Controllable bound states in the continuum enabling blue-to-green directional vortex lasing

Controllable bound states in the continuum enabling blue-to-green directional vortex lasing | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Controllable bound states in the continuum enabling blue-to-green directional vortex lasing Zhe Zhuang, Feifan Xu, Zi-xin Zhou, Qi Zhang, Jushi Liu, Wei-min Wang, and 8 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8846802/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Bound states in the continuum (BIC) enable low-threshold lasing with high quality (Q) factors and polarization winding akin to vortices possessing integer topological charges. This BIC lasing action could be realized by conventional photonic crystal (PhC) cavities with embedded gain, but robust and deterministic control of BIC in momentum space remains challenging. Here, we report a monolithic visible BIC laser based on a hybrid cavity comprising an in-plane asymmetric distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), InGaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) as the gain medium, and a square-lattice PhC slab. This hybrid cavity enhances light confinement, facilitating low-threshold lasing and high Q factors. By tuning the PhC lattice constant, BIC lasing modes are precisely controlled at specific k-space locations (on-Γ or off-Γ), allowing deterministic modulation of both the polarization winding and radiation directions of the vortex laser beams. Our work establishes a hybrid-cavity platform for engineering BIC in momentum space, offering a practical route toward spectrally tunable, directionally stable vortex lasers for visible-light applications such as optical trapping, structured illumination, and high-capacity communication. Physical sciences/Physics/Electronics, photonics and device physics/Photonic devices Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Lasers, LEDs and light sources/Semiconductor lasers Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files SupplementaryMaterials.pdf Supplementary Materials Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8846802","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":606939373,"identity":"b5ad4d5f-b105-48ee-87cc-5e8a29d064cf","order_by":0,"name":"Zhe Zhuang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA10lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFACHjApx8BwAEixkaDFmHQtiQ1gihgt8v1nj0n83FGbvp3xjAHDh7LDDPyzG/BrYWw4lybZe+Z47s6GMwaMM84dZpC4cwC/FmbGHjMJ3rZjuRsOnDFg5m07zGAgkYBfCxszj5nk37Zj6QYgLX+J0cLDxmMmzdtWkwDWwkiMFgkeHmNr2bYDhhsOHCs42HMunUfiBgEt8v1nDG++bauTN7hxeOODH2XWcvwzCGiBgsNA+w6AI5OHKPVAUMfAwN9ArOJRMApGwSgYaQAA0N5C9YHKw+IAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2565-5500","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhe","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhuang","suffix":""},{"id":606939379,"identity":"aa4f3603-648e-4e77-8692-e5f3ba0c6812","order_by":1,"name":"Feifan Xu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Feifan","middleName":"","lastName":"Xu","suffix":""},{"id":606939381,"identity":"a9ff96d1-4e1e-4e47-851e-9c78f0a83d3f","order_by":2,"name":"Zi-xin Zhou","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zi-xin","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhou","suffix":""},{"id":606939383,"identity":"436bdc66-26e7-430f-9382-6be5de281ef6","order_by":3,"name":"Qi Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qi","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":606939385,"identity":"0c355e6e-da30-481d-91bd-043815a5edd9","order_by":4,"name":"Jushi Liu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jushi","middleName":"","lastName":"Liu","suffix":""},{"id":606939386,"identity":"bcbbc2b8-6c55-412d-84b0-fc14495844f3","order_by":5,"name":"Wei-min Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wei-min","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":606939387,"identity":"733029df-9bb5-4d2c-a2bd-e87bb3b9cfb3","order_by":6,"name":"Haifan You","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Haifan","middleName":"","lastName":"You","suffix":""},{"id":606939388,"identity":"c5107487-bf6c-4789-9f51-77db94f9cdc0","order_by":7,"name":"zhaoxia bi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Future Display Institute of Xiamen","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"zhaoxia","middleName":"","lastName":"bi","suffix":""},{"id":606939389,"identity":"fcf37751-8499-4f5c-bb8f-99f78b3c3bfb","order_by":8,"name":"Tao Tao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tao","middleName":"","lastName":"Tao","suffix":""},{"id":606939390,"identity":"68f30001-2af8-487b-8504-2fab277cba96","order_by":9,"name":"Dunjun Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dunjun","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":606939391,"identity":"e62d7b9f-1972-4739-99ab-b7e54e0ca5b4","order_by":10,"name":"Junlong kou","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Junlong","middleName":"","lastName":"kou","suffix":""},{"id":606939392,"identity":"6ebd7e1d-14f7-4d38-ae83-6fb1e95fa3c9","order_by":11,"name":"Yanqing Lu","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6151-8557","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yanqing","middleName":"","lastName":"Lu","suffix":""},{"id":606939393,"identity":"d0adf2aa-c20f-42fb-8b3b-948df36e7725","order_by":12,"name":"Rong Zhang","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0015-6331","institution":"Nanjing University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rong","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":606939394,"identity":"3e672659-63b6-4b2c-9c4e-b9cd992eb46a","order_by":13,"name":"Bin Liu","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-6809","institution":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. 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This BIC lasing action could be realized by conventional photonic crystal (PhC) cavities with embedded gain, but robust and deterministic control of BIC in momentum space remains challenging. Here, we report a monolithic visible BIC laser based on a hybrid cavity comprising an in-plane asymmetric distributed Bragg reflector (DBR), InGaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) as the gain medium, and a square-lattice PhC slab. This hybrid cavity enhances light confinement, facilitating low-threshold lasing and high Q factors. By tuning the PhC lattice constant, BIC lasing modes are precisely controlled at specific k-space locations (on-Γ or off-Γ), allowing deterministic modulation of both the polarization winding and radiation directions of the vortex laser beams. 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