Increased Survival Associated with Experience-based Treatment in Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor and a systematic review

Increased Survival Associated with Experience-based Treatment in Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor and a systematic review | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Increased Survival Associated with Experience-based Treatment in Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor and a systematic review Teng-xian Guo, Zhenxing Liu, Bohan Li, Zhen Wu This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5788879/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract OBJECTIVE Primary intracranial yolk sac tumors are rare neoplasms with poor prognosis. The study aimed to identify adverse factors affecting survival and to propose an appropriate treatment. METHODS We reviewed the clinical data of 68 patients with primary intracranial yolk sac tumors in our cohort and performed a systematic review of 28 cases published between 1976 and 2019. RESULTS Our series included 54 male (79.4%) and 14 female (20.6%) patients, with a median age at diagnosis of 12 years. Twenty-eight patients experienced recurrence, 6 patients developed metastasis, and 28 patients died at the final follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed that surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiation significantly increased both progression-free survival (p<0.001) and overall survival (p<0.001). As noted in our prior literature, 10 patients developed recurrence, 4 patients experienced metastasis, and 7 patients died during their follow-up time. In the pooled cases, multivariate analysis revealed that surgery with chemotherapy and radiation significantly prolonged progression-free survival (p<0.001). and increasing age (p=0.009) and surgery with chemotherapy and radiation (p<0.001) significantly increased overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Surgery plus adjuvant therapy was a favorable factor for both progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with yolk sac tumors. Primary intracranial yolk sac tumor Survival Systematic review Treatment strategy Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Introduction Intracranial germ cell tumor (GCT) was rare, accounting for 2.1%-9.4% of primary brain tumors. 1 GCTs were histologically categorized as germinomas and non-germinomas. Non-germinoma GCTs included embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, teratoma, yolk sac tumor (YST), and mixed germ cell tumor. 2 Primary intracranial YST (PIYST), known as endodermal sinus tumor (EST), is an exceedingly rare tumor representing approximately 14% of non-germinoma GCTs (12% are mixed GCTs with YST elements, and 2% are pure YSTs). 3 Preoperative chemotherapy with radiation followed by surgical resection seems to be an optimal option for patients with PIYST. 4 In contrast, some reports have demonstrated that following surgical resection, adjuvant irradiation combined with chemotherapy decreases the relative risk of recurrence and confers a better survival. 5 , 6 Moreover, preirradiation chemotherapy and irradiation following surgery are recommended. 5 However, there is no clear information about whether this strategy contributes to better survival for patients who receive PIYST than for those who receive prechemotherapy irradiation and chemotherapy following surgery. In addition, the risk factors affecting patient outcomes are still unclear. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated the data of patients who underwent surgical resection via the PIYST at our institute and performed an extensive literature review. This study aimed to estimate outcomes following multimodality therapies by pooling individual patient data from the literature and our cohort. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all patients with confirmed PIYST between 2011 and 2017 at our institute. Information, including age at diagnosis, sex, clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, surgical records, extent of resection (EOR), treatment modalities, follow-up data, and pre-, post- and follow-up Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores, was compiled from an electronic database. The Beijing Tiantan Hospital (BTH) Research Ethics Committee approved the study. Treatment regimens were mainly divided into 2 groups: 1) preoperative radiation and/or chemotherapy followed by surgery; and 2) surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Moreover, the postoperative strategy was divided into 2 subgroups: 1) postoperative preirradiation chemotherapy and irradiation; and 2) postoperative prechemotherapy irradiation and chemotherapy. EOR was evaluated via postoperative contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including gross total resection (GTR; without residue), subtotal resection (STR; with 90%-99% resection of the tumor), and partial resection (PTR; with <90% resection of the tumor). (Figure 1) Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated from the date of the first treatment intervention to the date of recurrence on MRI. Metastasis-free survival (MFS) was calculated from the date of the first treatment intervention to the date of presentation of an extracranial tumor on MRI during the follow-up. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from the date of the first treatment intervention to the date of death. The follow-up time was calculated between the date of the first treatment intervention and the date of death or survival, whichever occurred first. Patient Eligibility Criteria and Study Selection A literature search of PIYST in the English language was performed in the Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane databases between 1940 and 2019 by 2 independent reviewers. The search terms used were “intracranial” or “central nervous system” and “YST” or “EST”, and the reference lists of the included articles were further reviewed. Two authors screened all titles and abstracts for eligibility. Patients who met the following criteria were included: 1) a confirmed histologic type of YST or EST after surgical resection and 2) available data on treatment and survival status. The exclusion criterial was the following: 1) did not undergo surgical resection; 2) lacked detailed information about the treatment and follow-up data; 3) were not written in English; 4) were diagnosed with Down syndrome or non-PIYST; and 5) died perioperatively. This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement (systematic review no.: CRD 42019135875). The process is displayed in Figure 2. In addition, biases of the included publications regarding available and complete data were also assessed. Disagreement were resolved via discussion with our senior authors. Clinical information, including sex, age, tumor size, EOR, histological type of tumor, presence of hydrocephalus, radiologic features, treatment modalities, and follow-up data, is detailed in Tables 1-5. Statistical analysis Univariate analysis revealed that variables with a p value less than 0.1 and were incorporated into the Cox proportional hazard model for multivariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to depict PFS, MFS, and OS, and log-rank tests were used to compare survival rates. The outcomes among various treatment regimens were compared to determine the risk factors and optimal treatments. Chi-square tests and independent-sample t-test were used to compare the clinical distributions between our series and prior studies. A p value less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results Present cohort Our series included 54 male (79.4%) and 14 female (20.6%) patients. The median age at PIYST diagnosis was 12 years (range, 3-28 years), and the median duration of preoperative symptoms was 0.85 months (Range, 0.17-60 months), and the most common clinical presentation was headache (n=41, 60.3%), followed by polyuria and polydipsia (n=5, 7.4%) and weakness (n=5, 7.4%) (Table 1 and 2). The most common tumor location was the pineal region (n=55, 80.9%), followed by the suprasellar region (n=5, 7.4%), basal ganglia region (n=2, 2.9%), cerebellum region (n=2, 2.9%), cerebellopontine angle (CPA) region (n=2, 2.9%), and lateral ventricle region (n=2, 2.9%). The median tumor size was 3.8 cm (range, 1.7-7.7cm) and heterogeneous enhancement was observed in 6 patients. The mean preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up KPS score was 73.4±1.3 (range, 40-90), 56.9±2.1 (range, 0-80), and 46.6±5.8 (range, 0-100), respectively. There was no difference in the distribution of clinical behaviors between pure YSTs and mixed YSTs, excluding more patients with pure YSTs who experienced recurrences. (Supplementary table 1) Immunohistochemical staining revealed a positive reaction to α-fetoprotein (AFP), vimentin and cytokeratin and a negative reaction to human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The histological examination of all surgical specimens indicated a YST or that the majority of the specimens were YSTs. Treatment Modality Fifty-nine patients (86.8%) experienced hydrocephalus, and 53 patients (77.9%) received ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunts. Only 4 patients (6.6%) underwent tumor surgical resection of the tumor alone and declined any adjuvant therapy. Twenty patients (32.8%) received preoperative adjuvant therapy: radiotherapy plus chemotherapy in 4 patients, radiotherapy alone in 6 patients, and chemotherapy alone in 10 patients. Thirty-seven patients received adjuvant therapy following surgery as follows: adjuvant radiotherapy alone in 10 patients and radiotherapy plus chemotherapy in 27 patients (preirradiation chemotherapy and irradiation in 10 patients and prechemotherapy irradiation and chemotherapy in 17 patients.). Among the 11 patients who received chemotherapy before surgery, a mild decrease in the size of the tumor was observed in 10 patients (1 patient experienced immediate relapse after a partial response) and no response to chemotherapy was observed in 3 patients. (Tables 1 and 2) Follow-up and Outcomes After a median follow-up duration of 24.8 months (range, 2.3-67.2 months), 28 patients (45.9%) experienced recurrences, 6 patients (9.8%) developed metastases, and 28 patients (45.9%) died. The mean PFS time was 39.3±3.8 months, and the PFS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 76.0%, 52.6%, and 45.9%, respectively. The mean MFS time was 60.5±2.6 months, and the MFS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years after the diagnosis were 91.5%, 88.7%, and 88.7%, respectively. The mean OS time was 40.8±3.6 months, and the OS rates at 1, 3, and, 5 years after the diagnosis were 76.8%, 54.6%, and 47.9%, respectively. The causes of death included recurrence in 26 patients, distant metastasis in 4 patients, and both recurrence and distant metastasis in 2 patients. Factors and prognosis in our cohort Age≥11 years (95%CI=1.143-5.922, HR=2.601; p=0.023) and tumor size≥ 3.9cm (95%CI=1.172-5.433, HR=2.523；p=0.018) were significant risk factors for poor PFS (Figure 3A-3B), and GTR could significantly improve PFS (95%CI=0.156-0.733, HR=0.338; p=0.006) (Figure 3C). Compared with preoperative adjuvant therapy, surgery plus postoperative adjuvant therapy significantly increased PFS (95%CI=0.038-0.199, HR=0.087; p<0.001) (Figure 3D). According to the multivariate model, increasing age per 1 year (95%CI=1.007-1.189, HR=1.094; p=0.034) and surgery plus postoperative adjuvant therapy remained significant (95%CI=0.038-0.199, HR=0.087; p<0.001). According to the univariate analysis, the significant variable for OS was age (old significantly improve PFS (95%CI=0.156-0.733, HR=0.338; p=0.006) (Figure 3C5%CI=1.115-5.146, HR=2.395; p=0.025) (Figure 3F), while GTR tended to improve OS (95%CI=0.221-1.094, HR=0.492; p=0.082) (Figure 3G). Among the treatment modalities, surgery followed by postoperative therapy significantly increased OS (95%CI=0.052-0.234, HR=0.110; p<0.001) (Figure 3H). Multivariate analysis revealed that only treatment modality was an independent factor for improved OS (95%CI=0.052-0.234, HR=0.110; p<0.001). No risk factor associated with MFS was observed in our series. (Table 3) Data for Literature Cases Twenty-eight patients (19 males, 67.9%) (1976-2019) who underwent PIYST were included. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 10 years (range, 1 to 65 years). The preoperative symptoms (not available for 4 patients) included headache (n=16, 66.7%), somnolence (n=2, 8.3%), polyuria (n=1, 4.2%), hemiparesis (n=1), general weakness (n=1), double vision (n=1), disturbance of consciousness and gait (n=1), and personality changes as well as left hemiparesis (n=1). The tumor size was identified in 14 patients, and the median size was 4.2cm (range, 1.5-8.0cm). Contrast T1WI axial MRI were obtained for 9 patients, and heterogeneous enhancement was observed in 6 patients. Patients’ treatment modalities were exceedingly variable, with only 2 patients (7.1%) receiving surgery alone, 5 patients (17.9%) receiving preoperative adjuvant therapy followed by surgery, and 21 patients (75.0%) receiving surgery followed by postoperative therapy. Of the 21 patients who received postoperative therapy, 8 patients received chemotherapy alone, 5 patients received radiation alone, and 7 patients received both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. (Tables 1 and 4) Pooled analysis: factors and prognosis The mean PFS time was 75.5 ±7.8 months, and the actuarial 1-, 3-, and 5-year PFS rates were 75.5%, 55.5%, and 48.0%, respectively. The MFS rates were 89.1%, 87.1%, and 87.1%, respectively, at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. The OS rates were 79.3%, 59.8%, and 57.4%, respectively, at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively, and the mean OS time was 80.2±8.0 months. Univariate analysis revealed that age.11 years (95%CI=1.039-3.987, HR=2.035; p=0.038) (Figure 3I) was significantly associated with poor PFS, and surgery followed by postoperative therapy (95%CI=0.131-0.398, HR=0.229; p<0.001) (Figure 3J) significantly improved PFS, and patients receiving GTR had better local control than those who received non-GTR (95%CI=0.223-0.853, HR=0.436; p=0.015) (Figure 3K). Surgery with chemotherapy and radiation remained the significance of better PFS on multivariate analysis (95%CI=0.131-0.398, HR=0.229; p<0.001). (Table 5) Advanced age (increased 1 year) was significantly related to poor OS in both the univariate analysis (95%CI=1.006-1.073, HR=1.039; p=0.021) and multivariate analysis (95%CI=1.013-1.093, HR=1.052; p=0.009). As is true of treatment modality, surgery followed by postoperative therapy was significantly related to increased OS in both the univariate analysis (95%CI=0.109-0.342, HR=0.193; p<0.001) (Figure 3L) and multivariate analysis (95%CI=0.100-0.326, HR=0.181; p<0.001). Tumor size was available in 75 cases, including our series (n=61) and prior cases (n=14). Large tumor size ≥ 3.9cm was significantly associated with worse PFS (p=0.016) (Figure 3M). Among the 58 patients who received adjuvant therapy following surgery, the differences in survival among those who received radiotherapy alone (n=15, 25.9%), chemotherapy alone (n=9, 15.5%), and both chemotherapy and radiotherapy (n=34, 58.6%) were compared among each other. Surgery plus chemotherapy and irradiation produced the best PFS (p=0.061) (Figure 3N). