An ultrasound-scanning in vivo light source

An ultrasound-scanning in vivo light source | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article An ultrasound-scanning in vivo light source Guosong Hong, Shan Jiang, Marigold Malinao, Fan Yang, Yushun Zeng, and 8 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6773130/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 13 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Nature Materials → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Biological systems operate across distributed regions with fast, localized dynamics, yet existing biointerfaces fail short in providing both high spatiotemporal precision and the ability to dynamically target any region without disturbing surrounding tissue. Here, we present an in vivo deep-tissue light source based on focused ultrasound (FUS) scanning of mechanoluminescent nanotransducers (MLNTs) circulating through the vasculature. We demonstrate the programmability of this approach in tissue-mimicking phantoms and the endogenous circulatory system of animals, where tunable spatial resolution and dynamic light patterning can be achieved. We validate the functionality of the ultrasound-scanning light source in opsin-expressing neurons through electrophysiological recordings and immunostaining. We showcase dynamic three-dimensional brain targeting and temporally resolved behavioral control in freely moving animals via the ultrasound-scanning in vivo light source. This non-invasive deep-tissue light source offers a versatile strategy for body-wide optical interfacing. Biological sciences/Biotechnology/Nanobiotechnology/Nanoparticles Physical sciences/Materials science/Materials for optics/Nanophotonics and plasmonics Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files SupplementaryInformation.pdf Supplementary Information SupplementaryMovie1.avi Supplementary Movie 1 SupplementaryMovie2.avi Supplementary Movie 2 SupplementaryMovie3.avi Supplementary Movie 3 SupplementaryMovie4.avi Supplementary Movie 4 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 13 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Nature Materials → Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6773130","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":473082139,"identity":"7682beab-2b92-43bb-968e-fdedb545941b","order_by":0,"name":"Guosong 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