\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMT712179\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMT700485\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eAn et al. 2021\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eZasmidium elaeocarpi\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 142187\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951398\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951263\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951699\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eElaeocarpus kirtonii\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eAustralia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eZasmidium elaeocarpi\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCPC 16640\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951399\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951264\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951700\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eElaeocarpus kirtonii\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eAustralia\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eZasmidium iteae\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 111px;\"\u003eCBS 113094\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951405\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951271\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003eMF951711\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 151px;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eItea parviflora\u003c/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003eTaiwan\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 141px;\"\u003eVideira et al. 2017\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Anamorph, Mycosphaerellales, Dothideomycetes, multigene-phylogeny, nomenclature, new taxa","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6501186/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6501186/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eDuring a survey of foliicolous fungi in India, two interesting anamorphic hyphomycetous fungal specimens were collected from diseased leaves of \u003cem\u003eCalotropis\u003c/em\u003e spp. and \u003cem\u003eMallotus philippensis\u003c/em\u003e. The specimens on \u003cem\u003eCalotropis\u003c/em\u003e spp. produced fascicles of conidiophores from stromata, accompanied by secondary superficial hyphae bearing solitary conidiophores. The specimen on \u003cem\u003eMallotus philippensis\u003c/em\u003e resembled \u003cem\u003eMycovellosiella\u003c/em\u003e, characterized by secondary superficial hyphae bearing micronematous to semi-macronematous, mononematous, unbranched, and aseptate conidiophores. A polyphasic approach\u0026mdash;including morphological, cultural, and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (LSU-\u003cem\u003eRPB2\u003c/em\u003e-ITS), coupled with genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition\u0026mdash; identified its relationship with cercosporoid fungi within the family \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae\u003c/em\u003e. The analysis confirmed that these fungal specimens represent distinct lineages without known morphological or DNA sequence counterparts. Consequently, two new genera are proposed: \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, with \u003cem\u003eM. malloti\u003c/em\u003e comb. nov. and \u003cem\u003eN. calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e comb. nov. as their respective type species. Additionally, \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella calotropidis\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eClypeosphaerella quasiparkii\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003ePseudocercospora malloti\u003c/em\u003e are recognized as new synonyms. \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e are monophyletic as are several other genera in the \u003cem\u003eMycosphaerellaceae.\u003c/em\u003e The ultrastructure of the conidiogenous loci and hila differs between these two genera. In \u003cem\u003eMarcstadlera\u003c/em\u003e, the loci are cylindrical or peg-like, truncate at the apex, while the conidial base is narrowly obconically truncate. In \u003cem\u003eNeoclypeosphaerella\u003c/em\u003e, the loci are slightly protuberant and surrounded by a circular rim-like structure, forming a truncated apex with a centrally positioned small apical depression. The conidial base is obconically truncated and also surrounded by a circular rim-like structure.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Addition of two new genera—Marcstadlera gen. nov. and Neoclypeosphaerella gen. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae)—based on polyphasic evidences","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-05-16 12:38:50","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6501186/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"344e8932-07bd-4680-83f1-ad04ae964ac7","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 16th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-07-16T07:25:43+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-05-16 12:38:50","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6501186","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6501186","identity":"rs-6501186","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}