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in PFS (p=0.773) or OS (p=0.443) between patients treated with surgery followed by preirradiation chemotherapy and irradiation and patients treated with surgery followed by prechemotherapy irradiation and chemotherapy. In addition, we did not find a statistically significant difference in PFS (p=0.248) or OS (p=0.159) between patients treated with preoperative chemotherapy as well as irradiation followed by surgery and patients treated with surgery followed by postoperative chemotherapy as well as irradiation, but these two findings trended toward statistical significance (Tables 5 and 6). No significant risk factor significantly affecting MFS was detected in the pooled cohort. Discussion EST, known as YST, was first reported by Teilum in 1959. 7 It was identified as an inferior class of GCT with a poor outcome. 8,9 Recently, GTR has been recommended as an optimal strategy because it provides an effective way to improve survival. 4,10 Whether complete resection could contribute to significantly improved survival could not be identified in prior studies given only case reports. In addition, adjuvant therapy has been increasingly being proposed before or after the surgical resection for the treatment of PIYST, but scholars have not reported detailed differences in survival rates among patients treated with various modalities. Our series combined with prior literature 4-6,11-31 aimed to identify differences in survival among varied treatment modalities and to confirm risk factors affecting prognosis. Several reports have recently described the molecular features of PIYST. PRDI-BF1 and RIZ domain proteins 14 are markers of malignant GCTs, including YSTs, which cause delayed differentiation and increased proliferation. 32 In another study, compared to AFP and glypican 3, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta had the ability to distinguish YST from other GCT components more sensitively. 33 However, from these limited studies, it is unlikely that there is a relationship between clinical outcomes and molecular findings. In future studies, we need to determine the potential therapeutic value of biomarkers for the clinical intervention of optimized patients with YST. PIYSTs occurred more commonly in males than in females, and the average age of clinical presentation in children and young patients ranged from 8.6 years to 16.6 years in prior series, 4,34 which was similar to our study. We revealed age as a prognostic factor, with both poor PFS and poor OS when the patient was ≥11 years of age. The preoperative symptoms mainly depended on the tumor location, and the headache was the most common symptom due to severe hydrocephalus. Histologically pure YSTs are extremely rare and usually include other elements of GCTs. 35 Our series included only 8 patients with pure YSTs (11.8%), and we did not find a significant difference in PFS, DMS, or OS between patients with pure YSTs and patients with MYSTs. Treatment modality There have been some controversies over the use of the EOR for PIYSTs. The majority of PIYSTs in the pooled cohort originated in the pineal region (70.5%). Morbidity and mortality are high if GTR involving essential structures is performed. Therefore, preoperative irradiation or conservative surgical treatment (biopsy and partial surgery) for this type of tumor has been reported in prior literature. 2,11,12,36,37 However, the safety of the microsurgical GTR technique has improved, and aggressive removal of PIYST has been recommended. One reason was that GTR helped to obtain more accurate histopathology results than compared with biopsy/partial resection and to provide the appropriate guidelines for subsequent adjuvant treatment; on the other hand, total resection for tumor located in the posterior part of the third ventricle not only alleviated the acute hydrocephalus but also restart the cranial-spinal fluid circulation. More importantly, some reports have emphasized the critical role of GTR in survival. 2,11,12,36,37 Our univariate analysis results corroborated these findings that GTR was beneficial for both better PFS and OS. Preoperative Therapy vs. Postoperative Therapy Herrmann et al. 39 reported 3 patients who underwent treatment in which they used preoperative adjuvant therapy followed by surgery for patients with non-germinomatous GCTs, and the patients were still stable at the final of follow-up. However, we found that patients who received surgery followed by adjuvant therapy had better survival than patients who received adjuvant therapy followed by surgery in our study. The effect of preoperative radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy on the PIYST was more questionable by according to our pooled series. Our study suggested the superiority of surgery for histologic diagnosis before adjuvant therapy. Additionally, Kochi et al. 31 used preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy in their patients with PIYST and described that patients would be beneficial from this treatment regimen in the extended follow-up. We performed a statistical analysis and found that there was no significant difference in survival rates between patients with preoperative radiation as well as chemotherapy followed by surgery and patients with surgery followed by postoperative radiation as well as chemotherapy. Preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy did not, at present, give satisfactory results in PIYST. Several previous studies 27,28 have reported the use of PRT alone or PCT alone followed by surgery, after which frequent recurrence can occur. Radiotherapy alone or chemotherapy alone was not sufficient for patients with PIYST. In some cases, postoperative irradiation and chemotherapy followed by surgery has been advocated for in patients with PIYST 11,21,22 , and our evaluation of the pooled cases, following the previous conclusion, noted that both PFS and OS were statistically improved by the addition of postoperative irradiation and chemotherapy. Thus, adjuvant chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy followed by surgery is highly recommended. Furthermore, in a study, participants were stratified into two therapeutic regimens owing to the subsequent use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy following surgery. 5 Surgery followed by preirradiation chemotherapy and radiation has been shown to provide a better outcome in patients than surgery followed by prechemotherapy irradiation and chemotherapy with PIYST. 5 According to the survival curve in this current study, we did not find significant differences in survival between these two subgroups. Preradiotherapy chemotherapy might reduce the dose of radiotherapy to lessen side damage to the brain, but we mainly attempted to prolong survival rather than lessen side effects. In addition, neither the extent of resection nor preoperative/postoperative adjuvant therapy affected metastasis in the pooled study due to the small sample size of patients with distant metastasis. Limitations Pure YSTs and mixed GCTs with YST components are different, but they were only a few cases of pure YSTs in our cohort, and the sample size in the literature was too small for statistical analysis. Our results did not reveal a significant difference between the two tumors. From 1940 to 2019, both the surgical techniques and adjuvant therapy progressed substantially, and after screening, only cases identified after 1976 met the inclusion criteria. Although the period was long and some patients were too old, they provided their preliminary treatment experience and further contributed to the development of the treatments for this rare disease. A comprehensive and systematic analysis of the literature helped to increase our understanding of this tumor Conclusions GTR remains the first treatment choice when feasible and not only helps clinicians select appropriate treatment modalities by obtaining accurate pathologic specimens but also contributes to better survival. Regardless of the presence of an EOR, we recommend postoperative radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy as an appropriate treatment for patients with PIYST. Our follow-up time seemed relatively short, but this was caused by rapid recurrence after surgery, and a close and timely follow-up is a priority and prerequisite for this tumor considering its poor outcome. Due to the poor prognosis of PIYST after multitherapeutic interventions, close follow-up is imperative. Declarations Acknowledgements: No. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Competing interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. Consent for publication: Written informed consent for publication was obtained from the patient, and the ethics committee approved this procedure. Availability of data and material: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Declaration of interests’ statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Funding: No. Author Contribution Conception and experimental design: all authors.Acquisition of data: TX G and ZX L.Analysis and interpretation of data: all authors.Drafting the article: TX G and ZX L.Critically revising the article: all authors.Study supervision: all authors. References Ho DM, Liu H. Primary intracranial germ cell tumor. Pathologic study of 51 patients. CANCER. 2015;70:1577-84. Jellinger K. Primary intracranial germ cell tumours. ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA. 1973;25:291. Matsutani M, Sano K, Takakura K, Fujimaki T, Nakamura O, Funata N et al. Primary intracranial germ cell tumors: a clinical analysis of 153 histologically verified cases. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. 1997;86:446. Ushio Y, Kochi M, Kuratsu J, Itoyama Y, Marubayashi T. Preliminary observations for a new treatment in children with primary intracranial yolk sac tumor or embryonal carcinoma. Report of five cases. 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HUMAN PATHOLOGY. 2018;81:26-36. Ngan KW, Jung S, Lee L, Chuang W, Yeh C, Hsieh Y. Immunohistochemical expression of OCT4 in primary central nervous system germ cell tumours. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE. 2008;15:149-52. Murovic JA, Ongley JP, Parker JC, Page LK. Manifestations and therapeutic considerations in pineal yolk-sac tumors. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. 1981;55:303. Arita N, Bitoh S, Ushio Y, Hayakawa T, Hasegawa H, Fujiwara M et al. Primary pineal endodermal sinus tumor with elevated serum and CSF alphafetoprotein levels. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. 1980;53:244. Rich TA, Cassady JR, Strand RD, Winston KR. Radiation therapy for pineal and suprasellar germ cell tumors. CANCER. 2015;55:932-40. Schild SE, Haddock MG, Scheithauer BW, Marks LB, Norman MG, Burger PC et al. Nongerminomatous germ cell tumors of the brain. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics. 1996;36:557. Herrmann HD, Westphal M, Winkler K, Laas RW, Schulte FJ. Treatment of Nongerminomatous Germ-Cell Tumors of the Pineal Region. NEUROSURGERY. 1994;34:524. Tables Table 1. Clinical data in our series and in literature cases Variable Our Series Literature Cases Total p value No. of patients 68 28 96 Male, n (%) 54 (79.4) 19 (67.9) 73 (76.0) 0.228† Age, yrs 0.653‡ Median 12 10 12 Mean 12.1±0.6 13.3±2.5 12.5±0.9 Histology, n (%) <0.001 † Pure 8 (11.8) 19 (67.9) 27 (28.1) Mix 60 (88.2) 9 (32.1) 69 (71.9) Location, n (%) 0.001 † Pineal 55 (80.9) 11 (39.3) 66 (68.8) Supra sellar 5 (7.4) 5 (17.9) 10 (10.4) Basal Ganglia 2 (2.9) 1 (3.6) 3 (3.1) Cerebellum 2 (2.9) 5 (17.9) 7 (7.3) CPA 2 (2.9) 0 (0) 2 (2.1) Frontal Lobe 0 (0) 3 (10.7) 3 (3.1) Fourth Ventricle 0 (0) 1 (3.6) 1 (1.0) Lateral Ventricle 2 (2.9) 1 (3.6) 3 (3.1) Multi-lesions 0 (0) 1 (3.6) 1 (1.0) Tumor Size, cm* 0.137‡ Median 3.8 4.2 3.9 Mean 3.8±0.2 4.4±0.5 3.9±0.2 Mean KPS Score, mean NA Preoperative 73.4±1.3 NA NA Postoperative 56.9±2.1 NA NA Follow-up 46.6±5.8§ NA NA Resection, n (%) 0.039 † GTR 53 (77.9) 16 (57.1) 69 (71.9) Non-GTR 15 (22.1) 12 (42.9) 27 (28.1) Treatment Modalities§ 0.415† Surgery Alone, n (%) 4 (6.6) 2 (7.1) 6 (6.7) PRT+Surgery, n (%) 20 (32.8) 5 (17.9) 25 (28.1) Surgery+POT, n (%) 37 (60.7) 21 (75.0) 58 (65.2) Recurrence, n (%)§ 28 (45.9) 10 (35.7) 38 (42.7) 0.367† Metastasis, n (%)§ 6 (9.8) 4 (14.3) 10 (11.2) 0.537† Death, n (%)§ 28 (45.9) 7 (25.0) 35 (39.3) 0.061† FU Duration, mos§ 0.965‡ Median 24.8 18.0 23.9 CPA, cerebellopontine angle; FU, follow-up; GTR, gross total resection; KPS, Karnofsky Performance Scale; NA, not available; POT, postoperative therapy; PRT, preoperative therapy. Boldface type indicates statistical significance. * Fourteen patients in the literature cases did not provide available tumor size. † Chi-square test. ‡ Independent sample t-test. § Five patients were lost to follow-up, and 2 patients died of postoperative complications in our series. Table 2 ．