The Role of Eco-Friendly Soil Amendments Co-Application on the Performance of Lingrain (Linum Usitatissimum L.) Under Late-Season Irrigation Limitation

This study's main purpose was to investigate the probable amelioration of limited irrigation conditions by soil amendments for lingrain plants. The experiment was accomplished as a completely randomized factorial design along with three replications. The first factor was green manure (without (Gc) and with Trifolium pratense (Gr)), the second factor consisted of Rhizophagus irregularis mycorrhiza (Fm), vermicompost (Fv), both of mycorrhiza and vermicompost (Fm+v) and none of them (Fc), and also the third factor was irrigation regime (full irrigation and late-season water limitation). Green manure, vermicompost and mycorrhiza single-use enhanced the plant performance under water limitation conditions in comparison with the control. However, in the presence of vermicompost, along with green manure or mycorrhiza developed a positive synergistic effect on most of the traits. Combining green manure with the dual fertilizer (Fm+v) resulted in the vermicompost and mycorrhiza synergistic effects, especially under limited irrigation. Consequently, the triple fertilizer (Gr×Fm+v) experienced the highest amount of LRWC, root colonization, leaf nitrogen, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids, antioxidant enzymes activity, grain yield and oil yield, which would lead to more resistance of plants to limited irrigation conditions.