Partial Liver Herniation Due to Endometriosis: A Case Report

Background Catamenial pneumothorax is a rare condition, occurring in less than 3–6% of female patients with spontaneous pneumothorax. It is thought that ectopic endometrial tissue in the diaphragm undergoes periodic necrosis during the menstrual cycle, leading to air leakage into the thoracic cavity. This process can result in catamenial pneumothorax and, over time, diaphragmatic damage that may cause liver herniation.

A 46-year-old female patient who presented to our clinic with a complaint of long-term air leakage was taken to surgery after liver herniation was detected in the right hemidiaphragm on thoracic computed tomography. Intraoperatively, liver herniation due to diaphragmatic damage was observed.

The diaphragmatic defect was primarily repaired and supported with prolene mesh. No complications developed in the postoperative period and histopathological examination was found to be consistent with endometriosis.

It should be kept in mind that endometriosis may be one of the rare causes of secondary pneumothorax and liver herniation. These cases are known to be difficult to diagnose, especially in the early stages. To prevent disease progression, surgical intervention should be planned as early as possible, and the diaphragm should be reinforced with a polypropylene mesh. Similar content being viewed by others Data Availability The data of the study results are available from the corresponding author upon request. Code Availability No custom code or software was developed for this study. All analyses were performed using standard statistical software as referenced in the Methods section.

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None. Funding No funding was received for conducting this study. Author information Authors and Affiliations Contributions I.D: Conception, materials, critical reviewH.E.Y: Writer, literature review, designH.E.C: Supervision, data collection, analysis. Corresponding author Ethics declarations Ethics Committee Approval Not applicable. Consent to Participate Written informed consent was obtained from the patient. Written Consent for Publication Signed consent was obtained for the use and publication of the patient’s data. Financial Support and Sponsorship None. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests. Human and Animal Rights Statements Not applicable. Additional information Publisher’s Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Supplementary Information Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material. Rights and permissions Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. About this article Cite this article DONGEL, I., CAMAS, H.E. & YILDIRIM, H.E. Partial Liver Herniation Due to Endometriosis: A Case Report. SN Compr. Clin. Med. 7, 414 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-025-02165-y Received: Revised: Accepted: Published: Version of record: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-025-02165-y