Data of BTH cases with primary intracranial yolk sac tumor Case Sex/age (yrs) Histology Location Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation Recurrence Survival (mos) 1 Male/17 Pure Pineal PTR + - YES Dead, 50.7 2 Male/13 Pure Basal Ganglia STR + + YES Dead, 16.1 3 Male/13 Pure Pineal GTR - + YES Dead, 23.9 4 Male/13 Pure Pineal STR + + YES Dead, 15.1 5 Male/17 Mix Pineal STR - + YES Dead, 4.3 6 Male/12 Pure Pineal STR + + YES Dead, 17.7 7 Male/25 Pure Pineal GTR - + NO Dead, 7.4 8 Male/7 Pure Cerebellum GTR - + NO Alive, 46.7 9 Male/3 Pure CPA GTR - + NO Alive, 57.8 10 Male/28 Mix Lateral Ventricle GTR - + YES Alive, 37.0 11 Female/10 Mix Pineal GTR - + YES Dead, 6.6 12 Female/11 Mix Pineal GTR + - YES Dead, 11.7 13 Male/10 Mix Pineal STR + + YES Dead, 20.6 14 Male/10 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 61.0 15 Male/13 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 28.3 16 Male/10 Mix Pineal GTR + - YES Dead, 7.0 17 Male/15 Mix Pineal GTR + + YES Dead, 11.7 18 Male/4 Mix Pineal GTR + + YES Dead, 14.7 19 Male/17 Mix Pineal GTR + + YES Dead, 19.4 20 Male/8 Mix Pineal GTR + + YES Dead, 26.4 21 Male/11 Mix Basal Ganglia STR + + YES Dead, 15.0 22 Male/5 Mix Pineal GTR + + YES Dead, 25.1 23 Male/16 Mix Lateral Ventricle GTR - - YES Dead, 4.7 24 Male/12 Mix Cerebellum GTR - - YES Dead, 2.3 25 Female/11 Mix Pineal STR + + YES Dead, 19.1 26 Male/17 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Dead, 3.5 27 Male/20 Mix CPA GTR - + NO Dead, 3.1 28 Female/6 Mix Pineal GTR + - NO Dead, 5.0 29 Female/24 Mix Suprasellar STR - - YES Dead, 2.5 30 Male/13 Mix Pineal GTR + - YES Dead, 5.7 31 Male/16 Mix Pineal GTR - - YES Dead, 3.2 32 Male/8 Mix Pineal GTR + + YES Dead, 39.1 33 Male/15 Mix Pineal GTR + + YES Dead, 13.1 34 Female/14 Mix Pineal GTR - + NO Alive, 50.7 35 Female/11 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 67.2 36 Female/5 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 47.0 37 Male/9 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 52.4 38 Male/12 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 6.2 39 Male/15 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 43.2 40 Male/6 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 33.1 41 Male/10 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 24.8 42 Female/20 Mix Pineal GTR - + NO Alive, 13.3 43 Male/9 Mix Pineal STR + + NO Alive, 44.0 44 Male/12 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 48.0 45 Female/3 Mix Pineal GTR - + NO Alive, 27.9 46 Male/8 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 64.9 47 Male/15 Mix Pineal STR - + YES Alive, 37.8 48 Male/15 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 31.3 49 Male/17 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 65.1 50 Male/18 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 67.1 51 Female/6 Mix Suprasellar GTR + + YES Alive, 61.8 52 Female/10 Mix Suprasellar GTR + + NO Alive, 16.3 53 Male/5 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 33.8 54 Male/5 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 12.9 55 Female/9 Mix Suprasellar GTR + + NO Alive, 54.7 56 Male/7 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 55.8 57 Male/12 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 18.0 58 Male/5 Mix Pineal GTR + + NO Alive, 41.9 59 Male/6 Mix Pineal STR + + NO Alive, 34.8 60 Male/15 Mix Pineal GTR - + NO Alive, 53.9 61 Male/13 Mix Pineal STR + + YES Alive, 7.4 62 Male/13 Mix Pineal STR NA NA NA Lost to follow-up 63 Male/14 Mix Suprasellar GTR NA NA NA Lost to follow-up 64 Male/12 Mix Pineal GTR NA NA NA Lost to follow-up 65 Female/14 Mix Pineal GTR NA NA NA Lost to follow-up 66 Male/18 Mix Pineal GTR NA NA NA Lost to follow-up 67 Male/19 Mix Pineal STR NA NA NA Died postoperatively 68 Male/13 Mix Pineal GTR NA NA NA Died postoperatively BTH, Beijing tiantan hospital; CPA, cerebellopontine angle; GTR, gross total resection; NA, not available; PTR, partial resection; STR, subtotal resection; +, performed; -, not performed. Table 3. Univariate and Multivariate Analysis Prognostic Factors in BTH Series with Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor Univariate Analysis Multivariate Analysis Variable Progression-free Survival Overall Survival Progression-free Survival Overall Survival p HR 95% CI p HR 95% CI p HR 95% CI p HR 95% CI Male 0.590 1.305 0.495-3.443 0.692 1.216 0.462-3.204 0.187 0.429 0.122-1.506 0.265 0.505 0.151-1.686 Pre-op KPS 0.289 0.668 0.318-1.407 0.407 0.730 0.348-1.534 0.433 0.707 0.297-1.683 0.567 0.778 0.329-1.839 Age, yrs ≥ 11 0.023 2.601 1.143-5.922 0.020 2.653 1.164-6.050 Continuous 0.037 1.068 1.004-1.136 0.021 1.075 1.011-1.144 0.034* 1.094 1.007-1.189 0.041* 1.083 1.003-1.169 GTR 0.006 0.338 0.156-0.733 0.082 0.492 0.221-1.094 0.902 0.941 0.358-2.474 0.245 1.796 0.669-4.826 TM <0.001 0.087 0.038-0.199 <0.001 0.110 0.052-0.234 <0.001* 0.087 0.038-0.199 <0.001* 0.110 0.052-0.234 Tumor size, cm ≥ 3.9 0.018 2.523 1.172-5.433 0.025 2.395 1.115-5.146 0.525 1.375 0.515-3.676 0.165 1.909 0.766-4.756 Continuous 0.295 1.175 0.869-1.588 0.140 1.251 0.929-1.683 HE 0.676 1.254 0.433-3.630 0.594 1.334 0.462-3.856 0.386 0.590 0.179-1.946 0.403 0.608 0.189-1.950 Hydrocephalus 0.832 1.103 0.445-2.734 0.584 1.312 0.497-3.467 0.612 1.340 0.432-4.155 0.535 1.491 0.422-5.269 BTH, Beijing tiantan hospital; CI, confidence interval; GTR, gross total resection; HE, heterogeneous enhancement; HR, hazard ratio; MYST, mixed yolk sac tumor; Pre-op KPS, preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale; TM, treatment modality (surgery with adjuvant therapy vs. adjuvant therapy with surgery). * means statistically significant. Table 4 ．Data of 28 Literature Cases with Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor Authors & Year Sex/age (yrs) Histology Location Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation (Gy) Recurr Survival (mos) WB LL SC CS Prioleau & Wilson., 1976 Male/12 Pure Pineal PTR VCR, AMD, CPM 45 11 39 - NO Alive, 12 Yoshiki et al., 1976 Male/20 Pure Pineal Biopsy - + YES Dead, 14 Eberts & Ransburg., 1978 Female/10 Mix Suprasellar Biopsy - - 10 - 50 NO Alive, 7 Murovic et al., 1981 Female/1.7 Pure Parapineal PTR - - 46 - 26 NO Alive, 28 Nakasu et al., 1983 Female/7 Pure Suprasellar GTR - - - - - YES Dead, 8 Nakasu et al., 1983 Female/10 Mix Suprasellar PTR - - 55 - - NO Alive, 10 Iwasaki et al., 1985 Male/16 Mix Suprasellar PTR - + YES Alive, 12 Allen et al., 1987 Male/3 Pure Parietal Non-GTR VBL, BLM, CP, CPM - 55 - - NO Alive, 12 Kirkove et al., 1991 Male/14 Mix Pineal GTR CP, VCR, MTX, BLM, VP-16, AMD, CPM 29 25 26 - NO Alive, 24 Netalkar et al., 1991 Female/15 Pure Frontal GTR CP, VCR, BLM - - - - NO Alive, 36 Tsukamoto et al., 1992 Male/2.6 Pure Cerebellum GTR MTX, CA, CBP, VP-16 - - - - YES Alive, 18 Sakai et al., 1993 Female/19 Mix Pineal GTR CP, BLM, VBL, VP-16 - - - - NO Alive, 51 Nakase et al., 1994 Male/5 Mix Cerebellum GTR CBP, BLM, VP-16 - - - - NO Alive, 12 Kirikae et al., 1994 Male/65 Pure Pineal GTR CP, BLM, VBL, VP-16 - - - - YES Dead, 5 Ushio et al., 1999 Male/9 Pure Pineal GTR CP, VP-16 30-40 15-20 - - NO Alive, 33 Kochi et al., 2003 Female/5 Pure Suprasellar GTR CP, VP-16 45 - - - NO Alive, 141 Kochi et al., 2003 Male/9 Pure Pineal GTR CP, VP-16 - 60 - - NO Alive, 91 Kochi et al., 2003 Female/28 Pure SH GTR IF, CP, VP-16 50 - - - NO Alive, 39 Kochi et al., 2003 Male/12 Pure BG GTR IF, CP, VP-16 - - - 60 NO Alive, 30 Honda et al., 2005 Male/1 Mix Frontal GTR IF, CP, VP-16 - - - - YES Dead, 9 Cheon et al., 2006 Male/3 Pure Cerebellum GTR CBP, BLM, VP-16 - - - - NO Alive, 48 Davaus et al., 2007 Male/17 Pure Pineal Biopsy CBP, VP-16, IF + NO Alive, 5 Tsugu et al., 2009 Female/13 Pure LV PTR CP, IF, VP-16 30 21 30 YES Dead, 18 Cui et al., 2009 Male/9 Pure FV PTR + - 36 - - NO Alive, 24 Takahashi et al., 2012 Male/42 Mix Frontal PTR CP, IF, VP-16 30.6 30.6 - - NO Alive, 12 Fan et al., 2013 Male/4 Pure Cerebellum GTR CP, VCR, BLM - - - - YES Dead, 52 Kuang et al., 2014 Male/3 Pure Cerebellum GTR - - - - - YES Dead, 6 Wong et al., 2016 Male/17 Mix Pineal Biopsy CBP, IF, VP-16 - - - - YES Alive, 36 ADM, Adriamycin; AMD, actinomycin D; BG, basal ganglia; BLM, bleomycin; CA, cytosine arabinoside; CBP, carboplatin; CP, cisplatin; CPM, cyclophosphamide; CS, craniospinal; FV, fourth ventricle; IF, ifosfamide; GTR, gross total resection; LL, local lesion; LV, lateral ventricle; MTX, methotrexate; PTR, partial resection; Recurr, recurrence; SC, spinal cord; SH, suprasellar and hemisphere; VBL, vinblastine; VCR, vincristine; VP-16, etoposide; WB, whole brain; +, performed but not detailed information; -, not performed. Table 5. Univariate and Multivariate Analysis Prognostic Factors in Pooled Series with Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor Univariate Analysis Multivariate Analysis Variable Progression-free Survival Overall Survival Progression-free Survival Overall Survival p HR 95% CI p HR 95% CI p HR 95% CI p HR 95% CI Male 0.230 1.655 0.728-3.764 0.462 1.365 0.596-3.127 0.578 1.275 0.542-3.001 0.690 1.195 0.499-2.862 Age, yrs ≥11 0.038 2.035 1.039-3.987 0.032 2.156 1.069-4.351 Continuous 0.055 1.033 0.999-1.067 0.021 1.039 1.006-1.073 0.057 1.042 0.999-1.087 0.009* 1.052 1.013-1.093 GTR 0.015 0.436 0.223-0.853 0.234 0.642 0.310-1.331 0.134 0.591 0.297-1.175 0.848 0.929 0.439-1.965 TM <0.001 0.229 0.131-0.398 <0.001 0.193 0.109-0.342 <0.001* 0.229 0.131-0.398 <0.001* 0.181 0.100-0.326 CI, confidence interval; GTR, gross total resection; HR, hazard ratio; TM, treatment modality (surgery with adjuvant therapy vs. adjuvant therapy with surgery). * means statistically significant. Table 6. Clinical data stratified by treatment modality Variable RT+Chemo+Sr.* RT+Sr. Chemo+Sr Sr. alone Sr.+Chemo Sr.+RT Sr.+RT+Chemo* Overall No. of patients 9 6 10 6 9 15 34 89 Male, n (%) 7 5 8 4 7 9 27 67 Mean age, yrs 12.8±2.2 11.3±1.4 11.9±1.2 13.0±3.0 14.7±6.7 14.0±2.1 6.6±2.2 12.3±0.9 Age ≥11 yrs, n (%) 5 4 7 4 4 9 15 48 Mean Ts, cm 3.7±0.3† 4.3±0.3 4.8±0.4 3.6±0.6‡ 4.2±1.0‡ 3.8±0.5‡ 3.7±0.3§ 3.9±0.2¶ Ts ≥3.9 cm, n (%) 3† 4 8 2‡ 4‡ 5‡ 11§ 37¶ GTR, n (%) 6 4 6 5 8 9 26 64 Recurrence, n (%) 4 5 7 6 5 4 7 38 Metastasis, n (%) 0 1 2 1 1 3 2 10 Death, n (%) 4 4 8 6 3 4 6 35 Chemo=chemotherapy; GTR=gross total resection; RT=radiation therapy; Sr.=Surgery; Ts= tumor size. * Sequence was not considered between radiation therapy and chemotherapy. † Five patients did not have available data. ‡ Two patients did not have available data. § Four patients did not have available data. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5788879","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":400510448,"identity":"e7640a0c-0eeb-4df0-9ab2-889fe1a6f803","order_by":0,"name":"Teng-xian Guo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Capital Medical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Teng-xian","middleName":"","lastName":"Guo","suffix":""},{"id":400510450,"identity":"9ecc2fd2-b272-47a0-86d2-25984ed1504e","order_by":1,"name":"Zhenxing Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Liaocheng People’s Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhenxing","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":400510452,"identity":"18c722b3-e5d2-4520-9595-b00457e44f3d","order_by":2,"name":"Bohan Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Beijing Fengtai Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Bohan","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":400510453,"identity":"d192265e-e119-4c39-8aca-44b738450d30","order_by":3,"name":"Zhen Wu","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA3klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACNiCWkONnbz7A8MCAeC0WxpI9xxIYEkjQUpG4YYaPAUMCMeoNbqQ/e/Bxh0TiBgmejx8SCg4nbmdgfvjoBl4tCemGM89IGG+X7t0skWBwOHFnA5uxcQ4eLWY3Eo5J87ZJyO6cc3YDWMuGAzxs0vi1JLZJ/22TYNxwI+fxDyK1JLNJM7ZJKAK1sBFni/2ZZ2ySvW0SoEA2s0gwSDfecJiAXyTb059J/GyrA0Xl4xsf/ljLbjje/PAxPi3ooJmBgZkE5SBQR6L6UTAKRsEoGAkAAJPtUyIR+vpeAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Capital Medical University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhen","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-01-08 12:08:23","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5788879/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5788879/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":73759113,"identity":"967500df-1fce-4119-be67-44ca27b1516a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-01-14 11:13:12","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1326202,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eA case of a PIYST in an 11-year-old girl who complained of a headache accompanied by vomiting for five days; (A) preoperative tumor traits; (B) total resection of the lesion; (C) After 46 months from postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, she was stable without evidence of recurrence.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5788879/v1/35e7a3a64a778a78bbd48179.png"},{"id":73759124,"identity":"f11bdba7-98de-495a-baf9-b2e204cd6e42","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-01-14 11:13:13","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":652331,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePIYST chart describing the inclusion and exclusion process for the analysis.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5788879/v1/ea4911a3ea3f7a4af88e7b3e.png"},{"id":73759991,"identity":"ef16ca96-045b-4a17-b9f9-55ebb525a276","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-01-14 11:21:12","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":459241,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eKaplan-Meier curve analysis (log-rank test) displaying the different PFS rates in BTH series between age \u0026lt; 11 years and age ≥111 years (\u003cstrong\u003eA\u003c/strong\u003e); between tumor size (Ts) \u0026lt; 3.9 cm and tumor size (Ts) ≥ 3.9cm (\u003cstrong\u003eB\u003c/strong\u003e); between GTR and non-GTR (\u003cstrong\u003eC\u003c/strong\u003e); among surgery plus postoperative therapy, preoperative therapy plus surgery, and surgery alone (\u003cstrong\u003eD\u003c/strong\u003e). Kaplan-Meier curve analysis (log-rank test) displaying the different OS rates in BTH series between age \u0026lt; 11 years and age ≥111 years (\u003cstrong\u003eE\u003c/strong\u003e); between tumor size (Ts) \u0026lt; 3.9 cm and tumor size (Ts) s 3.9 cm (\u003cstrong\u003eF\u003c/strong\u003e); between GTR and non-GTR (\u003cstrong\u003eG\u003c/strong\u003e); among surgery plus postoperative therapy, preoperative therapy plus surgery, and surgery alone (\u003cstrong\u003eH\u003c/strong\u003e). Kaplan-Meier curve analysis (log-rank test) displaying the different PFS rates in pooled series between age \u0026lt; 11 years and age ≥ 11 years (\u003cstrong\u003eI\u003c/strong\u003e); among surgery plus postoperative therapy, preoperative therapy plus surgery and surgery alone (\u003cstrong\u003eJ\u003c/strong\u003e); between GTR and non-GTR (\u003cstrong\u003eK\u003c/strong\u003e). Kaplan-Meier curve analysis (log-rank test) displaying the different OS rates in pooled series among surgery plus postoperative therapy, preoperative therapy plus surgery and surgery alone (\u003cstrong\u003eL\u003c/strong\u003e); between tumor size (Ts) \u0026lt; 3.9 cm and tumor size (Ts) ≥ 3.9 cm\u003cstrong\u003e (M)\u003c/strong\u003e;\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003ePatients with surgery plus chemotherapy and radiotherapy had\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003ebest PFS \u003cstrong\u003e(N).\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5788879/v1/69ee60c9a4e76fcea4a9c7af.png"},{"id":85016171,"identity":"c66add24-9e36-465f-9baa-a3d56cdc0ba9","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-20 03:16:45","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4456299,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5788879/v1/1225329e-df86-48cd-aed7-d435214a02a6.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Increased Survival Associated with Experience-based Treatment in Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor and a systematic review","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eIntracranial germ cell tumor (GCT) was rare, accounting for 2.1%-9.4% of primary brain tumors.\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e GCTs were histologically categorized as germinomas and non-germinomas. Non-germinoma GCTs included embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, teratoma, yolk sac tumor (YST), and mixed germ cell tumor.\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e Primary intracranial YST (PIYST), known as endodermal sinus tumor (EST), is an exceedingly rare tumor representing approximately 14% of non-germinoma GCTs (12% are mixed GCTs with YST elements, and 2% are pure YSTs).\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e Preoperative chemotherapy with radiation followed by surgical resection seems to be an optimal option for patients with PIYST.