New Development of QoE Model 5G FWA Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Approach

Mobile network operators are increasingly adopting 5G Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) to meet the growing demand for high performance services in households. This study evaluated the adoption and Quality of Experience (QoE) of 5G FWA through a multi-phase study. First phase, utilized a systematic literature review to develop a structural equation modeling (SEM) framework, identifying Quality of Service (QoS) and User Experience (UX) factors. A questionnaire survey was then conducted with 42 industry experts and 52 end-users. The SEM analysis shows that UX is not transferable between FTTx and 5G FWA, as the correlation (y = - 0.052, t value = -0.100) was statistically insignificant. The technical QoS FTTx does not influence how users perceive the technical QoS 5G FWA (y = - 0.02, t value = -0.122). Bandwidth and Quality are the most critical drivers for 5G FWA success regarding UX, whereas latency, MoS, and throughput are vital for QoS. Exploratory Factor Analysis for the UX and QoS parameters of 5G FWA showed strong internal consistency across all identified factors. The framework with fit indices reflected excellent model QoS (RMSEA = 0.08, CFI = 0.973, TLI = 0.965, CMINDF = 1.254 and GFI = 0.782) and UX (RMSEA = 0.08, CFI = 0.895, TLI = 0.881, CMINDF = 1.377 and GFI = 0.655). The mathematical SEM model provides empirical evidence of the role of the service factor as observed parameters and introduces a validated theoretical framework QoE-SEM. This research contributes to the academic and telecommunications industries, to deliver a fit observe model for upcoming new technology 5G FWA and assist decision makers in formulating strategic QoE models.