A systematic review and meta-analysis on the Nephroprotective activity of Naringin based on pre-clinical experimental evidence

Abstract This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize and conclude on the therapeutic benefits of naringin in various kidney diseases based on preclinical evidence. Online searches were conducted using electronic databases such as PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar, focusing primarily on the role of naringin in various experimental animal models of kidney diseases. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 27 studies were selected. The meta-analysis revealed that naringin could significantly alleviate experimental models of nephrotoxicity induced by drugs, chemotherapy, chemicals, and oxidative stress through multiple mechanisms such as antioxidant (ROS/RNS pathways), anti-inflammatory (COX-2, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB pathways), and suppression of apoptotic factors (BCL-2, BAX, Caspases). Furthermore, these changes at the cellular and molecular levels were observed as improvements in the structure, function, and physiology of the kidney following naringin treatment. In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis support the available scientific evidence regarding the therapeutic benefits of naringin in the management of drug-induced, chemotherapy-induced, chemical-induced, and oxidative stress-induced kidney diseases.