The Role of Hormone Imbalance in the Pathogenesis of Endometriosis

Endometriosis (EMS) is a common gynecological disease that affects the reproductive health and quality of life of millions of women worldwide. This study aims to explore the specific role of hormone imbalance in the pathogenesis of EMS, particularly the regulatory roles of estrogen and progesterone in endometrial tissue growth and inflammatory response. In terms of experimental methodology, a classical mouse endometriosis model was firstly established, in which endometrial tissues were transplanted into the abdominal cavity of mice by surgical methods to simulate the pathological state of human EMS. An environment of hormonal imbalance was artificially created by administering different doses of estrogen and progesterone. This step critically mimics the pathological changes that can result from hormonal imbalance. During the treatment period, blood and tissue samples were collected regularly to evaluate the CRP (C-reactive protein) level and the expression of related inflammatory factor (IF) by ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and immunohistochemistry, and the endothelial tissue hyperplasia was evaluated by microscopic observation and histological analysis to evaluate the proliferation of endothelial tissue. The data on the growth rate of endometriotic tissue showed a gradual decrease in the rate of tissue growth over time after the start of treatment. The gradual decrease from the initial 100% to about 10% indicates that the treatment has a significant inhibitory effect. By clarifying how hormones affect the development of EMS, it helps the medical community to design more targeted interventions to improve treatment outcomes and patients' quality of life, and also provides a scientific basis for developing more effective treatment strategies in the future.