Temporal Patterns, Causes, and Risk Determinants of Lower Respiratory Infections in BRICS+ Countries: A Longitudinal Inter-Country Assessment of Disease Burdens

Temporal Patterns, Causes, and Risk Determinants of Lower Respiratory Infections in BRICS+ Countries: A Longitudinal Inter-Country Assessment of Disease Burdens | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Temporal Patterns, Causes, and Risk Determinants of Lower Respiratory Infections in BRICS+ Countries: A Longitudinal Inter-Country Assessment of Disease Burdens Jiakang Chen, Nanhao He, Kasim Allel, Xiaoyi Fang, Jiaqiang Chen, and 4 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4885447/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract With the inclusion of new member states, nearly half of the world's population today residence in the BRICS + countries. However, no studies have systematically assessed the disease burden caused by lower respiratory tract infections (LRI) in these countries. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 and age-period-cohort models, we estimate the temporal patterns, causes, and risk determinants of LRI burden between 1990 and 2019. The findings showed BRICS + experienced a total of 256821260 LRI events, accounting for 52.5% of the global incidence (488902504), accounting for 34.2% of the global LRI deaths [2493199 (2736184 to 2268183)] In 2019. The age standardized mortality rate of LRIs in BRICS + countries ranged from 13.8 to 86.4 cases per 100,000 people. Local drift showed that the improvement was most pronounced in children. In terms of numbers, pneumococci are the common LRI type in all countries. In terms of risk factors, countries show strong heterogeneity. From 1990 to 2019, the burden of LRI generally decreased as SDI increased. The result shows that BRICS countries should strengthen cooperation and exchanges in health and provide better experience for other developing countries to reduce the burden of LRI. Health Economics & Outcomes Research Global burden of disease Lower respiratory infection Etiology Risk factor BRICS Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Introduction Lower respiratory infections (LRIs) significantly contribute to death and disability globally, notably in children under five [ 1 ]. In developing countries, the disease burden of lower respiratory tract infections is higher due to lack of medical resources, environmental degradation, and weak awareness of disease prevention among the population [ 2 ]. After the 2023 BRICS South Africa Conference Declaration was released, BRICS + has now included ten member countries distributed in different continents, including 3,567,960,329 population in 2019, accounting for nearly 50% of the world's population [ 3 – 4 ]. Most of the BRICS + countries are developing countries. Previous studies have proven that lower SDI is related to higher LRI burden [ 2 ]. Due to their huge population base and representation in developing countries, changes in the LRI of the BRICS + countries can It better reflects the epidemiological situation of infectious diseases in developing countries and becomes an important reference for monitoring health inequality. In this comparative study across BRICS+, we explore the burden of LRIs and its trends, etiologies, and risk factors between 1990 and 2019. Materials and methods Data sources, variables and analytical sampl e We utilised data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study (GBD 2019) covering 21 geographical regions and 204 countries between 1990 and 2019[ 5 ]. The BRICS + is an intergovernmental organisation comprising ten countries, including Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Ethiopia, The United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Arab Republic of Egypt. LRI were defined utilising the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), which included ICD-9 codes 073.0-073.6, 079.82, 466–469, 480–489, 513.0, and 770.0 and ICD10 codes A48.1, J09-J22, J85.1, P23-P23.9, and U04. The etiologies included influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae , and Haemophilus influenzae type-b. We studied 14 critical risk factors attributable to LRI deaths, including null access to handwashing, ambient particulate matter pollution, household air pollution from solid fuels, highest and lowest temperature, non-exclusive breastfeeding, child underweight, child wasting, child stunting, short gestation, low birth weight, smoking, secondhand smoke, and alcohol use [ 5 , 6 ]. GBD2019 defined an LRI episode as an infection directly caused by the identified pathogen. Input data from the GBD 2019 included all data used in GBD 2017, data from a systematic review, and inpatient data [ 5 ]. The non-fatal burden of LRIs was modelled using a Bayesian meta-regression modeling framework (i.e., Dis Mod-MR). Details of the methods have been published elsewhere [ 1 , 5 ]. Our main outcomes referred to the disability adjusted life year (DALYs) and the Sociodemographic Index (SDI). The SDI is the geometric mean, ranging between 0 and 1 of different indices, including fertility rate under the age of 25, mean education for those ages 15 and older and lagged distributed income per capita [ 7 , 8 ]. Statistical analyses We analyzed the association between DALYs SDI. Data outcomes were described in terms of absolute numbers and age-standardized rates per 100,000 populations following 95% uncertainty interval (UI) following a static (i.e., period-specific) and dynamic (i.e., changes over time) levels. We calculated the average annual percentage change (AAPC) in terms of age-standardized incidence rates, number of deaths, and DALYs attributable to LRIs in 10 BRICS countries. We estimated the impact of age, period, and birth cohort on chronic disease mortality using an age-period-cohort (APC) model; previously utilized to analyze mortality trends from infectious diseases [ 9 , 10 ]. We obtained the estimated parameters from the age-period-cohort Web Tool designed by the National Cancer Institute of the United States and used central age groups (i.e., 50–54 years) for the 2000–2004 period, and 1950–1954 cohort as reference [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. APC models were tested using Wald chi-squared test, and statistical significance was considered two-sided utilising p ≤ 0.05[ 6 , 14 , 15 ]. We used the Joinpoint (v 5.0) software for statistical analyses and R for data visualization v 4.3.1[ 16 , 17 ]. Results Trends in LRI Incidence, Mortality and DALYs In 2019, BRICS + experienced a total of 256821260 LRI events, accounting for 52.5% of the global incidence (488902504), an increase of 16.9% from 1990 (219640408 cases). The total number of deaths caused by LRI is 852668, accounting for 34.2% of the global LRI deaths [2493199 (2736184 to 2268183)], a decrease of 44.5% compared to 1990. In 2019, India reported the highest number of LRI deaths [433661 (381633, 489555)], followed by China [185264 (160993, 216218)]. The age standardized mortality rate of LRIs in BRICS + countries ranged from 13.8 to 86.4 cases per 100000 people, and the age standardized DALYs rate of LRIs was 343.1 to 2415.7 cases per 100000 people. Ethiopia [2415.7 (2067.8, 2845.7)], South Africa [2104.9 (1880.6, 2373.1)], and India [1631.6 (1411.2, 1903.5)] had the highest figures. On the contrary, China [343.1 (304.6, 391.6)], Iran [359 (326.5, 390.5)], and Russia [603.5 (527.2, 684.2)] had the lowest numbers (Table 1, Fig. 1 ). Table 1. Incidence, deaths and DALYs for LRI in 2019 and the average annual percent change during the period 1990–2019 Notes: Data were sourced from the GBD study. DALYs = Disability-adjusted life years. LRI = Lower respiratory infections. UI = uncertainty interval. ASR = Age-standardized rates. AAPC = Average Annual Percent Change. Almost all countries, except for Russia with an increase of 0.48% per year (95% CI: 0.07 to 0.89), showed a decrease in LRI deaths overtime, with China displaying the most significant decrease of-4.72% per year (95% CI: -4.89 to -4.56) (Table S1). When dividing by age group, local drift is below zero for all age groups under 19 years old, indicating an improvement in LRI mortality rates in children and adolescents. In China, progress is most significant across all age groups. The most significant progress was observed in infants and young children aged 0 to 4, with a score of -10.1% per year (95% CI: -10.26 to -9.93) (Table S1). From 1990 to 2019, the percentage change of age standardized incidence rate in all BRICS + countries decreased, with China [average annual percent change(AAPC): -2.06 (95% CI-2.1, -2.03)], Ethiopia [AAPC: -1.68 (-1.78, -1.58) and Iran [AAPC: -1.45 (-1.53, -1.37)] having the largest decline. In contrast, the Russia [AAPC: -0.49 (-0.63, -0.36)] and South Africa [AAPC: -0.5 (-0.56, -0.45)] had the smallest reductions. Between 1990 and 2019, there was no increase in DALYs (Disability-Adjusted Life Years) rates in any country. Similarly, China [AAPC: -7.7 (-7.88, -7.52)], Egypt [AAPC: -5.14 (-5.47, -4.82)], and Iran [AAPC: -5.01 (-5.16, -4.86)] had the largest reductions in standardized disability adjusted life rates during the same period (Table 1). Individual Level-Age-Period-Cohort Effect Analysis Figure 2 illustrates the age, period, and cohort effects of sex specific LRI mortality rate. After controlling for period and cohort effects, we found that LRI mortality rate was highest between 0–4 years old populations, followed by a rapid decline with age until it stabilized at a low level at 60 years. After this time point, the curve showed a gradual increase in LRI deaths among individuals > 60 years of age. LRI mortality rate was heterogeneous among countries. Even though all nations suffered higher death rates in youngest and oldest groups, Ethiopia experienced a high peak of LRI death in the 0–5 years old age group and South Africa in the > 75 group. China displayed the second highest under-5 mortality but lowest among > 75 age. The overall trend of relative risk (RR) of LRIs is declining in BRICS + countries, although there are fluctuations of period RR in Russia and South Africa and cohort RR for the Middle East and North Africa (NAME) countries. notably in China where LRI period RR significantly dropped from 1.64 to 0.5. This decline is observed for both sexes, particularly among Chinese women. Countries like China, Ethiopia, Iran, and India have seen marked LRI risk reductions compared to cohorts born before 1950. Wald Chi Square tests confirmed these trends in the APC model are statistically significant (all p < 0.001). Association with SDI From 1990 to 2019, with socio-economic development, the burden of LRIs generally declined. Countries such as South Africa and Egypt have a higher burden than expected, while others such as Iran have a lower burden than expected. Notes: Expected values based on the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and disease rates in all locations are shown in Fig. 3 (black line). Each point shows the observed age-standardised DALY rate for each country in 2019. Etiology and risk factors In both 1990 and 2019, the most common death etiology reported was pneumococcal. In terms of risk factors, data from different countries and years reflect obvious differences. In 1990, five of the ten countries had the highest proportion of child waste; followed by household air pollution from solid fuels, which had the highest proportion of four countries. With the general decline in mortality rates, the contribution of risk factors has undergone structural changes in most countries. In 2019, the risk factor with the highest proportion in six countries was ambient particulate matter pollution. In addition, the proportion of smoking in Brazil and Russia increased to the largest factor. In 1990, no country had the largest proportion of smoking. The proportion of household air pollution from solid fuels in Ethiopia and the proportion of ambient particulate matter pollution in United Arab Emirates are always the largest. Discussion We showed that in 2019, the total death toll caused by LRI was 852668, accounting for 34.2% of the global LRI deaths [2493199 (2736184 to 2268183)]. However, it is encouraging that the ASMR and burden from LRIs in the BRICS + countries has improved (decreased) since 1990. Consistent with prior research, LRI's impact was marginally less in women than in men [ 18 ]. Pneumococci emerged as the leading cause of LRI-related deaths and DALYs in every country. Moreover, countries with higher SDI typically exhibited lower age-standardized DALY rates from LRIs. Within the BRICS + countries, there are significant differences between countries in rates and secular trends. Below, we provide conclusions at the regional/country sublevel. In 2019, Ethiopia had the largest number of LRI deaths and the highest disease burden among BRICS + countries, and although the period and cohort models showed a significant improvement in LRI mortality in Ethiopia in recent years, the age model showed that the relative risk of 0–4 years is still extremely high. For the pathogens, consistent with the GBD2015 data, the number of deaths due to Streptococcus pneumoniae still exceeds the sum of other LRI causes [ 19 ]. Local drift shows the most pronounced decline in child mortality between 0–4 years. In addition to the increase in health facilities and health personnel, this may be related to the recent implementation of IMCI in Ethiopia since 1997, especially the inclusion of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, PCVs) in 2011 [ 20 ]. However, national analysis showed that LRI remains the third leading cause of death in Ethiopia, with particularly severe effects on children under 5 years and mainly pastoralist areas, where vaccination rates are generally low [ 19 – 20 ]. Moreover, local drift showed a decrease in mortality in people over 65 years, lower than the national average for net drift, and a lower reduction in mortality in men than in women. In terms of risk factors, Household air pollution from solid fuels, limited access to handwashing facility and child wasting are the main risk factors. National-level analysis showed that newborns in Ethiopia had higher rates of stunting, child underweight and wasting in rural areas than in urban areas [ 19 – 21 ]. These regional differences and SES differences also present challenges for the prevention and treatment of LRI. The cohort analysis indicated a reduced relative risk for children aged 0–4 years in South Africa compared to Ethiopia, aligning with other sub-Saharan nations and recent studies [ 21 ]. However, South Africa experiences a marked increase in mortality rates among the elderly, without significant declines over time. Notably, South Africa, among ten reviewed countries, faces a substantial health burden compared with other BRICS + countries with similar SDI, impacted by factors such as high HIV prevalence, industrial air pollution, and chronic respiratory diseases, all detrimental to preventing and treating LRI in the medical system. [ 22 – 24 ]. The compounded effects of local HIV prevalence, aging population, mining-related pollution, and ineffective tobacco control underscore the complexities facing LRI prevention and management in the region, On the bright side, Over the past years, South Africa has concentrated resources on the treatment of infectious diseases, and we noticed that LRI mortality improved around 2005. This time point is close to the turning point of HIV-positive tuberculosis in other studies. these investments seem to have been rewarded. [ 25 – 28 ] Among the BRICS + countries, four member countries are located in the Middle East and North Africa (NAME) region, including Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, UAE. Among the four analyzed countries, Iran exhibits the lowest mortality and disease burden, while Egypt faces the highest. Notably, both countries have experienced significant reductions in death rates over the last three decades. Iran's relatively lower burden, compared with other BRICS + countries with similar SDI, may reflect its robust primary healthcare system [ 29 ]. Common risk factors across these nations include high levels of air pollution and widespread tobacco use, including passive smoking. Given the elevated smoking rates and rising environmental pollution, particularly in NAME regions [ 30 – 31 ], enhanced focus on air quality and stricter adherence to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), especially regarding hookah use [ 32 – 35 ], is imperative. Additionally, the cross-border population mobility and mass gathering and presents a challenge to health planners, geopolitical conflicts and potential sanctions Adverse impact on NAME healthcare infrastructures, underscoring the necessity for policies ensuring consistent vaccine and medical supply chains [ 36 – 38 ]. Between 1990 and 2019, Brazil's increase in LRI-related deaths primarily stemmed from demographic shifts, including population growth and aging. Despite this, the country observed a decline in CRD mortality due to improvements across different time periods and birth cohorts. Recent years have seen mortality improvements, partially attributed to expanded access to the influenza vaccine since 1999 and the introduction of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV 10) in the Unified Health System (SUS) in 2010, though the rollout for the elderly was not simultaneous. [ 39 ] In 2019, smoking emerged as a significant risk factor in Brazil. However, the implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006, the No Tobacco Law in 2014, and subsequent tobacco control measures have led to a roughly 60% decrease in tobacco usage from 1998 to 2013. Despite this success, the rate of decline in smoking has slowed in recent years.