High burden of anemia and malnutrition in two tribal populations of Northeast India

Background Anemia is a deficiency of red blood cells and a public health burden in India. There needs to be more reporting of the prevalence of this condition in adults consisting of both males and females in a rural setting. Hence, this study is undertaken to address this gap. Materials and methods 1460 participants were recruited during a household survey in the Churachandpur district of Manipur. Data on personal, social demographic, and lifestyle variables were collected along with anthropometric measurements. Anemia status was tested with the help of a standardized portable hemoglobinometer. Results The prevalence of anemia was 42% and 46.4% among Kuki and Paite tribal communities of Manipur, respectively, which is significant within the communities. Type of occupation and lifestyle factors were also found to contribute to anemia. Age was also found to be inversely proportional to the prevalence of anemia. Conclusion The present study found a high prevalence of anemia and malnutrition, a matter of concern. The studied population, the tribals, are the deprived section of society that needs to be taken care of to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDGs). They stay in remote areas which are not easily accessible, and hence they should be prioritized in terms of health and various other developments. Also, this high prevalence of anemia can lead to various health complications like cardiovascular diseases if not treated. Iron supplements should act as an intervention for the high prevalence of anemia and should be delivered timely to vulnerable populations.