\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e In contrast, some reports have demonstrated that following surgical resection, adjuvant irradiation combined with chemotherapy decreases the relative risk of recurrence and confers a better survival.\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e,\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e Moreover, preirradiation chemotherapy and irradiation following surgery are recommended.\u003csup\u003e\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e However, there is no clear information about whether this strategy contributes to better survival for patients who receive PIYST than for those who receive prechemotherapy irradiation and chemotherapy following surgery. In addition, the risk factors affecting patient outcomes are still unclear. Therefore, we retrospectively evaluated the data of patients who underwent surgical resection via the PIYST at our institute and performed an extensive literature review. This study aimed to estimate outcomes following multimodality therapies by pooling individual patient data from the literature and our cohort.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003eWe retrospectively reviewed all patients with confirmed PIYST between 2011 and 2017 at our institute. Information, including age at diagnosis, sex, clinical presentation, tumor characteristics, surgical records, extent of resection (EOR), treatment modalities, follow-up data, and pre-, post- and follow-up Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS) scores, was compiled\u0026nbsp;from an electronic database. The Beijing Tiantan Hospital (BTH) Research Ethics Committee approved the study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTreatment regimens were mainly divided into 2 groups: 1) preoperative radiation and/or chemotherapy followed by surgery; and 2) surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. Moreover, the postoperative strategy was divided into 2 subgroups: 1) postoperative preirradiation chemotherapy and irradiation; and 2) postoperative prechemotherapy irradiation and chemotherapy. EOR was evaluated via postoperative contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including gross total resection (GTR; without residue), subtotal resection (STR; with 90%-99% resection of the tumor), and partial resection (PTR; with \u0026lt;90% resection of the tumor). (Figure 1) Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated from the date of the first treatment intervention to the date of recurrence on MRI. Metastasis-free survival (MFS) was calculated from the date of the first treatment intervention to the date of presentation of an extracranial tumor on MRI during the follow-up. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from the date of the first treatment intervention to the date of death. The follow-up time was calculated between the date of the first treatment intervention and the date of death or survival, whichever occurred first.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePatient Eligibility Criteria and Study Selection\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA literature search of PIYST in the English language was performed in the Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane databases between 1940 and 2019 by 2 independent reviewers. The search terms used were \u0026ldquo;intracranial\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;central nervous system\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;YST\u0026rdquo; or \u0026ldquo;EST\u0026rdquo;, and the reference lists of the included articles were further reviewed.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo authors screened all titles and abstracts for eligibility. Patients who met the following criteria were included: 1) a confirmed histologic type of YST or EST after surgical resection and 2) available data on treatment and survival status. The exclusion criterial was the following: 1) did not undergo surgical resection; 2) lacked detailed information about the treatment and follow-up data; 3) were not written in English; 4) were diagnosed with Down syndrome or non-PIYST; and 5) died perioperatively. This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement (systematic review no.: CRD 42019135875). The process is displayed in Figure 2. In addition, biases of the included publications regarding available and complete data were also assessed. Disagreement were resolved via discussion with our senior authors. Clinical information, including sex, age, tumor size, EOR, histological type of tumor, presence of hydrocephalus, radiologic features, treatment modalities, and follow-up data, is detailed in Tables 1-5.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStatistical analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnivariate analysis revealed that variables with a p value less than 0.1 and were incorporated into the Cox proportional hazard model for multivariate analysis. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to depict PFS, MFS, and OS, and log-rank tests were used to compare survival rates. The outcomes among various treatment regimens were compared to determine the risk factors and optimal treatments. Chi-square tests and independent-sample t-test were used to compare the clinical distributions between our series and prior studies. A p value less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePresent cohort\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur series included 54 male (79.4%) and 14 female (20.6%) patients. The median age at PIYST diagnosis was 12 years (range, 3-28 years), and the median duration of preoperative symptoms was 0.85 months (Range, 0.17-60 months), and the most common clinical presentation was headache (n=41, 60.3%), followed by polyuria and polydipsia (n=5, 7.4%) and weakness (n=5, 7.4%) (Table 1 and 2). The most common tumor location was the pineal region (n=55, 80.9%), followed by the suprasellar region (n=5, 7.4%), basal ganglia region (n=2, 2.9%), cerebellum region (n=2, 2.9%), cerebellopontine angle (CPA) region (n=2, 2.9%), and lateral ventricle region (n=2, 2.9%). The median tumor size was 3.8 cm (range, 1.7-7.7cm) and heterogeneous enhancement was observed in 6 patients. The mean preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up KPS score was 73.4±1.3 (range, 40-90), 56.9±2.1 (range, 0-80), and 46.6±5.8 (range, 0-100), respectively. There was no difference in the distribution of clinical behaviors between pure YSTs and mixed YSTs, excluding more patients with pure YSTs who experienced recurrences. (Supplementary table 1) Immunohistochemical staining revealed a positive reaction to α-fetoprotein (AFP), vimentin and cytokeratin and a negative reaction to human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). The histological examination of all surgical specimens indicated a YST or that the majority of the specimens were YSTs. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTreatment Modality\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFifty-nine patients (86.8%) experienced hydrocephalus, and 53 patients (77.9%) received ventriculoperitoneal (V-P) shunts. Only 4 patients (6.6%) underwent tumor surgical resection of the tumor alone and declined any adjuvant therapy. Twenty patients (32.8%) received preoperative adjuvant therapy: radiotherapy plus chemotherapy in 4 patients, radiotherapy alone in 6 patients, and chemotherapy alone in 10 patients. Thirty-seven patients received adjuvant therapy following surgery as follows: adjuvant radiotherapy alone in 10 patients and radiotherapy plus chemotherapy in 27 patients (preirradiation chemotherapy and irradiation in 10 patients and prechemotherapy irradiation and chemotherapy in 17 patients.). Among the 11 patients who received chemotherapy before surgery, a mild decrease in the size of the tumor was observed in 10 patients (1 patient experienced immediate relapse after a partial response) and no response to chemotherapy was observed in 3 patients. (Tables 1 and 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFollow-up and Outcomes\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter a median follow-up duration of 24.8 months (range, 2.3-67.2 months), 28 patients (45.9%) experienced recurrences, 6 patients (9.8%) developed metastases, and 28 patients (45.9%) died. The mean PFS time was 39.3±3.8 months, and the PFS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 76.0%, 52.6%, and 45.9%, respectively. The mean MFS time was 60.5±2.6 months, and the MFS rates at 1, 3, and 5 years after the diagnosis were 91.5%, 88.7%, and 88.7%, respectively. The mean OS time was 40.8±3.6 months, and the OS rates at 1, 3, and, 5 years after the diagnosis were 76.8%, 54.6%, and 47.9%, respectively. The causes of death included recurrence in 26 patients, distant metastasis in 4 patients, and both recurrence and distant metastasis in 2 patients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFactors and prognosis in our cohort\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAge≥11 years (95%CI=1.143-5.922, HR=2.601; p=0.023) and tumor size≥ 3.9cm (95%CI=1.172-5.433, HR=2.523；p=0.018) were significant risk factors for poor PFS (Figure 3A-3B), and GTR could significantly improve PFS (95%CI=0.156-0.733, HR=0.338; p=0.006) (Figure 3C). Compared with preoperative adjuvant therapy, surgery plus postoperative adjuvant therapy significantly increased PFS (95%CI=0.038-0.199, HR=0.087; p\u0026lt;0.001) (Figure 3D). According to the multivariate model, increasing age per 1 year (95%CI=1.007-1.189, HR=1.094; p=0.034) and surgery plus postoperative adjuvant therapy remained significant (95%CI=0.038-0.199, HR=0.087; p\u0026lt;0.001).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccording to the univariate analysis, the significant variable for OS was age (old significantly improve PFS (95%CI=0.156-0.733, HR=0.338; p=0.006) (Figure 3C5%CI=1.115-5.146, HR=2.395; p=0.025) (Figure 3F), while GTR tended to improve OS (95%CI=0.221-1.094, HR=0.492; p=0.082) (Figure 3G). Among the treatment modalities, surgery followed by postoperative therapy significantly increased OS (95%CI=0.052-0.234, HR=0.110; p\u0026lt;0.001) (Figure 3H). Multivariate analysis revealed that only treatment modality was an independent factor for improved OS (95%CI=0.052-0.234, HR=0.110; p\u0026lt;0.001). No risk factor associated with MFS was observed in our series. (Table 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData for Literature Cases\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwenty-eight patients (19 males, 67.9%) (1976-2019) who underwent PIYST were included. The median age at the time of diagnosis was 10 years (range, 1 to 65 years). The preoperative symptoms (not available for 4 patients) included headache (n=16, 66.7%), somnolence (n=2, 8.3%), polyuria (n=1, 4.2%), hemiparesis (n=1), general weakness (n=1), double vision (n=1), disturbance of consciousness and gait (n=1), and personality changes as well as left hemiparesis (n=1). The tumor size was identified in 14 patients, and the median size was 4.2cm (range, 1.5-8.0cm). Contrast T1WI axial MRI were obtained for 9 patients, and heterogeneous enhancement was observed in 6 patients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePatients’ treatment modalities were exceedingly variable, with only 2 patients (7.1%) receiving surgery alone, 5 patients (17.9%) receiving preoperative adjuvant therapy followed by surgery, and 21 patients (75.0%) receiving surgery followed by postoperative therapy. Of the 21 patients who received postoperative therapy, 8 patients received chemotherapy alone, 5 patients received radiation alone, and 7 patients received both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. (Tables 1 and 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePooled analysis: factors and prognosis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mean PFS time was 75.5 ±7.8 months, and the actuarial 1-, 3-, and 5-year PFS rates were 75.5%, 55.5%, and 48.0%, respectively. The MFS rates were 89.1%, 87.1%, and 87.1%, respectively, at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. The OS rates were 79.3%, 59.8%, and 57.4%, respectively, at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively, and the mean OS time was 80.2±8.0 months.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnivariate analysis revealed that age.11 years (95%CI=1.039-3.987, HR=2.035; p=0.038) (Figure 3I) was significantly associated with poor PFS, and surgery followed by postoperative therapy (95%CI=0.131-0.398, HR=0.229; p\u0026lt;0.001) (Figure 3J) significantly improved PFS, and patients receiving GTR had better local control than those who received non-GTR (95%CI=0.223-0.853, HR=0.436; p=0.015) (Figure 3K). Surgery with chemotherapy and radiation remained the significance of better PFS on multivariate analysis (95%CI=0.131-0.398, HR=0.229; p\u0026lt;0.001). (Table 5)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdvanced age (increased 1 year) was significantly related to poor OS in both the univariate analysis (95%CI=1.006-1.073, HR=1.039; p=0.021) and multivariate analysis (95%CI=1.013-1.093, HR=1.052; p=0.009). As is true of treatment modality, surgery followed by postoperative therapy was significantly related to increased OS in both the univariate analysis (95%CI=0.109-0.342, HR=0.193; p\u0026lt;0.001) (Figure 3L) and multivariate analysis (95%CI=0.100-0.326, HR=0.181; p\u0026lt;0.001). Tumor size was available in 75 cases, including our series (n=61) and prior cases (n=14). Large tumor size ≥ 3.9cm was significantly associated with worse PFS (p=0.016) (Figure 3M).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmong the 58 patients who received adjuvant therapy following surgery, the differences in survival among those who received radiotherapy alone (n=15, 25.9%), chemotherapy alone (n=9, 15.5%), and both chemotherapy and radiotherapy (n=34, 58.6%) were compared among each other. Surgery plus chemotherapy and irradiation produced the best PFS (p=0.061) (Figure 3N). Furthermore, there was no significant difference in PFS (p=0.773) or OS (p=0.443) between patients treated with surgery followed by preirradiation chemotherapy and irradiation and patients treated with surgery followed by prechemotherapy irradiation and chemotherapy. In addition, we did not find a statistically significant difference in PFS (p=0.248) or OS (p=0.159) between patients treated with preoperative chemotherapy as well as irradiation followed by surgery and patients treated with surgery followed by postoperative chemotherapy as well as irradiation, but these two findings trended toward statistical significance (Tables 5 and 6). No significant risk factor significantly affecting MFS was detected in the pooled cohort.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eEST, known as YST, was first reported by Teilum in 1959.\u003csup\u003e7\u003c/sup\u003e It was identified as an inferior class of GCT with a poor outcome.\u003csup\u003e8,9\u003c/sup\u003eRecently, GTR has been recommended as an optimal strategy because it provides an effective way to improve survival.