[ 40 – 42 ] These findings underscore the critical need for ongoing tobacco control policies to manage respiratory diseases in Brazil's aging population. In China, both local drift and net drift showed significant improvements observed for all ages and sex, while the relative risk decline for women was more significant in the period and cohort models. The fast economic growth, increasing access to child healthcare, improvement of child nutrition, and health promotion may be a driver[ 6 , 43 ]. During the study period, the socio-economic progress, the popularization of vaccines, the progress of basic public health services, and the new rural cooperative medical system contributed to the improvement of LRI mortality in China [ 43 – 46 ] The Chinese government issued a series of policies to control risk factors LRI. Including promoting the emission control of industrial production and comprehensive air quality testing, and the promotion of clean fuels in rural areas [ 47 ]. Meanwhile, smoking rates in both men and women have decreased since 1990, However, current tobacco dependence is still very common in China [ 4 ], which highlights the need to further promote tobacco restriction measures to raise public awareness of the harm of tobacco. Moreover, given that the current cost-effectiveness of the 13-valent vaccine in China is confirmed, the health sector could continue to popularize vaccination to further reduce the incidence of LRI in China [ 49 ]. In 2019, India reported the highest number of deaths among the BRICS + nations. A consistent decline in mortality risk over the past thirty years, as observed in both Period and Cohort models, can be attributed to improved socio-economic conditions. Yet, India’s public healthcare system continues to confront significant hurdles.[ 50 ] Sociodemographic analyses reveal a high prevalence of infectious diseases among marginalized groups, with disease burden and risk factors diverging substantially across states.[ 51 – 52 ] Concurrently, India is undergoing an epidemiological transition, with CRD increasingly impacting lower respiratory infections amid an aging population and extended life expectancy. This shift underscores the urgent need for bolstered primary healthcare systems and mitigating risk factors. [ 53 – 54 ] The Indian government's recent initiatives, such as Ayushman Bharat and the National Digital Health Mission (NDHM) launched in 2021, aim to address health disparities. However, assessing the effectiveness of these programs will require time. Ongoing epidemiological surveillance is essential for the effectiveness of policy advancement. In 1990, Russia started with the lowest baseline mortality rate; however, between 1990 and 2019, there was a slight uptrend in LRI mortality, primarily attributed to increased rates in adults aged 20–80. This rise aligns with the healthcare disruptions during the post-Soviet era, particularly affecting the 1970–1995 cohorts.[ 55 ] Notably, risk factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption surged until the implementation of effective tobacco control measures in 2008. [ 56 ] Recent declines in smoking rates post-2000 have likely contributed to a decreased RR of mortality in Russia's Period model. To further combat LRI burden, Russian health policymakers must persist in targeting adult lifestyle risk factors, emphasizing tobacco and alcohol reduction. Our study has some shortcomings. First, we have limited data in some sites, especially in Ethiopia and Elderly population. which leads to a large uncertainty interval (UI) and affects the interpretation of our results. Second, this study included the clinical diagnosis of LRI without further laboratory or imaging evaluation. It requires future researchers could conduct further epidemiological investigations and provide a more detailed analysis of the disease burden of LRI. The period and age intervals should be fixed and equal in the APC tool, data of people aged ≥ 95 years could not be analyzed because of the data availability (they were merge to one age group in GBD2019) However, to our knowledge, this is the first country-level study analyzing the burden of LRI, its underlying etiology, and risk factors after the expansion in BRICS + countries. We conclude that the burden of LRI in the ten BRICS + countries has generally declined over the last three decades as the socioeconomic status has increased. But we still find serious health inequalities within and between BRICS + countries, and differences in major public health problems and major risk factors across these countries. Before the five new countries joined, the BRICS + countries had already launched a series of cooperation and issued declarations on public health issues. In 2016, the BRICS + health ministers meeting in Delhi made security to promote the supply of vaccines and drugs, improve the epidemic detection, solve the problem of antimicrobial drug resistance major issues such as strong commitment, and reiterated the support of the world health organization framework convention on tobacco control, Xiamen declaration in 2017 emphasizes to strengthen the role of the BRICS + countries in global health governance, improve the ability to fight infectious diseases, strengthen the health system and financing [ 57 ]. Given the large size of BRICS + economies and their important demonstration effect for other developing countries, whatever happens within BRICS + is likely to drive and shape global trends [ 58 – 59 ]. We call for broader international cooperation and more focus on evidence reflecting global health inequalities to get closer to our vision of reducing all preventable deaths to zero in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development by 2030. Declarations Funding This research received no external funding. Competing interests The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. Availability of data and materials The data used for these analyses are all publicly available at http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool. This study is based on publicly available data and solely reflects the opinions of its authors and not that of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Ethics approval and consent to participate Not applicable Consent for publication Not applicable References GBD 2019 LRI Collaborators (2022) Age-sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. 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J Glob Health 5(2):020302. 10.7189/jogh.05.020302 Mokdad AH, Forouzanfar MH, Daoud F et al (2016) Health in times of uncertainty in the eastern Mediterranean region, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet Glob Health 4(10):e704–e713. 10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30168-1 Firouzkouhi M, Zargham-Boroujeni A, Nouraei M, Yousefi H, Holmes CA (2013) Nurses experiences in chemical emergency departments: Iran-Iraq war, 1980–1988. Int Emerg Nurs 21(2):123–128. 10.1016/j.ienj.2012.03.002 Malta DC, Szwarcwald CL (2015) Lifestyles and chronic non-transmissible diseases of the Brazilian population according to the National Health Survey: balance of the main results. São Paulo Med J 133(4):286–289 Malta DC, Silva AGD, Machado IE, Sa A, Santos FMD, Prates EJS, Cristo EB (2019) Trends in smoking prevalence in all Brazilian capitals between 2006 and 2017. J Bras Pneumol 45(5):e20180384 Corrêa RA, José BPS, Malta DC et al (2017) Burden of disease by lower respiratory tract infections in Brazil, 1990 to 2015: estimates of the Global Burden of Disease 2015 study. Carga de doença por infecções do trato respiratório inferior no Brasil, 1990 a 2015: estimativas do estudo Global Burden of Disease 2015. Rev Bras Epidemiol. ;20Suppl 01(Suppl 01):171–181. 10.1590/1980-5497201700050014 He C, Kang L, Miao L et al (2015) Pneumonia Mortality among Children under 5 in China from 1996 to 2013: An Analysis from National Surveillance System. PLoS One. ;10(7):e0133620. Published 2015 Jul 17. 