A 40 Gbps Low-Power Inverter-Based CNTFET Optical Receiver

A 40 Gbps Low-Power Inverter-Based CNTFET Optical Receiver | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article A 40 Gbps Low-Power Inverter-Based CNTFET Optical Receiver Nazanin Zamani, Mehdi Amoon, Zahra Alaie, Mahmoud Daneshvar Farzanegan This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8353713/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A low-power 40 Gbps optical receiver based on 32 nm carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNTFET) technology is presented in this work. The proposed architecture incorporates a modified inverter-based transimpedance amplifier (TIA) followed by cascaded limiting amplifiers (LAs). By employing the \(\:{g}_{m}/{I}_{D}\) design methodology, the TIA achieves an optimized trade-off among gain, bandwidth, noise, and power consumption. Simulation results show that the TIA attains a transimpedance gain of 47.6 dBΩ, a − 3 dB bandwidth of 28.4 GHz, and an input-referred noise current of 15.5 pA/√Hz, consuming only 183 µW within a 3.93 µm² area. The complete receiver achieves an overall gain of 77.8 dBΩ, a − 3 dB bandwidth of 29.5 GHz, and total power consumption of 1.37 mW in a 49.19 µm² layout. Analytical predictions based on the \(\:{g}_{m}/{I}_{D}\) framework show strong agreement with simulation results, validating the design methodology. Compared to conventional CMOS-based implementations, the proposed CNTFET receiver provides significant improvements in power efficiency, noise performance, and integration density, making it a promising candidate for next-generation optical interconnects and communication systems. Physical sciences/Energy science and technology Physical sciences/Engineering Optical receiver transimpedance amplifier low power CNTFET Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files ResponsetoReviewers.pdf SupplementaryFilesA40GbpsLowPowerInverterBasedCNTFETOpticalReceiver.rar Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 23 Feb, 2026 Reviews received at journal 23 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 31 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 25 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 24 Dec, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 24 Dec, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 24 Dec, 2025 Editor invited by journal 23 Dec, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 22 Dec, 2025 First submitted to journal 22 Dec, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8353713","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":565412010,"identity":"46a3491b-1a22-4d3d-822a-3e3e19338b49","order_by":0,"name":"Nazanin Zamani","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Na.C., Islamic Azad University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nazanin","middleName":"","lastName":"Zamani","suffix":""},{"id":565412014,"identity":"f84532a7-bf77-445e-85b9-ebba7eff91bd","order_by":1,"name":"Mehdi 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Receiver","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Optical receiver, 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The proposed architecture incorporates a modified inverter-based transimpedance amplifier (TIA) followed by cascaded limiting amplifiers (LAs). By employing the \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\:{g}_{m}/{I}_{D}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e design methodology, the TIA achieves an optimized trade-off among gain, bandwidth, noise, and power consumption.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSimulation results show that the TIA attains a transimpedance gain of 47.6 dBΩ, a \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3 dB bandwidth of 28.4 GHz, and an input-referred noise current of 15.5 pA/\u0026radic;Hz, consuming only 183 \u0026micro;W within a 3.93 \u0026micro;m\u0026sup2; area. The complete receiver achieves an overall gain of 77.8 dBΩ, a \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3 dB bandwidth of 29.5 GHz, and total power consumption of 1.37 mW in a 49.19 \u0026micro;m\u0026sup2; layout. Analytical predictions based on the \u003cspan class=\"InlineEquation\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"mathinline\"\u003e\\(\\:{g}_{m}/{I}_{D}\\)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e framework show strong agreement with simulation results, validating the design methodology.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eCompared to conventional CMOS-based implementations, the proposed CNTFET receiver provides significant improvements in power efficiency, noise performance, and integration density, making it a promising candidate for next-generation optical interconnects and communication systems.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"A 40 Gbps Low-Power Inverter-Based CNTFET Optical Receiver","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-12-26 03:07:00","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8353713/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-02-23T08:51:04+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2026-02-23T05:24:23+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"163799858844537320886571752923383107291","date":"2026-01-31T07:37:51+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-12-25T06:56:33+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"337724793153239352658039166855140143793","date":"2025-12-24T12:53:56+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-12-24T11:20:36+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-12-24T11:17:36+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-12-23T19:40:23+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-12-22T16:04:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2025-12-22T15:59:39+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"70275611-9593-4a4d-878d-96b7ecf5603b","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 26th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":60197511,"name":"Physical sciences/Energy science and technology"},{"id":60197512,"name":"Physical sciences/Engineering"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-19T15:54:49+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-12-26 03:07:00","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8353713","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8353713","identity":"rs-8353713","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}