\u003csup\u003e4,10\u003c/sup\u003e Whether complete resection could contribute to significantly improved survival could not be identified in prior studies given only case reports. In addition, adjuvant therapy has been increasingly being proposed before or after the surgical resection for the treatment of PIYST, but scholars have not reported detailed differences in survival rates among patients treated with various modalities. Our series combined with prior literature\u003csup\u003e4-6,11-31\u003c/sup\u003e aimed to identify differences in survival among varied treatment modalities and to confirm risk factors affecting prognosis. Several reports have recently described the molecular features of PIYST. PRDI-BF1 and RIZ domain proteins 14 are markers of malignant GCTs, including YSTs, which cause delayed differentiation and increased proliferation.\u003csup\u003e32\u003c/sup\u003e In another study, compared to AFP and glypican 3, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 beta had the ability to distinguish YST from other GCT components more sensitively.\u003csup\u003e33\u003c/sup\u003e However, from these limited studies, it is unlikely that there is a relationship between clinical outcomes and molecular findings. In future studies, we need to determine the potential therapeutic value of biomarkers for the clinical intervention of optimized patients with YST. \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePIYSTs occurred more commonly in males than in females, and the average age of clinical presentation in children and young patients ranged from 8.6 years to 16.6 years in prior series,\u003csup\u003e4,34\u003c/sup\u003e which was similar to our study. We revealed age as a prognostic factor, with both poor PFS and poor OS when the patient was ≥11 years of age. The preoperative symptoms mainly depended on the tumor location, and the headache was the most common symptom due to severe hydrocephalus. Histologically pure YSTs are extremely rare and usually include other elements of GCTs.\u003csup\u003e35\u003c/sup\u003e Our series included only 8 patients with pure YSTs (11.8%), and we did not find a significant difference in PFS, DMS, or OS between patients with pure YSTs and patients with MYSTs.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTreatment modality\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThere have been some controversies over the use of the EOR for PIYSTs. The majority of PIYSTs in the pooled cohort originated in the pineal region (70.5%). Morbidity and mortality are high if GTR involving essential structures is performed. Therefore, preoperative irradiation or conservative surgical treatment (biopsy and partial surgery) for this type of tumor has been reported in prior literature.\u003csup\u003e2,11,12,36,37\u003c/sup\u003e However, the safety of the microsurgical GTR technique has improved, and aggressive removal of PIYST has been recommended. One reason was that GTR helped to obtain more accurate histopathology results than compared with biopsy/partial resection and to provide the appropriate guidelines for subsequent adjuvant treatment; on the other hand, total resection for tumor located in the posterior part of the third ventricle not only alleviated the acute hydrocephalus but also restart the cranial-spinal fluid circulation. More importantly, some reports have emphasized the critical role of GTR in survival.\u003csup\u003e2,11,12,36,37\u003c/sup\u003e Our univariate analysis results corroborated these findings that GTR was beneficial for both better PFS and OS.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePreoperative Therapy vs. Postoperative Therapy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eHerrmann et al.\u003csup\u003e39\u003c/sup\u003e reported 3 patients who underwent treatment in which they used preoperative adjuvant therapy followed by surgery for patients with non-germinomatous GCTs, and the patients were still stable at the final of follow-up. However, we found that patients who received surgery followed by adjuvant therapy had better survival than patients who received adjuvant therapy followed by surgery in our study. The effect of preoperative radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy on the PIYST was more questionable by according to our pooled series. Our study suggested the superiority of surgery for histologic diagnosis before adjuvant therapy.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, Kochi et al.\u003csup\u003e31\u003c/sup\u003e used preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy in their patients with PIYST and described that patients would be beneficial from this treatment regimen in the extended follow-up. We performed a statistical analysis and found that there was no significant difference in survival rates between patients with preoperative radiation as well as chemotherapy followed by surgery and patients with surgery followed by postoperative radiation as well as chemotherapy. Preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy did not, at present, give satisfactory results in PIYST. Several previous studies \u003csup\u003e27,28\u003c/sup\u003e have reported the use of PRT alone or PCT alone followed by surgery, after which frequent recurrence can occur. Radiotherapy alone or chemotherapy alone was not sufficient for patients with PIYST. In some cases, postoperative irradiation and chemotherapy followed by surgery has been advocated for in patients with PIYST\u003csup\u003e11,21,22\u003c/sup\u003e, and our evaluation of the pooled cases, following the previous conclusion, noted that both PFS and OS were statistically improved by the addition of postoperative irradiation and chemotherapy. Thus, adjuvant chemotherapy in combination with radiotherapy followed by surgery is highly recommended.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, in a study, participants were stratified into two therapeutic regimens owing to the subsequent use of radiotherapy and chemotherapy following surgery.\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e Surgery followed by preirradiation chemotherapy and radiation has been shown to provide a better outcome in patients than surgery followed by prechemotherapy irradiation and chemotherapy with PIYST.\u003csup\u003e5\u003c/sup\u003e According to the survival curve in this current study, we did not find significant differences in survival between these two subgroups. Preradiotherapy chemotherapy might reduce the dose of radiotherapy to lessen side damage to the brain, but we mainly attempted to prolong survival rather than lessen side effects. In addition, neither the extent of resection nor preoperative/postoperative adjuvant therapy affected metastasis in the pooled study due to the small sample size of patients with distant metastasis.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLimitations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePure YSTs and mixed GCTs with YST components are different, but they were only a few cases of pure YSTs in our cohort, and the sample size in the literature was too small for statistical analysis. Our results did not reveal a significant difference between the two tumors. From 1940 to 2019, both the surgical techniques and adjuvant therapy progressed substantially, and after screening, only cases identified after 1976 met the inclusion criteria. Although the period was long and some patients were too old, they provided their preliminary treatment experience and further contributed to the development of the treatments for this rare disease. A comprehensive and systematic analysis of the literature helped to increase our understanding of this tumor\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eGTR remains the first treatment choice when feasible and not only helps clinicians select appropriate treatment modalities by obtaining accurate pathologic specimens but also contributes to better survival. Regardless of the presence of an EOR, we recommend postoperative radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy as an appropriate treatment for patients with PIYST. Our follow-up time seemed relatively short, but this was caused by rapid recurrence after surgery, and a close and timely follow-up is a priority and prerequisite for this tumor considering its poor outcome. Due to the poor prognosis of PIYST after multitherapeutic interventions, close follow-up is imperative.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements:\u003c/strong\u003e No.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate:\u003c/strong\u003e This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests:\u003c/strong\u003e The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication:\u003c/strong\u003e Written informed consent for publication was obtained from the patient, and the ethics committee approved this procedure.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and material:\u003c/strong\u003e The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeclaration of interests\u0026rsquo; statement:\u003c/strong\u003e The authors declare that they have no competing interests.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding:\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eNo.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAuthor Contribution\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eConception and experimental design: all authors.Acquisition of data: TX G and ZX L.Analysis and interpretation of data: all authors.Drafting the article: TX G and ZX L.Critically revising the article: all authors.Study supervision: all authors.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHo DM, Liu H. 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Successful treatment of a pineal endodermal sinus tumor. Case report. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. 1991;74:832-6. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTEILUMN G. Endodermal sinus tumors of the ovary and testis. Comparative morphogenesis of the so-called mesonephroma ovarii (Schiller) and extra embryonic (yolk sac-allantoic) structures of the rat\u0026apos;s placeta. CANCER. 1959;12:1092. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFujiwara T, Honjo Y, Nagao S, Honda C, Baba Y, Ohmoto T. Primary cerebellar yolk sac tumor: Case report. Surgical Neurology. 1994;42:121-4. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSano, Keiji. Pathogenesis of intracranial germ cell tumors reconsidered. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. 1999;90:258. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRobertson PL, DaRosso RC, Allen JC. Improved prognosis of intracranial non-germinoma germ cell tumors with multimodality therapy. JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY. 1997;32:71-80. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrioleau G, Wilson CB. Endodermal sinus tumor of the pineal region: case report. CANCER. 2015;38:2489-93. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYoshiki T, Itoh T, Shirai T, Noro T, Tomino Y, Jima TIH. Primary intracranial yolk sac tumor: immunofluorescent demonstration of alpha-fetoprotein synthesis. CANCER. 1976;37:2343-8. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEberts TJ, Ransburg RC. Primary intracranial endodermal sinus tumor. Case report. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. 1979;50:246-52. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNakasu S, Handa J, Hazama F, Hirakawa K. Suprasellar yolk-sac tumor in two sisters. Surgical Neurology. 1983;20:147-51. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIwasaki I, Horie H, Jun YT, Ariga N, Ohwada T, Oka Y et al. Intracranial Embryonal Carcinoma mixed with Endodermal Sinus Tumor and Teratomatous Elements in the Anterior Third Ventricle:\u0026amp;mdash;Case Report\u0026amp;mdash. NEUROLOGIA MEDICO-CHIRURGICA. 1985;25:554. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSakai N, Yamada H, Andoh T, Nishimura Y, Niikawa S. Long-term survival in malignant intracranial germ-cell tumors: a report of two cases and a review of the literature. CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM. 1993;9:431-6. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNakase H, Ohnishi H, Touho H, Karasawa J, Tsunoda S. Cerebellar primary germ-cell tumor in a young boy. Brain Dev. 1994;16:396-8. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKirikae M, Arai H, Hidaka T, Kidoguchi J, Miura K, Kitakami A et al. Pineal yolk sac tumor in a 65-year-old man. Surg Neurol. 1994;42:253-8. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCheon HC, Jung S, Moon K, Lee M, Kim I, Jung T et al. Primary endodermal sinus tumor of the cerebellar hemisphere: a case report with review of the literature. JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY. 2006;77:173-6. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTSUGU H, OSHIRO S, UENO Y, ABE H, KOMATSU F, SAKAMOTO S et al. Primary Yolk Sac Tumor Within the Lateral Ventricle. Neurol Med Chir. 2009;49:528-31. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGaoyu C, Deyu G, Zhi C, Hua F. Yolk sac tumor in the fourth ventricle: a case report. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2009;111:636-7. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTakahashi T, Ishikawa E, Masuda Y, Yamamoto T, Sato T, Shibuya M et al. Mixed Germ Cell Tumor with Extensive Yolk Sac Tumor Elements in the Frontal Lobe of an Adult. Case Reports in Surgery,2012,(2012-12-24). 2012;2012:473790. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFan MC, Sun P, Lin D, Yu Y, Yao W, Feng Y et al. Primary Endodermal Sinus Tumor in the Posterior Cranial Fossa: Clinical Analysis of 7 Cases. Chinese Medical Sciences Journal. 2013;28:225-8. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKuang H, Zhang C, Gong H, Guo L, Yu C, Zeng X. Primary cerebellar endodermal sinus tumor: A case report. Oncology Letters. 2014;8:1713-6. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWong K, Opimo AB, Olch AJ, All S, Chang EL. Re-irradiation of Recurrent Pineal Germ Cell Tumors with Radiosurgery: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature. Curēus. 2016;8:e585. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMurovic JA, Ongley JP, Parker JC, Page LK. Manifestations and therapeutic considerations in pineal yolk-sac tumors. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. 1981;55:303. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTsukamoto H, Matsushima T, Shono S, Miyazono M, Fukui M, Kondo A. Primary yolk sac tumor of the cerebellar vermis: Case report. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHONDA M, BABA H, YONEKURA M, ISEKI M. Cerebral Composite Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor and Yolk Sac Tumor in the Frontal Lobe of an Infant. NEUROLOGIA MEDICO-CHIRURGICA. 2005;45:318-21. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDavaus T, Gasparetto EL, Carvalho NA, Jung JE, Bleggi-Torres LF. Pineal yolk sac tumor: correlation between neuroimaging and pathological findings. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2007;65:283-5. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNetalkar AS, Sharma RR, Mahapatra AK, Sousa J, Lad SD, Pawar SJ et al. An unusual presentation of an intra-parenchymatous frontal yolk sac tumour : case report. NEUROLOGY INDIA. 2001;49:395-7. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKochi M, Itoyama Y, Shiraishi S, Kitamura I, Marubayashi T, Ushio Y. Successful treatment of intracranial nongerminomatous malignant germ cell tumors by administering neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy before excision of residual tumors. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. 2003;99:106-14. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGell JJ, Zhao J, Chen D, Hunt TJ, Clark AT. PRDM14 is expressed in germ cell tumors with constitutive overexpression altering human germline differentiation and proliferation. Stem Cell Research. 2018;27:46-56. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRougemont AL, Tille JC. Role of HNF1\u0026beta; in the differential diagnosis of yolk sac tumor from other germ cell tumors. HUMAN PATHOLOGY. 2018;81:26-36.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNgan KW, Jung S, Lee L, Chuang W, Yeh C, Hsieh Y. Immunohistochemical expression of OCT4 in primary central nervous system germ cell tumours. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE. 2008;15:149-52. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMurovic JA, Ongley JP, Parker JC, Page LK. Manifestations and therapeutic considerations in pineal yolk-sac tumors. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. 1981;55:303. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArita N, Bitoh S, Ushio Y, Hayakawa T, Hasegawa H, Fujiwara M et al. Primary pineal endodermal sinus tumor with elevated serum and CSF alphafetoprotein levels. JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY. 1980;53:244. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRich TA, Cassady JR, Strand RD, Winston KR. Radiation therapy for pineal and suprasellar germ cell tumors. CANCER. 2015;55:932-40. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchild SE, Haddock MG, Scheithauer BW, Marks LB, Norman MG, Burger PC et al. Nongerminomatous germ cell tumors of the brain. International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics. 1996;36:557. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHerrmann HD, Westphal M, Winkler K, Laas RW, Schulte FJ. Treatment of Nongerminomatous Germ-Cell Tumors of the Pineal Region. NEUROSURGERY. 1994;34:524. \u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"468\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 468px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1.\u003c/strong\u003e Clinical data in our series and in literature cases\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOur Series\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLiterature Cases\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. of patients\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54 (79.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 (67.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73 (76.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.228\u0026dagger;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, yrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.653\u0026Dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Median\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Mean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.1\u0026plusmn;0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.3\u0026plusmn;2.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.5\u0026plusmn;0.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHistology, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (11.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 (67.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27 (28.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Mix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60 (88.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (32.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69 (71.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLocation, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Pineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55 (80.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (39.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66 (68.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Supra sellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (7.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (17.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (10.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Basal Ganglia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (2.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (3.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (3.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Cerebellum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (2.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (17.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (7.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;CPA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (2.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Frontal Lobe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (10.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (3.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Fourth Ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (3.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (1.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Lateral Ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (2.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (3.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (3.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Multi-lesions\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (3.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (1.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor Size, cm*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.137\u0026Dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedian\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Mean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.8\u0026plusmn;0.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.4\u0026plusmn;0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.9\u0026plusmn;0.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean KPS Score, mean\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Preoperative\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73.4\u0026plusmn;1.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Postoperative\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56.9\u0026plusmn;2.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Follow-up\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.6\u0026plusmn;5.8\u0026sect;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResection, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.039\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;GTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53 (77.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16 (57.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69 (71.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Non-GTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15 (22.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (42.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27 (28.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTreatment Modalities\u0026sect;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.415\u0026dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSurgery Alone, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (6.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (7.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (6.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePRT+Surgery, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 (32.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (17.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25 (28.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSurgery+POT, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37 (60.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21 (75.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58 (65.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRecurrence, n (%)\u0026sect;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28 (45.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (35.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38 (42.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.367\u0026dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMetastasis, n (%)\u0026sect;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (9.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (14.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (11.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.537\u0026dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDeath, n (%)\u0026sect;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28 (45.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (25.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35 (39.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.061\u0026dagger;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFU Duration, mos\u0026sect;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.965\u0026Dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 157px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Median\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 78px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 102px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 68px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 64px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 468px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCPA, cerebellopontine angle; FU, follow-up; GTR, gross total resection; KPS, Karnofsky Performance Scale; NA, not available; POT, postoperative therapy; PRT, preoperative therapy.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBoldface type indicates statistical significance.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e* Fourteen patients in the literature cases did not provide available tumor size.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026dagger; Chi-square test. \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026Dagger; Independent sample t-test.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026sect; Five patients were lost to follow-up, and 2 patients died of postoperative complications in our series.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"754\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"9\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 754px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2\u003c/strong\u003e．Data of BTH cases with primary intracranial yolk sac tumor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCase\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSex/age (yrs)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHistology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLocation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSurgery\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChemotherapy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRadiation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRecurrence\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSurvival (mos)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 50.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBasal Ganglia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 16.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 23.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 15.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 4.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 17.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 7.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebellum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 46.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCPA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 57.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLateral Ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 37.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 6.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 11.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 20.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 61.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 28.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 7.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 11.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 14.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 19.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 26.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBasal Ganglia\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 15.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 25.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLateral Ventricle\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 4.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebellum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 2.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 19.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 3.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCPA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 3.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 5.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuprasellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 2.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 5.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 3.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 39.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 13.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 50.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 67.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 47.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 52.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 6.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 43.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 33.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 24.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 13.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 44.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 48.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 27.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 64.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 37.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 31.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 65.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 67.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuprasellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 61.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuprasellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 16.