10.1371/journal.pone.0133620 Kang L, Jing W, Liu Q, Liu J, Liu M (2022) The trends of mortality, aetiologies and risk factors of lower respiratory infections in China from 1990 to 2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. J Infect Public Health 15(8):870–876. 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.06.016 Yip WC, Hsiao WC, Chen W, Hu S, Ma J, Maynard A (2012) Early appraisal of China's huge and complex health-care reforms. Lancet 379(9818):833–842. 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61880-1 Wang L, Wang Y, Jin S et al (2008) Emergence and control of infectious diseases in China. Lancet 372(9649):1598–1605. 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61365-3 Lu X, Zhang S Jia Xing. Progress of Air Pollution Control in China and Its Challenges and Opportunities in the Ecological. Civiliz Era[J] Eng 2020, 6(12):1423–1431 Liu Z, Li YH, Cui ZY et al (2022) Prevalence of tobacco dependence and associated factors in China: Findings from nationwide China Health Literacy Survey during 2018-19. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 24:100464 Published 2022 May 4. 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100464 Zhang H, Lai X, Patenaude BN, Jit M, Fang H (2023) Adding new childhood vaccines to China's National Immunization Program: evidence, benefits, and priorities. Lancet Public Health 8(12):e1016–e1024. 10.1016/S2468-2667(23)00248-7 John TJ, Dandona L, Sharma VP, Kakkar M (2011) Continuing challenge of infectious diseases in India. Lancet 377(9761):252–269. 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61265-2 Ram B, Thakur R (2022) Epidemiology and Economic Burden of Continuing Challenge of Infectious Diseases in India: Analysis of Socio-Demographic Differentials. Front Public Health 10:901276 Published 2022 Jun 30. 10.3389/fpubh.2022.901276 Nations within a nation: variations in epidemiological transition across the states of India, 1990–2016 in the Global Burden of Disease Study Kumar R, Dar L, Amarchand R et al (2021) Incidence, risk factors, and viral etiology of community-acquired acute lower respiratory tract infection among older adults in rural north India. J Glob Health 11:04027 Published 2021 Apr 3. 10.7189/jogh.11.04027 Mohan P, Mohan SB, Dutta M (2019) Communicable or noncommunicable diseases? Building strong primary health care systems to address double burden of disease in India. J Family Med Prim Care 8(2):326–329. 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_67_19 Ider BE, Adams J, Morton A, Whitby M, Clements A (2012) Infection control systems in transition: the challenges for post-Soviet Bloc countries. J Hosp Infect 80(4):277–287. 10.1016/j.jhin.2012.01.012 Shkolnikov VM, Churilova E, Jdanov DA et al (2020) Time trends in smoking in Russia in the light of recent tobacco control measures: synthesis of evidence from multiple sources. BMC Public Health 20:378. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08464-4 McBride B, Hawkes S, Buse K (2019) Soft power and global health: the sustainable development goals (SDGs) era health agendas of the G7, G20 and BRICS. BMC Public Health 19:815. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7114-5 Mújica OJ, Vázquez E, Duarte EC et al (2014) Socioeconomic inequalities and mortality trends in BRICS, 1990–2010. Bull World Health Organ 92(6):405–412. 10.2471/blt.13.127977 PMID: 24940014; PMCID: PMC4047800 Liu Z, Wang Z, Xu M et al (2023) The priority areas and possible pathways for health cooperation in BRICS countries. glob health res policy 8:36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-023-00318-x Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Supplementary Files Supplementaryinformation.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4885447","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":338047984,"identity":"3b20a16b-7ccd-4065-b62c-db3618dd12bf","order_by":0,"name":"Jiakang Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiakang","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":338047985,"identity":"041f715e-fee5-4a3c-aa3a-609900d03016","order_by":1,"name":"Nanhao He","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nanhao","middleName":"","lastName":"He","suffix":""},{"id":338047986,"identity":"191cc76d-727e-466b-b5e9-0b54dfd09ed4","order_by":2,"name":"Kasim Allel","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious \u0026 Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene \u0026 Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kasim","middleName":"","lastName":"Allel","suffix":""},{"id":338047987,"identity":"bdfb2bf3-cd08-4ead-9db9-11d5b7bcccb5","order_by":3,"name":"Xiaoyi Fang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiaoyi","middleName":"","lastName":"Fang","suffix":""},{"id":338047988,"identity":"4b3692c1-714d-4fba-8245-ab3c6ee3357a","order_by":4,"name":"Jiaqiang Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Public Health and Management, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiaqiang","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":338047989,"identity":"d902e0d4-73e6-402c-8a4d-3d9448a7ae30","order_by":5,"name":"Ruiyang Tu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Department of Science and Technology Studies, University College London, London, UK","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ruiyang","middleName":"","lastName":"Tu","suffix":""},{"id":338047990,"identity":"4c523c00-46b0-4397-9ad8-c51e28dbbd6d","order_by":6,"name":"Chuyue Zhuo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chuyue","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhuo","suffix":""},{"id":338047991,"identity":"7c6b3ae8-e173-4212-b448-93a7b1da2aa3","order_by":7,"name":"Guanyang Zou","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAyElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC/gYg8QHG4yFGi8QBBgbGGSRpMQBiZrhK4rTwHz4mbfOrLrF/2gHGB2/bGOTNCdtyLE06t48tccbtBGbDuW0MhjsbCGgxPNhjJp3bw5O4QTqBTZq3jSHB4AAhWw7zmElb9kiAtLD/Jk7LMaAWhh8GYFuYidIicYYt2bK3IcF4xu3EZsk55yQMNxDSwt9/+OCNH3/qZPtnJx/88KbMRp6gLWDA2AYmG0C2EqMeBP4Qq3AUjIJRMApGJAAAwj08hitxFhsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"School of Public Health and Management, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Guanyang","middleName":"","lastName":"Zou","suffix":""},{"id":338047992,"identity":"9142995f-9e1d-4ec4-8621-9431e4f878f6","order_by":8,"name":"Chao Zhuo","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCSBmbAAS7A0MzBChBGK18BwgWYtEApFa+Gc3P3z4c4eNnLnk88ufC3MOM/Cz5xgw/NyBx5I7x4yNec+kGVvOzikwnrntMINkzxsDxt4zuLUYSCSYSTO2HU7ccDsnIZkXqMXgRo4BM2MbPi3p3yR/tv2v33DzTMJhkBZ7wlpyzCR42w4kGNxgP9gMtkWCgBaJGznFxrxtyYY7e3KYmXm3pfNInHlWcLAXjxb+GekbH/5ss5M3Zz/++DPvNms5/vbkjQ9+4tGCcCEDjwGI5gERB4jQANLC/oAohaNgFIyCUTDyAACgUVFPY6XDagAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chao","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhuo","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-08-09 08:18:46","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4885447/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4885447/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":62321940,"identity":"de36504d-a384-4f1b-b8dd-a530edf93a11","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-08-13 01:56:10","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":90814,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eIncidence, deaths and DALYs for lower respiratory infection in 2019 across the BRICS+ countries. Notes: Data were sourced from the GBD study. DALYs= disability-adjusted life years. 95% confidence intervals are presented by the brackets.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4885447/v1/95d9fc79c0502371206222f0.png"},{"id":62321943,"identity":"52a208a1-a081-4829-9353-5abb2509d459","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-08-13 01:56:10","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":219846,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eAge(A), period(B), and birth cohort effects(C) on LRI mortality across BRICS+ countries. Notes: Data were sourced from the GBD study.