Differential Rotation of Individual Sunspots and Pores

Differential Rotation of Individual Sunspots and Pores | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Differential Rotation of Individual Sunspots and Pores Andey Tlatov, Ksenia Tlatova This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4556367/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The differential rotation of individual sunspots and pores is analyzed according to Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (SDO/HMI) observations processing in the period 01.05.2010 – 31.05.2024. To accurately track sunspots, we processed 5 images for each day. To determine the polarity of the magnetic field, we superimposed the contours of sunspots on observations of magnetic fields at the same time. This made it possible to track the movement of more than 175 thousand individual sunspots and pores. It is found that the rotation rate of individual sunspots and pores differs significantly from the differential rotation of sunspot groups. In particular, solar pores with no penumbra and a characteristic area of S ≈ 10 μhm rotate ≈ 1.7% slower than regular sunspots with penumbra. Perhaps this is due to a change in the rotation rate with depth in the convective zone, namely in the leptocline (0.95R⊙). Sunspots and pores of the leading polarity have rotation rate of ≈ 2.3% faster than trailing polarity spots. This difference is probably due to the movement of the spots when the arches of the magnetic field rise. Sunspots differential rotation pores Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4556367","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":315352015,"identity":"9424342d-ee89-43d8-a96e-f1aac7d6527b","order_by":0,"name":"Andey Tlatov","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAo0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACdjBpw8DAzNxAnA4eZgZGoNI0oBZG0rQcBjKJ1WLPzPz8wce289H87YwNzJVtRNnCZtg4s+127ozDjA2MZ4nTwmDYzHPmdm4DSEsjcVrYPwK1nMudT4IWHqAtFQdyNxCv5TBP4cwZFcm5G4FaDjacI0ILe3v7hg8fDOxy550/fPBhQxkRWlDAAVI1jIJRMApGwSjAAQD5qzTA3/r2ngAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Pulkovo Observatory","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Andey","middleName":"","lastName":"Tlatov","suffix":""},{"id":315352016,"identity":"118054c3-0a23-4163-865e-3766090d6c54","order_by":1,"name":"Ksenia Tlatova","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Pulkovo Observatory","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ksenia","middleName":"","lastName":"Tlatova","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-06-10 07:16:21","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4556367/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4556367/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":60182268,"identity":"7b357ff5-5a40-46e1-9dee-b774898bf674","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-07-12 17:52:20","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1621180,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SProtationspot.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4556367/v1_covered_6775d970-e719-4f50-bf3b-74069c38e110.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Differential Rotation of Individual Sunspots and Pores","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Sunspots, differential rotation, pores","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4556367/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4556367/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe differential rotation of individual sunspots and pores is analyzed according to Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (SDO/HMI) observations processing in the period 01.05.2010 – 31.05.2024. 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