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 33.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 12.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuprasellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 54.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 55.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 18.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 41.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 34.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 53.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 7.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLost to follow-up\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuprasellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLost to follow-up\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLost to follow-up\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLost to follow-up\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLost to follow-up\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDied postoperatively\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 45px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 95px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 104px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 94px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNA\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 132px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDied postoperatively\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"9\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 754px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBTH, Beijing tiantan hospital; CPA, cerebellopontine angle; GTR, gross total resection; NA, not available; PTR, partial resection; STR, subtotal resection; +, performed; -, not performed.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"818\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"13\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 818px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3.\u003c/strong\u003e Univariate\u0026nbsp;and Multivariate Analysis Prognostic Factors in BTH Series with Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 340px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnivariate Analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 378px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultivariate Analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProgression-free Survival\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOverall Survival\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 189px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProgression-free Survival\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 189px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOverall Survival\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.590\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.305\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.495-3.443\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.692\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.216\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.462-3.204\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.187\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.429\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.122-1.506\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.265\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.505\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.151-1.686\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-op KPS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.289\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.668\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.318-1.407\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.407\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.730\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.348-1.534\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.433\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.707\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.297-1.683\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.567\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.778\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.329-1.839\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, yrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026ge; 11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.601\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.143-5.922\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.020\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.653\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.164-6.050\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Continuous\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.037\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.068\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.004-1.136\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.075\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.011-1.144\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.034*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.094\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.007-1.189\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.041*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.083\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.003-1.169\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.338\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.156-0.733\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.082\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.492\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.221-1.094\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.902\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.941\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.358-2.474\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.245\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.796\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.669-4.826\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.087\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.038-0.199\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.110\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.052-0.234\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.087\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.038-0.199\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.110\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.052-0.234\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTumor size, cm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026ge; 3.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.523\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.172-5.433\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.025\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.395\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.115-5.146\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.525\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.375\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.515-3.676\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.165\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.909\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.766-4.756\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Continuous\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.295\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.175\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.869-1.588\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.140\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.251\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.929-1.683\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHE\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.676\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.254\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.433-3.630\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.594\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.334\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.462-3.856\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.386\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.590\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.179-1.946\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.403\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.608\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.189-1.950\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 100px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHydrocephalus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.832\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.103\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.445-2.734\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 52px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.584\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 42px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.312\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.497-3.467\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.612\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.340\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.432-4.155\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 60px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.535\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.491\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 82px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.422-5.269\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"13\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 818px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBTH, Beijing tiantan hospital; CI, confidence interval; GTR, gross total resection; HE,\u0026nbsp;heterogeneous enhancement; HR, hazard ratio; MYST, mixed yolk sac tumor; Pre-op KPS, preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale; TM, treatment modality (surgery with adjuvant therapy vs. adjuvant therapy with surgery).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e* means statistically significant.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"951\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"12\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56.7955%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 4\u003c/strong\u003e．Data of 28 Literature Cases with Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAuthors\u0026nbsp;\u0026amp; Year\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSex/age (yrs)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHistology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLocation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSurgery\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChemotherapy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.9485%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRadiation (Gy)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRecurr\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSurvival\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(mos)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWB\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLL\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCS\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrioleau \u0026amp; Wilson., 1976\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVCR, AMD, CPM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYoshiki et al., 1976\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBiopsy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.9485%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEberts \u0026amp; Ransburg., 1978\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuprasellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBiopsy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMurovic et al., 1981\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/1.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParapineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNakasu et al., 1983\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuprasellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNakasu et al., 1983\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuprasellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIwasaki et al., 1985\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuprasellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.9485%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAllen et al., 1987\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParietal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNon-GTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVBL, BLM, CP, CPM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKirkove et al., 1991\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP, VCR, MTX, BLM, VP-16, AMD, CPM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNetalkar et al., 1991\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrontal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP, VCR, BLM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTsukamoto et al., 1992\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/2.