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4885447/v1/abb9eea00b3a506a3ea5b5fc.png"},{"id":62321938,"identity":"090d6911-17f0-432d-9580-805629b4dbd5","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-08-13 01:56:10","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":86552,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eAge-standardized DALY rates of lower respiratory infections for BRICS+ countries, by SDI in 2019. Notes: Expected values based on the Socio-demographic Index ‘SDI’ and disease rates in all locations are shown in Figure 2 (black line). Each point shows the observed age-standardized DALY rate for each country in 2019\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4885447/v1/8e746692245935c57849dfbc.png"},{"id":62322385,"identity":"b79198cd-05bd-414a-b197-8b9ace6f58ca","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-08-13 02:04:10","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":122226,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDeath rate for LRI per 100,000 population in the BRICS+ countries attributable to each etiology (A) and risk factors (B) in 2019, by age. Notes: Data were sourced from the GBD study.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4885447/v1/273d8e2e91aa90f942e0c525.png"},{"id":62323392,"identity":"8270fcda-7e46-4a5f-9545-9f803e371f32","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-08-13 02:12:15","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":880449,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4885447/v1/5f59367f-4c76-4a34-a247-194bcd0c3268.pdf"},{"id":62323370,"identity":"0022129e-28cb-44ef-976d-64e63594e45e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-08-13 02:12:10","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":248553,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Supplementaryinformation.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4885447/v1/17341ccd0d81bf3c6ed764eb.docx"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTemporal Patterns, Causes, and Risk Determinants of Lower Respiratory Infections in BRICS+ Countries: A Longitudinal Inter-Country Assessment of Disease Burdens\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eLower respiratory infections (LRIs) significantly contribute to death and disability globally, notably in children under five [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]. In developing countries, the disease burden of lower respiratory tract infections is higher due to lack of medical resources, environmental degradation, and weak awareness of disease prevention among the population [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAfter the 2023 BRICS South Africa Conference Declaration was released, BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;has now included ten member countries distributed in different continents, including 3,567,960,329 population in 2019, accounting for nearly 50% of the world's population [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e]. Most of the BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries are developing countries. Previous studies have proven that lower SDI is related to higher LRI burden [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e]. Due to their huge population base and representation in developing countries, changes in the LRI of the BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries can It better reflects the epidemiological situation of infectious diseases in developing countries and becomes an important reference for monitoring health inequality.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this comparative study across BRICS+, we explore the burden of LRIs and its trends, etiologies, and risk factors between 1990 and 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eData sources, variables and analytical sampl\u003c/b\u003e \u003cem\u003ee\u003c/em\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe utilised data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study (GBD 2019) covering 21 geographical regions and 204 countries between 1990 and 2019[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. The BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;is an intergovernmental organisation comprising ten countries, including Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Ethiopia, The United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Arab Republic of Egypt. LRI were defined utilising the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), which included ICD-9 codes 073.0-073.6, 079.82, 466\u0026ndash;469, 480\u0026ndash;489, 513.0, and 770.0 and ICD10 codes A48.1, J09-J22, J85.1, P23-P23.9, and U04. The etiologies included influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, \u003cem\u003eStreptococcus pneumoniae\u003c/em\u003e, and Haemophilus influenzae type-b. We studied 14 critical risk factors attributable to LRI deaths, including null access to handwashing, ambient particulate matter pollution, household air pollution from solid fuels, highest and lowest temperature, non-exclusive breastfeeding, child underweight, child wasting, child stunting, short gestation, low birth weight, smoking, secondhand smoke, and alcohol use [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. GBD2019 defined an LRI episode as an infection directly caused by the identified pathogen. Input data from the GBD 2019 included all data used in GBD 2017, data from a systematic review, and inpatient data [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. The non-fatal burden of LRIs was modelled using a Bayesian meta-regression modeling framework (i.e., Dis Mod-MR). Details of the methods have been published elsewhere [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e]. Our main outcomes referred to the disability adjusted life year (DALYs) and the Sociodemographic Index (SDI). The SDI is the geometric mean, ranging between 0 and 1 of different indices, including fertility rate under the age of 25, mean education for those ages 15 and older and lagged distributed income per capita [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003eStatistical analyses\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe analyzed the association between DALYs SDI. Data outcomes were described in terms of absolute numbers and age-standardized rates per 100,000 populations following 95% uncertainty interval (UI) following a static (i.e., period-specific) and dynamic (i.e., changes over time) levels. We calculated the average annual percentage change (AAPC) in terms of age-standardized incidence rates, number of deaths, and DALYs attributable to LRIs in 10 BRICS countries. We estimated the impact of age, period, and birth cohort on chronic disease mortality using an age-period-cohort (APC) model; previously utilized to analyze mortality trends from infectious diseases [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]. We obtained the estimated parameters from the age-period-cohort Web Tool designed by the National Cancer Institute of the United States and used central age groups (i.e., 50\u0026ndash;54 years) for the 2000\u0026ndash;2004 period, and 1950\u0026ndash;1954 cohort as reference [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e]. APC models were tested using Wald chi-squared test, and statistical significance was considered two-sided utilising p\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;0.05[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e14\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe used the Joinpoint (v 5.0) software for statistical analyses and R for data visualization v 4.3.1[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e16\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e17\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003eTrends in LRI Incidence, Mortality and DALYs\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn 2019, BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;experienced a total of 256821260 LRI events, accounting for 52.5% of the global incidence (488902504), an increase of 16.9% from 1990 (219640408 cases). The total number of deaths caused by LRI is 852668, accounting for 34.2% of the global LRI deaths [2493199 (2736184 to 2268183)], a decrease of 44.5% compared to 1990. In 2019, India reported the highest number of LRI deaths [433661 (381633, 489555)], followed by China [185264 (160993, 216218)]. The age standardized mortality rate of LRIs in BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries ranged from 13.8 to 86.4 cases per 100000 people, and the age standardized DALYs rate of LRIs was 343.1 to 2415.7 cases per 100000 people. Ethiopia [2415.7 (2067.8, 2845.7)], South Africa [2104.9 (1880.6, 2373.1)], and India [1631.6 (1411.2, 1903.5)] had the highest figures. On the contrary, China [343.1 (304.6, 391.6)], Iran [359 (326.5, 390.5)], and Russia [603.5 (527.2, 684.2)] had the lowest numbers (Table\u0026nbsp;1, Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;1.