Antimicrobial Resistance Among GLASS Pathogens In Morocco: An Epidemiological Scoping Review

Background: Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of great importance due to the frequency of strains becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. This review, using a public health focused approach, aimed to understand and describe the current status of AMR in Morocco in relation to WHO priority pathogens and treatment guidelines. Methods: : PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar Databases and grey literature were searched published articles on antimicrobial drug resistance data for GLASS priority pathogens isolated from Morocco between January 2011 and December 2021. Articles were screened using strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. AMR data was extracted with medians and IQR of resistance rates. Results: : Forty-nine articles were included in the final analysis. The most reported bacterium was Escherichia coli with median resistance rates of 90.9%, 64.0%, 56.0%, 47.8%, 34.4%, 34.0%, and 23.0% for amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, co-trimoxazole, nalidixic acid, ceftriaxone, fluoroquinolones, and gentamicin, respectively. Colistin had the lowest median resistance with 0.1% (range 0.0-11.9). Conclusions: : Whilst resistance rates are high for most of GLASS pathogens, there were deficient data to draw vigorous conclusions about the current status AMR in Morocco. The recently join to the GLASS system surveillance will begin to address this data gap.