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebellum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMTX, CA, CBP, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSakai et al., 1993\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP, BLM, VBL, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNakase et al., 1994\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebellum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCBP, BLM, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKirikae et al., 1994\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP, BLM, VBL, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUshio et al., 1999\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30-40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15-20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKochi et al., 2003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSuprasellar\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 141\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKochi et al., 2003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKochi et al., 2003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSH\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIF, CP, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKochi et al., 2003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIF, CP, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHonda et al., 2005\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrontal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIF, CP, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCheon et al., 2006\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebellum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCBP, BLM, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDavaus et al., 2007\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBiopsy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCBP, VP-16, IF\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.9485%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTsugu et al., 2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale/13\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP, IF, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCui et al., 2009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFV\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTakahashi et al., 2012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrontal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP, IF, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNO\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFan et al., 2013\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebellum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCP, VCR, BLM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKuang et al., 2014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePure\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCerebellum\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDead, 6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.9833%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWong et al., 2016\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.3455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale/17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.7515%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMix\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 5.6424%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePineal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.4545%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBiopsy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 10.2455%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCBP, IF, VP-16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.747%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.6727%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 2.2273%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 3.4152%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYES\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 4.5288%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlive, 36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"12\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 56.7955%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eADM, Adriamycin; AMD, actinomycin D; BG, basal ganglia; BLM, bleomycin; CA, cytosine arabinoside; CBP, carboplatin; CP, cisplatin; CPM, cyclophosphamide; CS, craniospinal; FV, fourth ventricle; IF, ifosfamide; GTR, gross total resection; LL, local lesion; LV, lateral ventricle; MTX, methotrexate; PTR, partial resection; Recurr, recurrence; SC, spinal cord; SH, suprasellar and hemisphere; VBL, vinblastine; VCR, vincristine; VP-16, etoposide; WB, whole brain; +, performed but not detailed information; -, not performed.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"848\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"13\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 848px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 5.\u003c/strong\u003e Univariate\u0026nbsp;and Multivariate Analysis Prognostic Factors in Pooled Series with Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 342px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnivariate Analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"6\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 410px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultivariate Analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 170px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProgression-free Survival\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 172px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOverall Survival\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProgression-free Survival\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 212px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOverall Survival\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ep\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% CI\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.230\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.655\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.728-3.764\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.462\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.365\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.596-3.127\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.578\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.275\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.542-3.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.690\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.195\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.499-2.862\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, yrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026ge;11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.038\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.035\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.039-3.987\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.032\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.156\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.069-4.351\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Continuous\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.055\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.033\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.999-1.067\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.021\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.039\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.006-1.073\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.057\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.042\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.999-1.087\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.009*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.052\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.013-1.093\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.015\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.436\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.223-0.853\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.234\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.642\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.310-1.331\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.134\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.591\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.297-1.175\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.848\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.929\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.439-1.965\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTM\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.229\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.131-0.398\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 57px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 38px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.193\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.109-0.342\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.229\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 85px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.131-0.398\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 66px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 47px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.181\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 98px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.100-0.326\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"13\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 848px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCI, confidence interval; GTR, gross total resection; HR, hazard ratio; TM, treatment modality (surgery with adjuvant therapy vs. adjuvant therapy with surgery).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e* means statistically significant.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"869\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"9\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 869px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 6.\u003c/strong\u003e Clinical data stratified\u0026nbsp;by treatment modality\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariable\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRT+Chemo+Sr.*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRT+Sr.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChemo+Sr\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSr. alone\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSr.+Chemo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSr.+RT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSr.+RT+Chemo*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOverall\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo. of patients\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean age, yrs\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.8\u0026plusmn;2.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.3\u0026plusmn;1.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.9\u0026plusmn;1.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.0\u0026plusmn;3.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.7\u0026plusmn;6.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.0\u0026plusmn;2.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.6\u0026plusmn;2.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.3\u0026plusmn;0.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge \u0026ge;11 yrs, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMean Ts, cm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.7\u0026plusmn;0.3\u0026dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.3\u0026plusmn;0.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.8\u0026plusmn;0.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.6\u0026plusmn;0.6\u0026Dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.2\u0026plusmn;1.0\u0026Dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.8\u0026plusmn;0.5\u0026Dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.7\u0026plusmn;0.3\u0026sect;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.9\u0026plusmn;0.2\u0026para;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTs \u0026ge;3.9 cm, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u0026dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u0026Dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u0026Dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u0026Dagger;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u0026sect;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u0026para;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGTR, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRecurrence, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMetastasis, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDeath, n (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 113px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 80px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 90px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 99px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 123px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 76px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"9\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 869px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChemo=chemotherapy; GTR=gross total resection; RT=radiation therapy; Sr.=Surgery; Ts= tumor size.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e* Sequence was not considered between radiation therapy and chemotherapy.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026dagger; Five patients did not have available data.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026Dagger; Two patients did not have available data.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026sect; Four patients did not have available data.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Primary intracranial yolk sac tumor, Survival, Systematic review, Treatment strategy","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5788879/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5788879/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eOBJECTIVE\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrimary intracranial yolk sac tumors are rare neoplasms with poor prognosis. The study aimed to identify adverse factors affecting survival and to propose an appropriate treatment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMETHODS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe reviewed the clinical data of 68 patients with primary intracranial yolk sac tumors in our cohort and performed a systematic review of 28 cases published between 1976 and 2019.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRESULTS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur series included 54 male (79.4%) and 14 female (20.6%) patients, with a median age at diagnosis of 12 years. Twenty-eight patients experienced recurrence, 6 patients developed metastasis, and 28 patients died at the final follow-up. Multivariate analysis revealed that surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiation significantly increased both progression-free survival (p\u0026lt;0.001) and overall survival (p\u0026lt;0.001). As noted in our prior literature, 10 patients developed recurrence, 4 patients experienced metastasis, and 7 patients died during their follow-up time. In the pooled cases, multivariate analysis revealed that surgery with chemotherapy and radiation significantly prolonged progression-free survival (p\u0026lt;0.001). and increasing age (p=0.009) and surgery with chemotherapy and radiation (p\u0026lt;0.001) significantly increased overall survival.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCONCLUSIONS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSurgery plus adjuvant therapy was a favorable factor for both progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with yolk sac tumors.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Increased Survival Associated with Experience-based Treatment in Primary Intracranial Yolk Sac Tumor and a systematic review","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-01-14 11:13:07","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5788879/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c9fda94d-fdfc-43e5-b1a8-64a2e62b83cd","owner":[],"postedDate":"January 14th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-06-20T03:08:36+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-01-14 11:13:07","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5788879","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5788879","identity":"rs-5788879","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}