\u003c/strong\u003e Incidence, deaths and DALYs for LRI in 2019 and the average annual percent change during the period 1990\u0026ndash;2019 Notes: Data were sourced from the GBD study. DALYs\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Disability-adjusted life years. LRI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Lower respiratory infections. UI\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;uncertainty interval. ASR\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Age-standardized rates. AAPC\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;Average Annual Percent Change.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg 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\" width=\"692\" height=\"205\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAlmost all countries, except for Russia with an increase of 0.48% per year (95% CI: 0.07 to 0.89), showed a decrease in LRI deaths overtime, with China displaying the most significant decrease of-4.72% per year (95% CI: -4.89 to -4.56) (Table S1).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhen dividing by age group, local drift is below zero for all age groups under 19 years old, indicating an improvement in LRI mortality rates in children and adolescents. In China, progress is most significant across all age groups. The most significant progress was observed in infants and young children aged 0 to 4, with a score of -10.1% per year (95% CI: -10.26 to -9.93) (Table S1).\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrom 1990 to 2019, the percentage change of age standardized incidence rate in all BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries decreased, with China [average annual percent change(AAPC): -2.06 (95% CI-2.1, -2.03)], Ethiopia [AAPC: -1.68 (-1.78, -1.58) and Iran [AAPC: -1.45 (-1.53, -1.37)] having the largest decline. In contrast, the Russia [AAPC: -0.49 (-0.63, -0.36)] and South Africa [AAPC: -0.5 (-0.56, -0.45)] had the smallest reductions.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBetween 1990 and 2019, there was no increase in DALYs (Disability-Adjusted Life Years) rates in any country. Similarly, China [AAPC: -7.7 (-7.88, -7.52)], Egypt [AAPC: -5.14 (-5.47, -4.82)], and Iran [AAPC: -5.01 (-5.16, -4.86)] had the largest reductions in standardized disability adjusted life rates during the same period (Table\u0026nbsp;1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003eIndividual Level-Age-Period-Cohort Effect Analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFigure \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e illustrates the age, period, and cohort effects of sex specific LRI mortality rate. After controlling for period and cohort effects, we found that LRI mortality rate was highest between 0\u0026ndash;4 years old populations, followed by a rapid decline with age until it stabilized at a low level at 60 years. After this time point, the curve showed a gradual increase in LRI deaths among individuals\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;60 years of age. LRI mortality rate was heterogeneous among countries. Even though all nations suffered higher death rates in youngest and oldest groups, Ethiopia experienced a high peak of LRI death in the 0\u0026ndash;5 years old age group and South Africa in the \u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;75 group. China displayed the second highest under-5 mortality but lowest among \u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;75 age. The overall trend of relative risk (RR) of LRIs is declining in BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries, although there are fluctuations of period RR in Russia and South Africa and cohort RR for the Middle East and North Africa (NAME) countries. notably in China where LRI period RR significantly dropped from 1.64 to 0.5. This decline is observed for both sexes, particularly among Chinese women. Countries like China, Ethiopia, Iran, and India have seen marked LRI risk reductions compared to cohorts born before 1950. Wald Chi Square tests confirmed these trends in the APC model are statistically significant (all p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.001).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003eAssociation with SDI\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrom 1990 to 2019, with socio-economic development, the burden of LRIs generally declined. Countries such as South Africa and Egypt have a higher burden than expected, while others such as Iran have a lower burden than expected.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNotes: Expected values based on the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and disease rates in all locations are shown in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e (black line). Each point shows the observed age-standardised DALY rate for each country in 2019.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003eEtiology and risk factors\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn both 1990 and 2019, the most common death etiology reported was pneumococcal. In terms of risk factors, data from different countries and years reflect obvious differences. In 1990, five of the ten countries had the highest proportion of child waste; followed by household air pollution from solid fuels, which had the highest proportion of four countries. With the general decline in mortality rates, the contribution of risk factors has undergone structural changes in most countries. In 2019, the risk factor with the highest proportion in six countries was ambient particulate matter pollution. In addition, the proportion of smoking in Brazil and Russia increased to the largest factor. In 1990, no country had the largest proportion of smoking. The proportion of household air pollution from solid fuels in Ethiopia and the proportion of ambient particulate matter pollution in United Arab Emirates are always the largest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eWe showed that in 2019, the total death toll caused by LRI was 852668, accounting for 34.2% of the global LRI deaths [2493199 (2736184 to 2268183)]. However, it is encouraging that the ASMR and burden from LRIs in the BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries has improved (decreased) since 1990. Consistent with prior research, LRI's impact was marginally less in women than in men [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e18\u003c/span\u003e]. Pneumococci emerged as the leading cause of LRI-related deaths and DALYs in every country. Moreover, countries with higher SDI typically exhibited lower age-standardized DALY rates from LRIs. Within the BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries, there are significant differences between countries in rates and secular trends. Below, we provide conclusions at the regional/country sublevel.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn 2019, Ethiopia had the largest number of LRI deaths and the highest disease burden among BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries, and although the period and cohort models showed a significant improvement in LRI mortality in Ethiopia in recent years, the age model showed that the relative risk of 0\u0026ndash;4 years is still extremely high. For the pathogens, consistent with the GBD2015 data, the number of deaths due to Streptococcus pneumoniae still exceeds the sum of other LRI causes [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e]. Local drift shows the most pronounced decline in child mortality between 0\u0026ndash;4 years. In addition to the increase in health facilities and health personnel, this may be related to the recent implementation of IMCI in Ethiopia since 1997, especially the inclusion of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, PCVs) in 2011 [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]. However, national analysis showed that LRI remains the third leading cause of death in Ethiopia, with particularly severe effects on children under 5 years and mainly pastoralist areas, where vaccination rates are generally low [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e20\u003c/span\u003e]. Moreover, local drift showed a decrease in mortality in people over 65 years, lower than the national average for net drift, and a lower reduction in mortality in men than in women. In terms of risk factors, Household air pollution from solid fuels, limited access to handwashing facility and child wasting are the main risk factors. National-level analysis showed that newborns in Ethiopia had higher rates of stunting, child underweight and wasting in rural areas than in urban areas [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR20\" citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e19\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e]. These regional differences and SES differences also present challenges for the prevention and treatment of LRI.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe cohort analysis indicated a reduced relative risk for children aged 0\u0026ndash;4 years in South Africa compared to Ethiopia, aligning with other sub-Saharan nations and recent studies [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e21\u003c/span\u003e]. However, South Africa experiences a marked increase in mortality rates among the elderly, without significant declines over time.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotably, South Africa, among ten reviewed countries, faces a substantial health burden compared with other BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries with similar SDI, impacted by factors such as high HIV prevalence, industrial air pollution, and chronic respiratory diseases, all detrimental to preventing and treating LRI in the medical system. [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR23\" citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e22\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e]. The compounded effects of local HIV prevalence, aging population, mining-related pollution, and ineffective tobacco control underscore the complexities facing LRI prevention and management in the region, On the bright side, Over the past years, South Africa has concentrated resources on the treatment of infectious diseases, and we noticed that LRI mortality improved around 2005. This time point is close to the turning point of HIV-positive tuberculosis in other studies. these investments seem to have been rewarded. [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR26 CR27\" citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAmong the BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries, four member countries are located in the Middle East and North Africa (NAME) region, including Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, UAE. Among the four analyzed countries, Iran exhibits the lowest mortality and disease burden, while Egypt faces the highest. Notably, both countries have experienced significant reductions in death rates over the last three decades. Iran's relatively lower burden, compared with other BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries with similar SDI, may reflect its robust primary healthcare system [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e]. Common risk factors across these nations include high levels of air pollution and widespread tobacco use, including passive smoking. Given the elevated smoking rates and rising environmental pollution, particularly in NAME regions [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e], enhanced focus on air quality and stricter adherence to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), especially regarding hookah use [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR33 CR34\" citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e], is imperative. Additionally, the cross-border population mobility and mass gathering and presents a challenge to health planners, geopolitical conflicts and potential sanctions Adverse impact on NAME healthcare infrastructures, underscoring the necessity for policies ensuring consistent vaccine and medical supply chains [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR37\" citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBetween 1990 and 2019, Brazil's increase in LRI-related deaths primarily stemmed from demographic shifts, including population growth and aging. Despite this, the country observed a decline in CRD mortality due to improvements across different time periods and birth cohorts. Recent years have seen mortality improvements, partially attributed to expanded access to the influenza vaccine since 1999 and the introduction of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV 10) in the Unified Health System (SUS) in 2010, though the rollout for the elderly was not simultaneous. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn 2019, smoking emerged as a significant risk factor in Brazil. However, the implementation of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006, the No Tobacco Law in 2014, and subsequent tobacco control measures have led to a roughly 60% decrease in tobacco usage from 1998 to 2013. Despite this success, the rate of decline in smoking has slowed in recent years.[\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR41\" citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e42\u003c/span\u003e] These findings underscore the critical need for ongoing tobacco control policies to manage respiratory diseases in Brazil's aging population.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn China, both local drift and net drift showed significant improvements observed for all ages and sex, while the relative risk decline for women was more significant in the period and cohort models. The fast economic growth, increasing access to child healthcare, improvement of child nutrition, and health promotion may be a driver[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e]. During the study period, the socio-economic progress, the popularization of vaccines, the progress of basic public health services, and the new rural cooperative medical system contributed to the improvement of LRI mortality in China [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR44 CR45\" citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e46\u003c/span\u003e] The Chinese government issued a series of policies to control risk factors LRI. Including promoting the emission control of industrial production and comprehensive air quality testing, and the promotion of clean fuels in rural areas [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e47\u003c/span\u003e]. Meanwhile, smoking rates in both men and women have decreased since 1990, However, current tobacco dependence is still very common in China [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e], which highlights the need to further promote tobacco restriction measures to raise public awareness of the harm of tobacco. Moreover, given that the current cost-effectiveness of the 13-valent vaccine in China is confirmed, the health sector could continue to popularize vaccination to further reduce the incidence of LRI in China [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e49\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn 2019, India reported the highest number of deaths among the BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;nations. A consistent decline in mortality risk over the past thirty years, as observed in both Period and Cohort models, can be attributed to improved socio-economic conditions. Yet, India\u0026rsquo;s public healthcare system continues to confront significant hurdles.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR50\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e50\u003c/span\u003e] Sociodemographic analyses reveal a high prevalence of infectious diseases among marginalized groups, with disease burden and risk factors diverging substantially across states.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR51\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e51\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR52\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e52\u003c/span\u003e] Concurrently, India is undergoing an epidemiological transition, with CRD increasingly impacting lower respiratory infections amid an aging population and extended life expectancy. This shift underscores the urgent need for bolstered primary healthcare systems and mitigating risk factors. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR53\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e53\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR54\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e54\u003c/span\u003e] The Indian government's recent initiatives, such as Ayushman Bharat and the National Digital Health Mission (NDHM) launched in 2021, aim to address health disparities. However, assessing the effectiveness of these programs will require time. Ongoing epidemiological surveillance is essential for the effectiveness of policy advancement.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn 1990, Russia started with the lowest baseline mortality rate; however, between 1990 and 2019, there was a slight uptrend in LRI mortality, primarily attributed to increased rates in adults aged 20\u0026ndash;80. This rise aligns with the healthcare disruptions during the post-Soviet era, particularly affecting the 1970\u0026ndash;1995 cohorts.[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR55\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e55\u003c/span\u003e] Notably, risk factors such as smoking and alcohol consumption surged until the implementation of effective tobacco control measures in 2008. [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR56\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e56\u003c/span\u003e] Recent declines in smoking rates post-2000 have likely contributed to a decreased RR of mortality in Russia's Period model. To further combat LRI burden, Russian health policymakers must persist in targeting adult lifestyle risk factors, emphasizing tobacco and alcohol reduction.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur study has some shortcomings. First, we have limited data in some sites, especially in Ethiopia and Elderly population. which leads to a large uncertainty interval (UI) and affects the interpretation of our results. Second, this study included the clinical diagnosis of LRI without further laboratory or imaging evaluation. It requires future researchers could conduct further epidemiological investigations and provide a more detailed analysis of the disease burden of LRI. The period and age intervals should be fixed and equal in the APC tool, data of people aged\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;95 years could not be analyzed because of the data availability (they were merge to one age group in GBD2019) However, to our knowledge, this is the first country-level study analyzing the burden of LRI, its underlying etiology, and risk factors after the expansion in BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe conclude that the burden of LRI in the ten BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries has generally declined over the last three decades as the socioeconomic status has increased. But we still find serious health inequalities within and between BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries, and differences in major public health problems and major risk factors across these countries. Before the five new countries joined, the BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries had already launched a series of cooperation and issued declarations on public health issues. In 2016, the BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;health ministers meeting in Delhi made security to promote the supply of vaccines and drugs, improve the epidemic detection, solve the problem of antimicrobial drug resistance major issues such as strong commitment, and reiterated the support of the world health organization framework convention on tobacco control, Xiamen declaration in 2017 emphasizes to strengthen the role of the BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries in global health governance, improve the ability to fight infectious diseases, strengthen the health system and financing [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR57\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e57\u003c/span\u003e]. Given the large size of BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;economies and their important demonstration effect for other developing countries, whatever happens within BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;is likely to drive and shape global trends [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR58\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e58\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR59\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e59\u003c/span\u003e]. We call for broader international cooperation and more focus on evidence reflecting global health inequalities to get closer to our vision of reducing all preventable deaths to zero in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development by 2030.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003eFunding\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis research received no external funding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe data used for these analyses are all publicly available at http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool. This study is based on publicly available data and solely reflects the opinions of its authors and not that of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eGBD 2019 LRI Collaborators (2022) Age-sex differences in the global burden of lower respiratory infections and risk factors, 1990\u0026ndash;2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. 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Bull World Health Organ 92(6):405\u0026ndash;412. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003e10.2471/blt.13.127977\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.2471/blt.13.127977\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003ePMID: 24940014; PMCID: PMC4047800\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLiu Z, Wang Z, Xu M et al (2023) The priority areas and possible pathways for health cooperation in BRICS countries. glob health res policy 8:36. \u003cspan class=\"ExternalRef\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"RefSource\"\u003ehttps://doi.org/10.1186/s41256-023-00318-x\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan address=\"10.1186/s41256-023-00318-x\" targettype=\"DOI\" class=\"RefTarget\"\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"Guangzhou Medical University","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Global burden of disease, Lower respiratory infection, Etiology, Risk factor, BRICS","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4885447/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4885447/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eWith the inclusion of new member states, nearly half of the world's population today residence in the BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries. However, no studies have systematically assessed the disease burden caused by lower respiratory tract infections (LRI) in these countries. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 and age-period-cohort models, we estimate the temporal patterns, causes, and risk determinants of LRI burden between 1990 and 2019. The findings showed BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;experienced a total of 256821260 LRI events, accounting for 52.5% of the global incidence (488902504), accounting for 34.2% of the global LRI deaths [2493199 (2736184 to 2268183)] In 2019. The age standardized mortality rate of LRIs in BRICS\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;countries ranged from 13.8 to 86.4 cases per 100,000 people. Local drift showed that the improvement was most pronounced in children. In terms of numbers, pneumococci are the common LRI type in all countries. In terms of risk factors, countries show strong heterogeneity. From 1990 to 2019, the burden of LRI generally decreased as SDI increased. The result shows that BRICS countries should strengthen cooperation and exchanges in health and provide better experience for other developing countries to reduce the burden of LRI.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Temporal Patterns, Causes, and Risk Determinants of Lower Respiratory Infections in BRICS+ Countries: A Longitudinal Inter-Country Assessment of Disease Burdens","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-08-13 01:56:05","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4885447/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"1da973b3-294d-4317-9e41-3327f5b8c8c3","owner":[],"postedDate":"August 13th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":35812247,"name":"Health Economics \u0026 Outcomes Research"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-08-13T01:56:06+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-08-13 01:56:05","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4885447","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4885447","identity":"rs-4885447","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}